Home › GK Questions Asked › RRB Group D 2025-26 › 17 August 2026 Shift 1

RRB Group D 2025-26 17 August 2026 Shift 1 GK Questions – with answers & solutions

All 43 GK / GS questions asked in RRB Group D 2025-26 on 17 August 2026 Shift 1, with correct answers and short solutions, subject-wise: Current Affairs, Economics, Static GK, Physics, Biology, Chemistry.

📚 43 questions🗓️ 17 August 2026⏰ Shift 1
हिंदी में पढ़ें📥 Full paper PDF
Subjects: Current Affairs (17) · Economics (2) · Static GK (1) · Physics (9) · Biology (6) · Chemistry (7) · Geography (1)

Current Affairs (17)

Sports - Current · Tournaments and winners

Q1. Which chess player won the bronze medal at the 2025 FIDE World Blitz Chess Championship held in Doha in December 2025?

  1. (a) Wesley So
  2. (b) Arjun Erigaisi
  3. (c) Magnus Carlsen
  4. (d) Nodirbek Abdusattorov
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Arjun Erigaisi

2025 FIDE World Blitz Chess Championship
The 2025 FIDE World Rapid and Blitz Chess Championships were held in Doha, Qatar (December 25-31, 2025).Magnus Carlsenwon the World Blitz title (gold), while Indian GrandmasterArjun Erigaisiwon the bronze medal after losing in the semifinal.
• Gold: Magnus Carlsen (Norway)
• Bronze: Arjun Erigaisi (India)
• PM Modi and other officials congratulated Arjun Erigaisi for his bronze medal win, as reported by PIB and multiple news outlets.
Correct Answer: Arjun Erigaisi (Option 2)
Economy, Banking and Business · RBI and banking updates

Q2. In January 2026, the Delhi Government signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with which banking institution to act as its banker and debt manager?

  1. (a) Export-Import Bank of India (EXIM Bank)
  2. (b) Reserve Bank of India (RBI)
  3. (c) National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD)
  4. (d) State Bank of India (SBI)
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Reserve Bank of India (RBI)

Delhi Government - RBI MoU
In January 2026 (signed around January 5-6, 2026), theDelhi Government signed an MoU with the Reserve Bank of India (RBI)to formally bring Delhi into the RBI's full banking and debt management framework. Under this MoU, RBI acts as Delhi's banker and debt manager (effective from January 9, 2026), managing the Delhi government's borrowings, cash flows, and market debt for infrastructure financing.
Correct Answer: Reserve Bank of India (RBI) (Option 2)
Books, Obituaries and Days - Current · Days and themes - current year

Q3. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), what was the theme of World AIDS Day observed on December 1, 2025?

  1. (a) Overcoming disruption, transforming the AIDS response
  2. (b) Hope and Progress: Fighting HIV Together
  3. (c) United for a World Without AIDS
  4. (d) Ending AIDS: A Global Commitment
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Overcoming disruption, transforming the AIDS response

World AIDS Day 2025 Theme
World AIDS Day was observed on December 1, 2025 with the theme"Overcoming disruption, transforming the AIDS response", as confirmed by WHO, UNAIDS, and UNDP publications for the occasion.
Correct Answer: Overcoming disruption, transforming the AIDS response (Option 1)
National Affairs and Government Initiatives · National elections and census updates

Q4. After the 2026 assembly election results, in which state did the INC-led United Democratic Front (UDF) return to power after almost a decade?

  1. (a) Kerala
  2. (b) Andhra Pradesh
  3. (c) Karnataka
  4. (d) Tamil Nadu
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Kerala

Kerala 2026 Assembly Election
In the 2026 Kerala Legislative Assembly election, the Congress-ledUnited Democratic Front (UDF)crossed the majority mark and returned to power, ending a decade of LDF (Left Democratic Front) rule that began in 2016. This was confirmed by news reports including DD News ("Assembly polls 2026: UDF crosses majority mark in Kerala").
Correct Answer: Kerala (Option 1)
Sports - Current · Records and achievements

Q5. Which tennis player had won the men's singles title at the Australian Open 2026 and became the youngest male player to complete the career Grand Slam?

  1. (a) Jannik Sinner
  2. (b) Carlos Alcaraz
  3. (c) Novak Djokovic
  4. (d) Daniil Medvedev
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Carlos Alcaraz

Australian Open 2026 - Men's Singles
Carlos Alcarazdefeated Novak Djokovic in the final of the Australian Open 2026 (February 1, 2026) to win the men's singles title, thereby completing the career Grand Slam and becoming theyoungest male playerto achieve this feat, as reported by ESPN, Al Jazeera, and other major outlets.
Correct Answer: Carlos Alcaraz (Option 2)
International Affairs and Summits · Bilateral agreements and visits

Q6. Which two countries signed an agreement in 2025 concerning the sovereignty of the Chagos Archipelago?

  1. (a) United States and Mauritius
  2. (b) India and Maldives
  3. (c) France and Seychelles
  4. (d) United Kingdom and Mauritius
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) United Kingdom and Mauritius

Chagos Archipelago Sovereignty Agreement
In 2025, theUnited Kingdom and Mauritiussigned a treaty under which the UK agreed to cede sovereignty over the Chagos Archipelago (including Diego Garcia) to Mauritius, while retaining long-term control of the strategic Diego Garcia military base on lease. This was confirmed by the UK House of Commons/Lords Library briefings and multiple news sources.
Correct Answer: United Kingdom and Mauritius (Option 4)
Sports - Current · Records and achievements

Q7. Which force’s first all-women expedition team successfully scaled Mount Everest in 2026, receiving congratulations from Union Minister Jitendra Singh?

  1. (a) Sashastra Seema Bal
  2. (b) Central Reserve Police Force
  3. (c) Border Security Force
  4. (d) Indo-Tibetan Border Police
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) Indo-Tibetan Border Police

ITBP All-Women Everest Expedition
TheIndo-Tibetan Border Police (ITBP)'s first all-women expedition team successfully scaled Mount Everest in 2026, creating history in high-altitude mountaineering. Union Minister Dr. Jitendra Singh congratulated the team, as reported by the Daily Pioneer and other outlets.
Correct Answer: Indo-Tibetan Border Police (Option 4)

Q8. Which important social justice legislation was passed during the Budget Session 2026?

  1. (a) Uniform Agricultural Land Redistribution and Rehabilitation Bill, 2026
  2. (b) National Digital Privacy and Electoral Authentication Act, 2026
  3. (c) Transgender Persons Protection of Rights Amendment Bill, 2026
  4. (d) National Urban Migration Regulation and Housing Equity Bill, 2026
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Transgender Persons Protection of Rights Amendment Bill, 2026

Budget Session 2026 - Social Justice Legislation
During the Budget Session 2026, Parliament passed theTransgender Persons (Protection of Rights) Amendment Bill, 2026(Rajya Sabha approved it around March 25-26, 2026), an important social justice legislation amending the Transgender Persons (Protection of Rights) Act, 2019.
Correct Answer: Transgender Persons Protection of Rights Amendment Bill, 2026 (Option 3)

Q9. According to the Supreme Court's 2026 ruling on trafficking and commercial sexual exploitation of minors, traffickers may be prosecuted under the Protection of Children from Sexual Offences (POCSO) Act in addition to which combination of laws?

  1. (a) Juvenile Justice Act and Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam
  2. (b) Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita and Immoral Traffic (Prevention) Act
  3. (c) Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita and Juvenile Justice Act
  4. (d) Information Technology Act and Immoral Traffic (Prevention) Act
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita and Immoral Traffic (Prevention) Act

Supreme Court Ruling on Child Trafficking (2026)
In its 2026 ruling on trafficking and commercial sexual exploitation (CSE) of minors, the Supreme Court held that when the victim is a child, thePOCSO Actmay apply alongsideSections 143 and 144 of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS)and/or the provisions of theImmoral Traffic (Prevention) Act (ITPA). The Court emphasized that 'no single piece of legislation operates in isolation' and a holistic legal framework must be applied.
Correct Answer: Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita and Immoral Traffic (Prevention) Act (Option 2)
National Affairs and Government Initiatives · National events and launches

Q10. Which of the following Northeast cities was selected for the inauguration of the Integrated Multipurpose Indoor Sports Complex in May 2026?

  1. (a) Kohima
  2. (b) Shillong
  3. (c) Agartala
  4. (d) Imphal
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Shillong

Integrated Multipurpose Indoor Sports Complex
In May 2026, Union Sports Minister Mansukh Mandaviya inaugurated a ₹132.9-croreIntegrated Multipurpose Indoor Sports Complex/Hall in Shillong, Meghalaya, also reviewing preparations for the upcoming National Games in the region.
Correct Answer: Shillong (Option 2)
National Affairs and Government Initiatives · National events and launches

Q11. On February 14, 2026, the Ministry of Women and Child Development organised the National Conference on Safety of Women at Workplace at Vigyan Bhawan, New Delhi. The conference was associated with which platform?

  1. (a) SHe-Box
  2. (b) Beti Bachao Dashboard
  3. (c) Nari Shakti Portal
  4. (d) Mission Poshan Tracker
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) SHe-Box

National Conference on Safety of Women at Workplace
On February 14, 2026, the Ministry of Women and Child Development organised the 'National Conference on Safety of Women at Workplace' at Vigyan Bhawan, New Delhi, focused on theSHe-Box(Sexual Harassment electronic Box) platform, aiming to strengthen PoSH (Prevention of Sexual Harassment) mechanisms and reaffirm commitment to safe, dignified workplaces for women.
Correct Answer: SHe-Box (Option 1)
Science, Technology and Space - Current · Technology launches and AI

Q12. In December 2025, Armed Forces Medical Services in collaboration with eHealth AI Unit of the Ministry of Health & Family Welfare (MoHFW) launched the country’s first AI-assisted screening programme for which disease?

  1. (a) Tuberculosis
  2. (b) Diabetic Retinopathy
  3. (c) Breast Cancer
  4. (d) Stroke
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Diabetic Retinopathy

AFMS AI-Assisted Screening Programme
In December 2025, the Armed Forces Medical Services (AFMS), in collaboration with the eHealth AI Unit of MoHFW, launched India's first AI-driven community screening programme called'MadhuNetrAI'forDiabetic Retinopathy, an eye complication of diabetes.
Correct Answer: Diabetic Retinopathy (Option 2)
Reports, Indices and Rankings · Global indices and India's rank

Q13. According to the Germanwatch Climate Risk Index 2026, which assesses climate-related impacts for the period 1995–2024, what rank did India secure?

  1. (a) 7ᵗʰ
  2. (b) 12ᵗʰ
  3. (c) 5ᵗʰ
  4. (d) 9ᵗʰ
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) 9ᵗʰ

Germanwatch Climate Risk Index 2026
According to the Germanwatch Climate Risk Index (CRI) 2026, which assessed climate-related impacts (extreme weather losses) for the period 1995-2024,India was ranked 9thamong the most climate-affected nations, as confirmed by multiple 2026 news and analysis sources (Utkarsh, House of UPSC, Vision IAS).
Correct Answer: 9th (Option 4)
National Affairs and Government Initiatives · National events and launches

Q14. On May 2, 2026, India launched an indigenous Cell Broadcast System (CBS) for disaster alerts. Which organisation developed this technology?

  1. (a) C-DOT (Centre for Development of Telematics)
  2. (b) ISRO (Indian Space Research Organisation)
  3. (c) DRDO (Defence Research and Development Organisation)
  4. (d) TRAI (Telecom Regulatory Authority of India)
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) C-DOT (Centre for Development of Telematics)

Indigenous Cell Broadcast System
On May 2, 2026, the Government of India (Union Home Minister Amit Shah along with Communications Minister Jyotiraditya Scindia) launched the nationwide indigenousCell Broadcast System (CBS)for geo-targeted disaster alerts. This technology was developed byC-DOT (Centre for Development of Telematics), which had earlier won the SKOCH Award 2025 for its Cell Broadcast solution.
Correct Answer: C-DOT (Centre for Development of Telematics) (Option 1)
Awards and Honours - Current · International awards - current

Q15. Which novel won the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction in 2026 for its World War I narrative blending allegory, magical realism, and science fiction?

  1. (a) Trust
  2. (b) Angel Down
  3. (c) Demon Copperhead
  4. (d) The Heaven and Earth Grocery Store
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Angel Down

Pulitzer Prize for Fiction 2026
The 2026 Pulitzer Prize for Fiction was awarded to'Angel Down'by Daniel Kraus, a World War I narrative blending allegory, magical realism, and science fiction elements, as confirmed by the official Pulitzer Prize website and NPR's coverage of the 2026 winners.
Correct Answer: Angel Down (Option 2)
National Affairs and Government Initiatives · National events and launches

Q16. Which policy think tank and administrative body of the Government of India was in the news in May 2026 for launching the Central Prabhari Officer (CPO) Portal to strengthen real-time governance and last-mile delivery in Aspirational Districts and Blocks?

  1. (a) NITI Aayog
  2. (b) Union Public Service Commission
  3. (c) Election Commission of India
  4. (d) Finance Commission
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) NITI Aayog

Central Prabhari Officer (CPO) Portal
In May 2026,NITI Aayoglaunched the Central Prabhari Officer (CPO) Portal to strengthen real-time governance and improve last-mile delivery of schemes in Aspirational Districts and Blocks, as confirmed by the official NITI Aayog website and PIB press release.
Correct Answer: NITI Aayog (Option 1)
Sports - Current · Venues and hosts

Q17. The 60th National Cross Country Championships held on 24 January 2026 was organized in which city?

  1. (a) Bhopal
  2. (b) Ranchi
  3. (c) Patiala
  4. (d) Guwahati
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Ranchi

60th National Cross Country Championships
The 60th National Cross Country Championships 2026, organised by the Athletics Federation of India, was held on 24 January 2026 inRanchi, Jharkhand, as confirmed by the Athletics Federation of India's official circulars and results, and news coverage (Voice of Ladakh, Devdiscourse).
Correct Answer: Ranchi (Option 2)

Economics (2)

Poverty, Unemployment and Human Development · Sustainable Development Goals

Q18. According to the MoSPI bulletin "Planet in Focus," which specific Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) represents India's progress in clean water and sanitation in 2026?

  1. (a) SDG 5
  2. (b) SDG 7
  3. (c) SDG 6
  4. (d) SDG 8
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) SDG 6

MoSPI 'Planet in Focus' Bulletin - SDGs
MoSPI (Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation) released SDG bulletins including 'Planet in Focus,' tracking India's progress on environment-related Sustainable Development Goals.SDG 6is globally designated as "Clean Water and Sanitation," and India's progress on this goal is reported under SDG 6 in the bulletin.
Correct Answer: SDG 6 (Option 3)
External Sector and International Economic Organisations · Economic groupings (BRICS, G20, ASEAN)

Q19. India assumed the Chairship of which international grouping for the year 2026?

  1. (a) OECD
  2. (b) ASEAN
  3. (c) BRICS
  4. (d) G7
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) BRICS

India's BRICS Chairship 2026
India officially assumed theChairship of BRICSfor the year 2026 (from January 1, 2026), hosting related events such as the BRICS Sherpa meeting in New Delhi, with the theme 'Building for Resilience, Innovation, Cooperation and Sustainability.'
Correct Answer: BRICS (Option 3)

Static GK (1)

Important Days and Themes · National days

Q20. In which month did the Grand Finale of the 63rd National Maritime Day Celebrations take place in Mumbai in 2026?

  1. (a) April
  2. (b) March
  3. (c) January
  4. (d) February
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) April

63rd National Maritime Day Celebrations
The Grand Finale of the 63rd National Maritime Day Celebrations 2026, marking the culmination of Merchant Navy Week, was held onApril 5, 2026at the Bharatratnam Auditorium, Andheri, Mumbai, as confirmed by the official PIB press release.
Correct Answer: April (Option 1)

Physics (9)

Work, Energy and Power · Work and its sign

Q21. A force of 300 N acts on an object. If displacement becomes three times larger while force remains constant, work done ____.

  1. (a) becomes three times
  2. (b) becomes one-third
  3. (c) becomes nine times
  4. (d) remains same
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) becomes three times

Work Done and Displacement
Work done,W = F × d, where F is the applied force and d is the displacement in the direction of the force.
Since the force (300 N) remainsconstantand the displacement becomes three times larger, W = F × (3d) = 3 × (F × d). So the new work done isthree timesthe original work done.
Correct Answer: becomes three times
Light - Refraction and Lenses · Refractive index and optical density

Q22. A student observes a pencil half-immersed in water (refractive index 1.33) and notices the apparent bending is less than when the pencil is in a liquid with refractive index 1.5. What does this suggest about the relationship between refractive index and light bending?

  1. (a) Refractive index has no effect on bending
  2. (b) Greater refractive index reduces bending
  3. (c) Bending is same for all liquids
  4. (d) Greater refractive index increases bending
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) Greater refractive index increases bending

Refractive Index and Bending of Light
The amount of bending (refraction) of light at an interface increases with therefractive indexof the medium. A denser medium (higher refractive index) bends light rays more strongly toward the normal.
Since water (n = 1.33) showslessapparent bending than a liquid with n = 1.5, this confirms that agreater refractive index causes greater bendingof light — i.e., refractive index and bending are directly related.
Correct Answer: Greater refractive index increases bending
Sound and Waves · Nature and types of waves (longitudinal, transverse)

Q23. Which of the following statements best explains why sound can NOT travel through a vacuum?

  1. (a) Sound travels faster in a vacuum because there are no obstacles.
  2. (b) Sound waves in a vacuum change their pitch to inaudible levels.
  3. (c) Sound needs light to travel, and a vacuum lacks light.
  4. (d) Sound requires particles to transfer energy, but a vacuum has no particles.
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) Sound requires particles to transfer energy, but a vacuum has no particles.

Sound Needs a Material Medium
Sound is amechanical wave— it propagates by the vibration of particles of the medium (solid, liquid, or gas), transferring energy from one particle to the next through collisions/oscillations.
Avacuum has no particles, so there is nothing to vibrate and carry the sound energy forward. Hence sound cannot travel through a vacuum. (This is unlike light, which is an electromagnetic wave and travels through vacuum.)
Correct Answer: Sound requires particles to transfer energy, but a vacuum has no particles.
Magnetism and Magnetic Effects of Current · Force on a current-carrying conductor and Fleming's left-hand rule

Q24. In Fleming's Left Hand Rule, which finger represents the direction of the magnetic field?

  1. (a) The ring finger
  2. (b) The thumb
  3. (c) The index finger
  4. (d) The middle finger
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) The index finger

Fleming's Left Hand Rule
In Fleming's Left Hand Rule, the thumb, the index (fore) finger, and the middle finger are stretched mutually perpendicular to each other, representing:
• Thumb → direction of Motion/Force on the conductor
• Index (fore) finger → direction of the Magnetic Field
• Middle finger → direction of Current
A common mnemonic: 'FBI' (Force–thumb, Field–first finger, Current–middle finger).
Correct Answer: The index finger
Sound and Waves · Reflection of sound, echo and reverberation

Q25. Which of the following actions would most effectively reduce reverberation in a large auditorium?

  1. (a) Removing some of the seats in the auditorium
  2. (b) Painting the walls with regular paint
  3. (c) Adding more loudspeakers to the auditorium
  4. (d) Installing curtains and carpets throughout the space
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) Installing curtains and carpets throughout the space

Reducing Reverberation
Reverberation is caused by multiple reflections of sound off hard surfaces, causing prolonged persistence of sound. It is reduced by usingsound-absorbing materialson walls, floors and ceilings.
Installingcurtains and carpetsthroughout the auditorium increases sound absorption significantly, cutting down reflected sound and reducing reverberation time. Regular paint and loudspeakers do not absorb sound, and removing seats would actually reduce absorption (seats/audience absorb sound).
Correct Answer: Installing curtains and carpets throughout the space
Work, Energy and Power · Numericals on work, energy and power

Q26. A force of 45 N causes an object to move 3 m in the direction of the force. Calculate the work done.

  1. (a) 145 J
  2. (b) 125 J
  3. (c) 135 J
  4. (d) 155 J
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) 135 J

Calculating Work Done
Work done, W = F × d = 45 N × 3 m =135 J.
Correct Answer: 135 J
Motion · Numericals on motion

Q27. If a person walks 5 meters east, then 12 meters west along a straight path, which value represents the magnitude of the person’s displacement?

  1. (a) 12 meters
  2. (b) 17 meters
  3. (c) 7 meters
  4. (d) 5 meters
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) 7 meters

Magnitude of Displacement
Taking east as positive: the person walks +5 m (east), then −12 m (west). Net displacement = 5 − 12 = −7 m, i.e., 7 m towards the west.
Themagnitudeof displacement (distance and direction ignored, only size) is7 meters.
Correct Answer: 7 meters
Force and Laws of Motion · Newton's second law and momentum

Q28. A 0.6 kg soccer ball and a 1.0 kg basketball are kicked with the same acceleration. Which will experience a greater force, according to Newton's second law?

  1. (a) The ball with higher acceleration, regardless of mass
  2. (b) Both experience the same force
  3. (c) The soccer ball, because it is lighter
  4. (d) The basketball, because it has greater mass
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) The basketball, because it has greater mass

Newton's Second Law: Force and Mass
Newton's second law:F = m × a. When acceleration is the same for both balls, the force required is directly proportional to mass.
The basketball (1.0 kg) has a greater mass than the soccer ball (0.6 kg), so for the same acceleration, the basketball requires/experiences agreater force(F_basketball = 1.0a > F_soccer = 0.6a).
Correct Answer: The basketball, because it has greater mass
Electricity · Potential difference and EMF

Q29. The potential difference between two points in a circuit is 1 volt if:

  1. (a) 1 ampere current flows for 1 second
  2. (b) 1 coulomb of charge flows through a resistance of 1 ohm
  3. (c) 1 joule of work is done in moving 1 coulomb of charge
  4. (d) 1 joule of energy is consumed in 1 second
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) 1 joule of work is done in moving 1 coulomb of charge

Definition of Potential Difference (Volt)
Potential difference (V) between two points is defined as the work done (W) in moving a unit positive charge (Q) from one point to the other:V = W/Q.
The potential difference is1 voltwhen1 joule of work is done in moving 1 coulomb of chargebetween the two points (1 V = 1 J/C).
Correct Answer: 1 joule of work is done in moving 1 coulomb of charge

Biology (6)

Tissues · Permanent plant tissues (simple and complex)

Q30. Which plant tissue is dead at maturity but functional for transport of water and minerals?

  1. (a) Phloem
  2. (b) Parenchyma
  3. (c) Collenchyma
  4. (d) Xylem
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) Xylem

Xylem Tissue
Xylemis a complex permanent tissue made up of tracheids, vessels, xylem fibres and xylem parenchyma. Except for xylem parenchyma, the conducting cells (tracheids and vessels) aredead at maturity(they lack cytoplasm/nucleus), which allows unobstructed, continuous columns for water and mineral transport from roots to leaves.
• Phloem transports food (organic nutrients) and is largely made of living cells (sieve tubes, companion cells).
• Parenchyma and Collenchyma are living tissues involved in storage/photosynthesis and mechanical support respectively.
Correct Answer: Xylem
Ecology and Environment · Food chains and food webs

Q31. Which of the following best describes a food web?

  1. (a) Interconnections between trophic levels in several food chains
  2. (b) Relationship between producers in different food chains
  3. (c) Role of decomposers at multiple trophic levels in food chains
  4. (d) Bidirectional pathway of energy transfer in food chains
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Interconnections between trophic levels in several food chains

Definition of a Food Web
Afood webis a natural interconnection of multiple food chains within an ecosystem — many organisms feed on more than one type of organism, so several food chains overlap and connect at various trophic levels, forming a web-like structure rather than a single straight line.
This makes option 1 — 'interconnections between trophic levels in several food chains' — the accurate description, as opposed to a single food chain's linear flow.
Correct Answer: Interconnections between trophic levels in several food chains
Tissues · Permanent plant tissues (simple and complex)

Q32. Which simple permanent tissue in plants is mainly responsible for photosynthesis and storage of food?

  1. (a) Sclerenchyma
  2. (b) Parenchyma
  3. (c) Phloem
  4. (d) Collenchyma
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Parenchyma

Parenchyma Tissue
Parenchymais a simple permanent tissue made of living, thin-walled, loosely packed cells. It performs photosynthesis (when containing chloroplasts, called chlorenchyma) and stores food, water, and other nutrients in various plant parts (leaves, stems, fruits, roots).
• Sclerenchyma provides mechanical strength (dead cells, lignified walls).
• Phloem transports food (complex tissue, not simple).
• Collenchyma provides flexible mechanical support to growing plant parts.
Correct Answer: Parenchyma
Ecology and Environment · Trophic levels and the 10 percent law

Q33. In a garden ecosystem with rose plants, jasmine plants, insects, snake, and birds, which group captures solar energy and converts it into food for other organisms?

  1. (a) Rose plant only
  2. (b) Birds
  3. (c) Rose and Jasmine plants
  4. (d) Insects
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Rose and Jasmine plants

Producers in the Garden Ecosystem
In any ecosystem,green plants (producers)are the only organisms capable of capturing solar energy and converting it into chemical energy (food) via photosynthesis. All other organisms (herbivores, carnivores, etc.) depend directly or indirectly on this food.
In this garden ecosystem, both therose and jasmine plantsare green plants/producers, while insects, snake, and birds are consumers at various trophic levels.
Correct Answer: Rose and Jasmine plants
Control and Coordination · Brain - parts and functions

Q34. Salivation when seeing food is an example of which type of action?

  1. (a) Self-propagated
  2. (b) Planned
  3. (c) Voluntary
  4. (d) Involuntary
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) Involuntary

Salivation as a Reflex Action
Salivation on seeing/smelling food is an automatic, unconscious response controlled by the autonomic nervous system — it happens without conscious thought or decision-making. This makes it aninvoluntary action(a reflex response), similar to a conditioned reflex.
Correct Answer: Involuntary
Ecology and Environment · Pollution - effects on living beings

Q35. All of the following are consequences of overuse of nitrogen fertilisers, EXCEPT ______.

  1. (a) Fish death due to oxygen depletion
  2. (b) Algal bloom formation
  3. (c) Increased oxygen in water bodies
  4. (d) Soil and water degradation
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Increased oxygen in water bodies

Consequences of Excess Nitrogen Fertiliser Use
Overuse of nitrogen fertilisers leads to nutrient runoff into water bodies, causingeutrophication: excessive algal bloom growth, which on decomposition consumes dissolved oxygen, causingoxygen depletionand consequent fish deaths, along with overall soil and water quality degradation.
'Increased oxygen in water bodies' is the opposite of what actually happens (oxygen decreases, not increases), so this is the correct EXCEPT option — it is NOT a consequence of fertiliser overuse.
Correct Answer: Increased oxygen in water bodies

Chemistry (7)

Structure of Atom · Atomic number and mass number

Q36. Imagine a scientist is analyzing an unknown atom and finds it has a mass number of 24 and an atomic number of 12. If the atom gains two neutrons due to a nuclear reaction, what will be its new mass number?

  1. (a) 12
  2. (b) 24
  3. (c) 26
  4. (d) 14
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) 26

Mass Number After Gaining Neutrons
Mass number = number of protons + number of neutrons. The atom described (mass number 24, atomic number 12) is Magnesium-24, having 12 protons and 12 neutrons.
If it gainstwo more neutrons, the number of neutrons becomes 12 + 2 = 14, while the number of protons (atomic number) stays 12. New mass number = 12 (protons) + 14 (neutrons) =26.
Correct Answer: 26
Chemistry Miscellaneous · Branches of chemistry

Q37. The study of metals and their properties belongs to which branch of chemistry?

  1. (a) Biochemistry
  2. (b) Analytical chemistry
  3. (c) Inorganic chemistry
  4. (d) Physical chemistry
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Inorganic chemistry

Branch of Chemistry Dealing with Metals
Inorganic chemistrydeals with the properties and behaviour of inorganic compounds, including metals, minerals and metal-containing compounds (organometallic chemistry is a related sub-branch of inorganic chemistry).
• Biochemistry studies chemical processes in living organisms.
• Analytical chemistry deals with identification/quantification of substances.
• Physical chemistry studies physical principles underlying chemical systems.
Correct Answer: Inorganic chemistry
Chemical Reactions and Equations · Displacement reactions

Q38. Which visible change confirms displacement reaction when iron reacts with copper sulphate solution?

  1. (a) Solution temperature drops suddenly
  2. (b) Colourless gas evolves rapidly
  3. (c) White precipitate forms instantly
  4. (d) Reddish-brown copper deposits appear
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) Reddish-brown copper deposits appear

Displacement Reaction: Iron and Copper Sulphate
Reaction: Fe(s) + CuSO₄(aq) → FeSO₄(aq) + Cu(s). Iron, being more reactive than copper, displaces copper from copper sulphate solution.
The visible confirmation of this displacement reaction is the appearance ofreddish-brown copper metal depositson the iron surface, while the blue colour of the copper sulphate solution fades (turns pale green due to FeSO₄ formation).
Correct Answer: Reddish-brown copper deposits appear
Metals and Non-metals · Corrosion and its prevention (galvanisation, etc.)

Q39. Industrial machines made of steel often operate in moist environments. Which routine maintenance task is most effective in minimizing corrosion and ensuring machine longevity?

  1. (a) Applying lubricating oil on exposed parts
  2. (b) Covering machines with paper sheets
  3. (c) Spraying water on the machines
  4. (d) Wiping machines with dry towels
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Applying lubricating oil on exposed parts

Preventing Corrosion of Steel Machines
Corrosion (rusting) of steel/iron requires the simultaneous presence of moisture (water) and oxygen. Preventing contact between the metal surface and moist air stops rusting.
Applying lubricating oilon exposed metal parts forms a protective, water-repelling film that keeps out moisture and air, effectively minimizing corrosion — this is a standard, routine maintenance practice for machinery.
Correct Answer: Applying lubricating oil on exposed parts
Mixtures, Solutions and Separation · Separation techniques (distillation, chromatography, centrifugation, crystallisation)

Q40. A scientist wants to obtain pure solid iodine from its mixture with sand. Which change of temperature process should they use?

  1. (a) Freezing
  2. (b) Condensation
  3. (c) Sublimation
  4. (d) Melting
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Sublimation

Separating Iodine from Sand
Iodine sublimes— it changes directly from solid to vapour on heating, without passing through a liquid state, and re-solidifies (deposits) directly back to solid on cooling. Sand does not sublime.
So heating the mixture allows iodine vapours to rise and be collected/condensed separately as pure solid iodine on a cool surface, leaving sand behind — this technique is calledsublimation.
Correct Answer: Sublimation
Structure of Atom · Atomic number and mass number

Q41. Which of the following correctly defines the mass number of an atom?

  1. (a) Number of electrons plus neutrons
  2. (b) Number of protons only
  3. (c) Sum of protons and neutrons
  4. (d) Number of electrons only
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Sum of protons and neutrons

Mass Number Definition
Themass number (A)of an atom is defined as the total number of protons and neutrons (collectively called nucleons) present in the nucleus of the atom. It does not include electrons, since their mass is negligible.
Correct Answer: Sum of protons and neutrons
Chemistry Miscellaneous · Chemists and their discoveries

Q42. How did Friedrich Wöhler challenge the vital force theory of organic compound synthesis?

  1. (a) By extracting natural substances from living systems
  2. (b) By synthesizing carbon dioxide in the lab
  3. (c) By preparing urea from ammonium cyanate
  4. (d) By discovering the catenation property of carbon
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) By preparing urea from ammonium cyanate

Wöhler's Synthesis of Urea
The 'vital force theory' held that organic compounds could only be produced by living organisms through a mysterious 'vital force,' and could not be synthesised in a laboratory from inorganic substances.
In 1828,Friedrich Wöhlerdisproved this theory by synthesisingurea(an organic compound found in urine) by heatingammonium cyanate(an inorganic salt) in the laboratory, showing that organic compounds can be made from inorganic starting materials without any 'vital force'.
Correct Answer: By preparing urea from ammonium cyanate

Geography (1)

Geography Miscellaneous · Major domains of the Earth (lithosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere, biosphere)

Q43. A prolonged drought in a forest causes widespread plant death. Based on the Earth's interconnected spheres, a likely consequence of this is:

  1. (a) Immediate rise in nitrogen levels in rocks
  2. (b) Disrupted oxygen balance across spheres
  3. (c) Stable carbon dioxide levels in the biosphere
  4. (d) Increased oxygen production in the atmosphere
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Disrupted oxygen balance across spheres

Effect of Drought on Earth's Spheres
Earth's spheres (atmosphere, biosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere) are interconnected. Plants (biosphere) release oxygen into the atmosphere through photosynthesis. A prolonged drought causingwidespread plant deathsharply reduces photosynthetic oxygen production and plant biomass.
This directly disturbs the oxygen exchange/balance between the biosphere and atmosphere — i.e., adisrupted oxygen balance across spheres. The other options (rise in rock nitrogen, stable CO2, increased O2 production) are inconsistent with mass plant death.
Correct Answer: Disrupted oxygen balance across spheres
← 14 August 2026 Shift 3All shifts17 August 2026 Shift 2 →
📥 PDF of this paper (all subjects, English & Hindi): RRB Group D previous year papers PDF · ▶ Attempt previous year papers as free online tests · 🏆 Free live mock tests · 📰 Daily current affairs quiz