September 2026 Current Affairs Quiz – 79 questions

Answer: (b) Sarah Peluse

• Answer: Option (b) — Sarah Peluse
• Sarah Peluse of Stanford University wins the 2026 SASTRA Ramanujan Prize.
• Revision note — SASTRA Ramanujan Prize 2026
• Affiliation: Associate Professor, Stanford University
• Prize money: USD 10,000 and a citation
• Ceremony: 22 December 2026, SASTRA campus, Kumbakonam
• PhD advisor: Kannan Soundararajan, inaugural 2005 winner

Answer: (a) Justice Dipak Misra

• Answer: Option (a) — Justice Dipak Misra
• Former CJI Justice Dipak Misra received the Kalinga Ratna Award 2026 at Cuttack, Odisha.
• Revision note — Kalinga Ratna Award 2026
• Given by: Sarala Sahitya Sansad, Cuttack
• Award includes: Silver idol of Goddess Saraswati and citation
• Recipient: 45th Chief Justice of India (2017–18)
• Sarala Samman: Odia litterateur Dr Ramachandra Behera

Answer: (d) Kishor Makwana

• Answer: Option (d) — Kishor Makwana
• NCSC Chairman Kishor Makwana received the inaugural Dr APJ Abdul Kalam Jan Seva Puraskar.
• Revision note — Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam Jan Seva Puraskar
• Post: Chairman, National Commission for Scheduled Castes
• Given by: Prime Point Foundation (Sansad Ratna Awards)
• Ceremony: 9 September 2026, New Delhi
• NCSC basis: Article 338 of the Constitution

Answer: (b) Dong Mingzhu

• Answer: Option (b) — Dong Mingzhu
• Gree chairperson Dong Mingzhu won the first UNEP Cool Leaders Award in the individual category.
• Revision note — UNEP Cool Leaders Award
• Position: Chairperson, Gree Electric Appliances, China
• Announced at: Global Cooling Pledge Assembly 2026, Singapore
• Other awardees: Singapore and UAE
• UNEP headquarters: Nairobi, Kenya

Answer: (b) Uzbekistan

• Answer: Option (b) — Uzbekistan
• Uzbekistan conferred its highest state honour, Order of Oliy Darajali Dustlik, on PM Modi.
• Revision note — Order of Oliy Darajali Dustlik
• Conferred by: President Shavkat Mirziyoyev
• Date: 30 August 2026
• Venue: Kuksaroy Presidential Palace, Tashkent
• Meaning: 'Dustlik' means friendship

Answer: (a) Baljeet Kaur, Skalzang Rigzin, Rimo Saha and Shiva Prasad Chamoli

• Answer: Option (a) — Baljeet Kaur, Skalzang Rigzin, Rimo Saha and Shiva Prasad Chamoli
• Four achievers were named for the Tenzing Norgay National Adventure Award 2024.
• Revision note — Tenzing Norgay National Adventure Award 2024
• Land Adventure: Baljeet Kaur and Skalzang Rigzin
• Water Adventure: Rimo Saha
• Lifetime Achievement: Shiva Prasad Chamoli
• Prize money: Rs 15 lakh each

Answer: (a) G. Rajaraman and S. Kannan

• Answer: Option (a) — G. Rajaraman and S. Kannan
• 'Maverick Jaspal', biography of shooter-coach Jaspal Rana, is written by G. Rajaraman and S. Kannan.
• Revision note — Book 'Maverick Jaspal'
• Subject: Jaspal Rana, pistol shooter and coach
• Authors: Both are senior sports journalists
• Unveiled at: IOA event, New Delhi, September 2026
• Rana's trainee: Olympic medallist Manu Bhaker

Answer: (b) Tamil Nadu

• Answer: Option (b) — Tamil Nadu
• Tamil Nadu launched the Thaimaman Thanga Mothiram scheme, giving gold rings to newborns in government hospitals.
• Revision note — Thaimaman Thanga Mothiram Scheme
• Launched by: Chief Minister C. Joseph Vijay
• Launch: 28 September 2026, Government Rajaji Hospital, Madurai
• Gold ring: 1 gram, 22-carat
• Annual outlay: Rs 755.83 crore

Answer: (c) Patna, Bihar

• Answer: Option (c) — Patna, Bihar
• CJI Surya Kant inaugurated India's first Victims Rights Centre at Patna, Bihar.
• Revision note — Victims Rights Centre
• Date: 26 September 2026
• Run by: Bihar State Legal Services Authority (BSLSA)
• Model: Single-window legal aid, counselling, compensation
• Also launched: Transgender Helpline and legal-aid multi-utility vehicles

Answer: (c) Punjab

• Answer: Option (c) — Punjab
• Punjab launched 'Pehchaan', India's first portal to identify unidentified and unclaimed bodies.
• Revision note — 'Pehchaan' portal
• Launched by: Punjab Health Minister Dr Balbir Singh
• Launched in: September 2026
• Coverage: 23 districts, 346 government hospitals
• Upload rule: Details within 48 hours of post-mortem

Answer: (d) Uttarakhand

• Answer: Option (d) — Uttarakhand
• Uttarakhand launched Mukhyamantri Yuva Bhavishya Nirman Yojana for free online coaching for competitive exams.
• Revision note — Mukhyamantri Yuva Bhavishya Nirman Yojana
• Launched by: CM Pushkar Singh Dhami
• Launch: 7 September 2026, Dehradun
• Benefit: Free online coaching and study material
• Exams covered: Civil Services, CDS, Banking, Railways, SSC, NET, GATE

Answer: (d) Article 371

• Answer: Option (d) — Article 371
• MHA proposed a new Chapter K under Article 371 to give Ladakh constitutional safeguards.
• Revision note — Ladakh and Article 371
• Talks held: 9 September 2026, New Delhi
• Ladakh groups: Leh Apex Body, Kargil Democratic Alliance
• Key proposal: Elected UT-level body with law-making powers
• Ladakh UT since: 31 October 2019, without legislature

Answer: (c) Dakshina Kannada and Udupi

• Answer: Option (c) — Dakshina Kannada and Udupi
• Karnataka Cabinet approved Tulu as second additional administrative language for Dakshina Kannada and Udupi districts.
• Revision note — Tulu language
• Cabinet decision: 18 September 2026, at Mangaluru
• Tulu speakers: About 18.5 lakh (Census 2011)
• Language family: Dravidian
• Annual allocation: Rs 82 lakh for translation and training

Answer: (b) PSLV

• Answer: Option (b) — PSLV
• ISRO–CNES thermal-infrared satellite TRISHNA is planned for launch on PSLV in 2027.
• Revision note — TRISHNA mission
• Full form: Thermal Infrared Imaging Satellite for High-resolution Natural resource Assessment
• Orbit: 761 km Sun-synchronous orbit
• Payloads: Thermal infrared by CNES; VNIR-SWIR by ISRO
• Mission life: 5 years

Answer: (c) Falcon Heavy

• Answer: Option (c) — Falcon Heavy
• NASA's Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope was launched on a SpaceX Falcon Heavy rocket.
• Revision note — Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope
• Launch date: 30 August 2026
• Launch site: LC-39A, Kennedy Space Center, Florida
• Destination: Sun-Earth Lagrange point L2
• Primary mirror: 2.4 m; earlier name WFIRST

Answer: (b) 71st

• Answer: Option (b) — 71st
• Türkiye became the 71st signatory of NASA's Artemis Accords on 31 August 2026.
• Revision note — Artemis Accords
• Signed at: NASA Headquarters, Washington D.C.
• Signed by: Minister Mehmet Fatih Kacır
• Accords began: 2020, with 8 founding nations
• India joined: June 2023, as 27th signatory

Answer: (c) Google

• Answer: Option (c) — Google
• Google's Project Suncatcher will test its AI chips (TPUs) on a prototype satellite in space.
• Revision note — Project Suncatcher
• Announced by: CEO Sundar Pichai, 25 September 2026
• Satellite partner: Planet Labs
• Launch ride: SpaceX Transporter-18 mission
• Project unveiled: 4 November 2025, by Google Research

Answer: (a) GSLV-F17

• Answer: Option (a) — GSLV-F17
• ISRO launched EOS-05 on GSLV-F17 from Sriharikota on 4 September 2026.
• Revision note — EOS-05 and GSLV-F17
• Launch pad: Second Launch Pad, SDSC Sriharikota
• Satellite: EOS-05 (GISAT-1A), 2,367 kg
• GSLV flight: 19th flight of GSLV
• ISRO Chairman: V. Narayanan

Answer: (a) GalaxEye

• Answer: Option (a) — GalaxEye
• GalaxEye secured a US patent for its OptoSAR satellite imaging technology.
• Revision note — GalaxEye
• Technology: OptoSAR: optical and SAR sensors synchronised
• Founded: 2021, incubated at IIT Madras
• Founder-CEO: Suyash Singh
• Satellite: Mission Drishti, May 2026, about 190 kg

Answer: (c) Paris, France

• Answer: Option (c) — Paris, France
• The first International Space Summit was held at Grand Palais, Paris, on 9–10 September 2026.
• Revision note — First International Space Summit
• Venue: Grand Palais, Paris
• Host: French President Emmanuel Macron
• Theme: Coming together to take action for the planet
• Participation: 90 countries and international organisations

Answer: (a) Moon Mineralogy Mapper

• Answer: Option (a) — Moon Mineralogy Mapper
• Chandrayaan-1's Moon Mineralogy Mapper (M3) data helped PRL scientists identify the ancient Australe Basin.
• Revision note — Australe Basin on the Moon
• M3 built by: NASA (imaging spectrometer on Chandrayaan-1)
• Study by: Physical Research Laboratory (PRL), Ahmedabad
• Basin location: Moon's southeastern hemisphere (Mare Australe region)
• Published in: The Planetary Science Journal

Answer: (a) Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO)

• Answer: Option (a) — Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO)
• NASA's Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) found McGetchin, the largest newly formed lunar crater.
• Revision note — McGetchin crater
• Crater size: About 222 m wide, 43 m deep
• Formed: Between 11 April and 22 May 2024
• Named after: Lunar scientist Tom McGetchin
• LRO launched: 18 June 2009, by NASA

Answer: (c) Chandrapur, Assam

• Answer: Option (c) — Chandrapur, Assam
• ISRO's Advanced Radar Research Facility under Project NETRA is coming up at Chandrapur, Assam.
• Revision note — Project NETRA
• Foundation date: 21 September 2026
• Laid by: Assam CM Himanta Biswa Sarma
• NETRA stands for: Network for Space Object Tracking and Analysis
• ISRO Chairman: V. Narayanan

Answer: (b) Sarla Aviation

• Answer: Option (b) — Sarla Aviation
• Tata Elxsi partnered with Bengaluru-based Sarla Aviation to develop the eVTOL air taxi 'Shunya'.
• Revision note — Air taxi 'Shunya'
• Sarla Aviation HQ: Bengaluru, Karnataka
• Sarla CEO: Adrian Schmidt (co-founder)
• Shunya range: Over 300 km, fully electric
• First flight target: Within the next 18 to 24 months

Answer: (c) Mongolia

• Answer: Option (c) — Mongolia
• Nomadic Elephant is the annual India-Mongolia army exercise; 18th edition held at Pithoragarh, Uttarakhand.
• Revision note — Exercise Nomadic Elephant
• Venue: Foreign Training Node, Pithoragarh (Uttarakhand)
• Troop strength: 45 personnel from each side
• Focus: Counter-insurgency operations under UN mandate
• Previous edition: Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia (May-June 2025)

Answer: (c) USA

• Answer: Option (c) — USA
• Yudh Abhyas is the annual India-USA army exercise; its 22nd edition was held in 2026.
• Revision note — Exercise Yudh Abhyas
• Edition: 22nd edition; began 15 September 2026
• Venues: Auli (Uttarakhand), Mahajan Range (Rajasthan)
• Troop strength: 600 personnel from each country
• First held: 2004

Answer: (d) Japan

• Answer: Option (d) — Japan
• Veer Guardian is the India-Japan bilateral air force exercise; the 2026 edition was held at Jodhpur.
• Revision note — Exercise Veer Guardian
• Venue: Air Force Station Jodhpur, Rajasthan
• Japanese aircraft: F-2A fighters of JASDF
• IAF aircraft: Su-30MKI, Rafale and LCA Tejas
• First edition: January 2023, Hyakuri Air Base, Japan
• Do not mix these up
• Veer Guardian vs Dharma Guardian — both are India-Japan exercises; Veer Guardian is between the air forces, Dharma Guardian is between the armies.

Answer: (a) Junput, West Bengal

• Answer: Option (a) — Junput, West Bengal
• DRDO's new weapon and missile testing range will come up at Junput, Purba Medinipur, West Bengal.
• Revision note — DRDO's new testing range
• District: Purba Medinipur, on Bay of Bengal coast
• Approved by: West Bengal CM Suvendu Adhikari
• Nearest range: About 70 km from ITR Chandipur, Odisha
• DRDO: Founded 1958; headquarters New Delhi

Answer: (c) USA

• Answer: Option (c) — USA
• The USA officially acknowledged for the first time that it has on-orbit space control weapons.
• Revision note — On-orbit space control weapons
• Announced on: 15 September 2026
• Stated by: US Air Force Secretary Troy Meink
• China's reaction: Warned against making space a 'battlefield'
• US Space Force: Established on 20 December 2019

Answer: (b) Sri Lanka

• Answer: Option (b) — Sri Lanka
• SLINEX is the India-Sri Lanka bilateral naval exercise; its 13th edition was held at Visakhapatnam.
• Revision note — SLINEX-26
• Venue: Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh
• Indian ships: INS Kavaratti and INS Jyoti
• Sri Lankan ship: SLNS Sindurala
• Started in: Conceptualised in 2005

Answer: (a) Apollyon Dynamics

• Answer: Option (a) — Apollyon Dynamics
• Apollyon Dynamics' Ahuti Mk-II hit 498 km/h, entering the India Book of Records.
• Revision note — Ahuti Mk-II interceptor drone
• Startup base: Hyderabad; incubated at BITS Pilani Hyderabad
• Founders: Jayant Khatri and Sourya Choudhary
• Record category: Maximum speed by a multirotor UAV
• Earlier Ahuti: About 300 km/h in 2025

Answer: (c) Haryana

• Answer: Option (c) — Haryana
• Haryana will deploy a Parali Protection Force at district and block level against stubble burning.
• Revision note — Parali Protection Force
• Decision date: 24 September 2026
• Force members: Police, agriculture and administrative officers
• Farmer incentive: Rs 1,200 per acre for residue management
• CAQM directive: May 2025 to Punjab, Haryana, UP

Answer: (a) Indus River

• Answer: Option (a) — Indus River
• India's first rock check dam was built on the Indus at Upshi, Leh.
• Revision note — India's first rock check dam
• Water level: Raised by nearly 10 feet
• Storage: About 40 million (4 crore) litres
• Construction: Interlocked riverbed rocks, no cement
• More planned: 36 check dams, over Rs 56 crore

Answer: (d) Belgium

• Answer: Option (d) — Belgium
• Belgium is building Princess Elisabeth Island, the world's first artificial energy island, in the North Sea.
• Revision note — Princess Elisabeth Island
• Location: North Sea, 45 km off Belgian coast
• Developer: Elia, Belgium's high-voltage grid operator
• Purpose: Hub for offshore wind power and interconnectors
• Belgium capital: Brussels

Answer: (a) Bhutan

• Answer: Option (a) — Bhutan
• WHO validated Bhutan as first in its South-East Asia Region to eliminate dog-transmitted rabies.
• Revision note — Rabies elimination in Bhutan
• Validated by: WHO, September 2026
• World position: Second country, after Mexico
• Last death: June 2023, Sarpang district
• Approach: One Health; dog vaccination and PEP

Answer: (d) Punjab and Haryana

• Answer: Option (d) — Punjab and Haryana
• Punjab and Haryana farmers got India's first soil carbon payments under Grow Indigo's Aadi programme.
• Revision note — 'Aadi' Farmer Carbon Programme
• Run by: Grow Indigo, with ICAR technical guidance
• Payout: Over Rs 2.9 crore to 2,550 farmers
• Venue: PAU, Ludhiana (17 September 2026)
• Per farmer: Rs 3,000 to Rs 15,000 via DBT

Answer: (d) Manesar, Haryana

• Answer: Option (d) — Manesar, Haryana
• Maruti Suzuki commissioned its first 300 kW green hydrogen plant at Manesar, Haryana.
• Revision note — Maruti Suzuki's green hydrogen plant
• Commissioned: 24 September 2026
• Power source: Company's in-house solar plants
• Hydrogen use: Blended with natural gas as process fuel
• MD & CEO: Hisashi Takeuchi

Answer: (c) Deendayal Port Authority (Kandla), Gujarat

• Answer: Option (c) — Deendayal Port Authority (Kandla), Gujarat
• India's first port-based e-methanol plant (150 TPD) is coming up at Deendayal Port, Kandla.
• Revision note — India's first port-based e-methanol plant
• Foundation date: 26 September 2026
• Investment: Rs 2,300 crore
• Partners: DPA and Assam Petro-Chemicals Ltd
• District: Kutch, Gujarat

Answer: (b) Delhi University

• Answer: Option (b) — Delhi University
• Delhi University's Department of Botany opened India's first Carbon Garden in September 2026.
• Revision note — India's first Carbon Garden
• Inaugurated by: DU Vice Chancellor Yogesh Singh
• Location: Department of Botany lawn, DU
• Plant species: 50 (herbs, shrubs and trees)
• Area: About 2,000 square feet

Answer: (a) 106th

• Answer: Option (a) — 106th
• India ranked 106th of 179 countries on V-Dem's Electoral Democracy Index.
• Revision note — V-Dem Electoral Democracy Index
• Report: Democracy Report 2026 (18 March 2026)
• India's category: Electoral autocracy (since 2017)
• LDI rank: 105th, down from 100th
• V-Dem base: University of Gothenburg, Sweden

Answer: (c) 131st

• Answer: Option (c) — 131st
• India ranked 131st among 145 countries in WEF's Global Gender Gap Index 2026.
• Revision note — Global Gender Gap Index 2026
• Top rank: Iceland (93% gap closed)
• Last rank: Chad
• India's score: 64.5%; rank unchanged at 131
• WEF headquarters: Cologny (Geneva), Switzerland

Answer: (b) Lucknow

• Answer: Option (b) — Lucknow
• Lucknow topped Swachh Vayu Survekshan 2026 in the million-plus category, beating Indore by one point.
• Revision note — Swachh Vayu Survekshan 2026
• Top three scores: Lucknow 198, Indore 197, Jabalpur 195
• 3–10 lakh category: Rourkela (Odisha) ranked first
• Parent programme: National Clean Air Programme (NCAP), launched 2019
• Ministry: Environment, Forest and Climate Change

Answer: (b) Kumik Village

• Answer: Option (b) — Kumik Village
• Kumik in Zanskar became Ladakh's first designated Heritage Village on 15 September 2026.
• Revision note — Ladakh's first Heritage Village
• Declared by: Lt Governor Vinai Kumar Saxena
• Region: Zanskar, Ladakh
• Known for: Kanjur Buddhist manuscripts, traditional mud houses
• Ladakh UT formed: 31 October 2019

Answer: (c) Telangana

• Answer: Option (c) — Telangana
• Kakatiya-era Gollala Gudi temple at Palampet, Telangana is now a monument of national importance.
• Revision note — Gollala Gudi Temple
• Location: Palampet, Mulugu district, Telangana
• Gazette notification: 31 August 2026
• Nearby site: Ramappa Temple (UNESCO World Heritage Site)
• Temple type: Trikutalaya (three sanctums)

Answer: (d) Gondhal

• Answer: Option (d) — Gondhal
• Marathi film 'Gondhal' is India's official entry for the 99th Oscars (2027).
• Revision note — India's entry for the 99th Oscars
• Director: Santosh Davakhar
• Selected by: Film Federation of India (33 films considered)
• Jury chair: P. Sheshadri (Kannada filmmaker)
• Previous entry: Homebound (Neeraj Ghaywan)

Answer: (a) Purana Qila, New Delhi

• Answer: Option (a) — Purana Qila, New Delhi
• Ministry of Culture held 'Aashirwad ka Diya' at Purana Qila, New Delhi on 17 September 2026.
• Revision note — 'Aashirwad ka Diya' event
• Occasion: PM Narendra Modi's birthday (17 September)
• Inaugurated by: Culture Minister Gajendra Singh Shekhawat
• Campaign: Seva Sankalp Abhiyan
• Purana Qila: Built by Humayun and Sher Shah Suri

Answer: (d) Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh

• Answer: Option (d) — Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh
• India's first world-class Geological Museum will come up at Bhedaghat-Lamhetaghat, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh.
• Revision note — India's first world-class Geological Museum
• Site: Bhedaghat-Lamhetaghat area, Jabalpur
• Cost and area: ₹87 crore; about 12 hectares
• Scheme: Swadesh Darshan 2.0
• Implementing agency: Madhya Pradesh Tourism Board

Answer: (a) Bengaluru

• Answer: Option (a) — Bengaluru
• UGC gave Birkbeck, University of London final approval for its first overseas campus in Bengaluru.
• Revision note — Foreign university campuses in India
• Letter of Approval: 3 September 2026
• Birkbeck founded: 1823, London
• UGC regulations: Foreign Higher Educational Institutions Regulations, 2023
• Courses: Business management and business analytics

Answer: (d) Jawaharlal Nehru Port Trust (Maharashtra) to Varnama (Vadodara, Gujarat)

• Answer: Option (d) — Jawaharlal Nehru Port Trust (Maharashtra) to Varnama (Vadodara, Gujarat)
• First long-haul double-stack container train ran from JNPT to Varnama (Vadodara) on 21 August 2026.
• Revision note — Double-stack long-haul container train
• Capacity: 360 TEUs
• Train length: 1.3 km
• Distance: 422 km
• Corridor: Western Dedicated Freight Corridor (WDFC)

Answer: (b) Sabarmati Railway Station, Gujarat

• Answer: Option (b) — Sabarmati Railway Station, Gujarat
• Amit Shah flagged off India's first LNG-powered dual-fuel train from Sabarmati on 27 September 2026.
• Revision note — India's first LNG dual-fuel train
• Fuel system: Diesel + LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas)
• Diesel replaced: LNG replaces up to about 40%
• Range: About 1,600 km per LNG fill
• Railway zone: Western Railway (HQ: Mumbai)

Answer: (a) 15 September

• Answer: Option (a) — 15 September
• National Engineers' Day is observed on 15 September, Sir M. Visvesvaraya's birth anniversary.
• Revision note — National Engineers' Day
• In honour of: Sir M. Visvesvaraya, born 15 September 1861
• Birthplace: Muddenahalli, Karnataka
• Bharat Ratna: Awarded in 1955
• Known for: KRS Dam on Cauvery; Diwan of Mysore 1912-1918

Answer: (d) New Delhi, India

• Answer: Option (d) — New Delhi, India
• The 18th BRICS Summit was held in New Delhi on 12-13 September 2026 under India's chairship.
• Revision note — 18th BRICS Summit
• Venue: Bharat Mandapam, New Delhi
• Theme: Building for Resilience, Innovation, Cooperation and Sustainability
• India's chairship: Fourth time: 2012, 2016, 2021, 2026
• Outcome: New Delhi Declaration adopted; 11 member nations

Answer: (c) Lahore, Pakistan

• Answer: Option (c) — Lahore, Pakistan
• Lahore, Pakistan was named the SCO Tourism and Cultural Capital for 2026-27.
• Revision note — SCO Tourism and Cultural Capital
• Announced at: 26th SCO Summit, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
• Previous holder: Cholpon-Ata, Kyrgyzstan (2025-26)
• First holder: Varanasi, India (2022-23)
• SCO chair 2026-27: Pakistan

Answer: (d) Narendra Modi

• Answer: Option (d) — Narendra Modi
• PM Narendra Modi represented India at the 26th SCO Summit in Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan.
• Revision note — 26th SCO Summit
• Summit dates: 31 August - 1 September 2026
• Chaired by: Kyrgyz President Sadyr Japarov
• Main outcome: Bishkek Declaration; SCO's 25th anniversary
• India's membership: Full member of SCO since 2017

Answer: (b) English

• Answer: Option (b) — English
• English was approved as the third official and working language of the SCO.
• Revision note — SCO official languages
• Existing languages: Russian and Chinese
• Approved at: 26th SCO Summit, Bishkek, 1 September 2026
• How: Protocol amending the SCO Charter
• SCO Secretariat: Beijing, China; SCO founded in 2001

Answer: (d) Greenland

• Answer: Option (d) — Greenland
• The US signed a security agreement on Greenland with Denmark and Greenland in September 2026.
• Revision note — Greenland security agreement
• Signed on: 22 September 2026, UN General Assembly, New York
• Signatories: Donald Trump, Mette Frederiksen, Jens-Frederik Nielsen
• Sovereignty: Remains with Denmark and Greenland
• US base: Pituffik Space Base; Greenland's capital is Nuuk

Answer: (c) Liberia

• Answer: Option (c) — Liberia
• India and Liberia launched a UN Group of Friends on shipping and seafarers' safety.
• Revision note — Group of Friends on shipping and seafarers
• Launched on: 25 September 2026, during 81st UN General Assembly
• Full name: GoF on Safety & Security of Shipping & Seafarers
• Launched by: S. Jaishankar and Liberia's Sara Beysolow Nyanti
• Why Liberia: World's largest ship registry by tonnage

Answer: (b) Netherlands

• Answer: Option (b) — Netherlands
• India and the Netherlands signed two MoUs for technical cooperation on Gujarat's Kalpasar Project.
• Revision note — Kalpasar Project
• Signed on: 24 September 2026, 9th India International Water Week
• Project: Freshwater reservoir in the Gulf of Khambhat
• Rivers: Sabarmati, Mahi, Dhadhar, plus Narmada water
• Dutch partners: Deltares and TU Delft

Answer: (a) New Delhi

• Answer: Option (a) — New Delhi
• The Supreme Court of India hosted the BRICS Chief Justices' Forum in New Delhi.
• Revision note — BRICS Chief Justices' Forum
• Dates: 4-6 September 2026
• Chief Justice: CJI Justice Surya Kant
• Key topics: Mediation, arbitration, AI in judiciary, sustainable development
• Context: India holds the BRICS chairship in 2026