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RRB Group D 2025-26 5 August 2026 Shift 3 GK Questions – with answers & solutions

All 45 GK / GS questions asked in RRB Group D 2025-26 on 5 August 2026 Shift 3, with correct answers and short solutions, subject-wise: Current Affairs, Geography, Economics, Chemistry, Physics, Biology.

📚 45 questions🗓️ 5 August 2026⏰ Shift 3
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Subjects: Current Affairs (17) · Geography (1) · Economics (2) · Chemistry (8) · Physics (9) · Biology (8)

Current Affairs (17)

Reports, Indices and Rankings · Reports and their publishers

Q1. According to the NITI Aayog policy report released in May 2026, what does the recommended "Cylindrical" Schooling model primarily aim to fix within India's education infrastructure?

  1. (a) The "leaky pipeline" of student dropouts across transitions
  2. (b) The digital divide between urban and rural testing hubs
  3. (c) The shortage of administrative staff in regional ministries
  4. (d) The rising costs of higher education textbooks
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) The "leaky pipeline" of student dropouts across transitions

Answer: Option 1 — The "leaky pipeline" of student dropouts across transitions
NITI Aayog's "Cylindrical" schooling model aims to fix thedropout "leaky pipeline"→ Option 1. *(Verify against the official key.)*
Awards and Honours - Current · Sports and film awards - current

Q2. Which actor won the Academy Award for Best Actor at the 98th Academy Awards for portraying the twin characters Elijah and Elias Moore?

  1. (a) Michael B. Jordan
  2. (b) Paul Thomas Anderson
  3. (c) Ryan Coogler
  4. (d) Sean Penn
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Michael B. Jordan

Answer: Option 1 — Michael B. Jordan
Michael B. Jordanwon Best Actor at the 98th Academy Awards → Option 1. *(Verify against the official key.)*
Reports, Indices and Rankings · Reports and their publishers

Q3. What policy roadmap did NITI Aayog release in May 2026 regarding the school education system?

  1. (a) A roadmap for the privatization of all government schools
  2. (b) School Education System in India: Temporal Analysis and Policy Roadmap for Quality Enhancement
  3. (c) A policy to abolish the 10th and 12th board examinations
  4. (d) A mandate to replace English with regional languages as the sole medium of instruction
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) School Education System in India: Temporal Analysis and Policy Roadmap for Quality Enhancement

Answer: Option 2 — 'School Education System in India: Temporal Analysis and Policy Roadmap for Quality Enhancement'
This is the NITI Aayog report (May 2026) → Option 2. *(Verify against the official key.)*
Sports - Current · Records and achievements

Q4. On April 26, 2026, which Kenyan athlete broke the mythical two-hour barrier to set a new men’s marathon world record (1:59:30) at the London Marathon?

  1. (a) Yomif Kejelcha
  2. (b) Jacob Kiplimo
  3. (c) Eliud Kipchoge
  4. (d) Sabastian Sawe
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) Sabastian Sawe

Answer: Option 4 — Sabastian Sawe
Per the paper,Sabastian Saweset a sub-2-hour marathon world record (2026) → Option 4. *(2026 news item — cross-check with the official key/authentic source.)*
National Affairs and Government Initiatives · National elections and census updates

Q5. How many seats did All India Trinamool Congress (AITC) win in the general elections to the assembly constituencies of West Bengal in May 2026?

  1. (a) 80
  2. (b) 90
  3. (c) 70
  4. (d) 60
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) 80

Answer: Option 1 — 80
Per the paper, AITC won80seats in the 2026 West Bengal assembly election → Option 1. *(Verify against the official key.)*
Sports - Current · Tournaments and winners

Q6. Which of the following prominent Indian grandmasters led the club "SuperChess" to a historic team gold victory at the 40th European Chess Club Cup 2025?

  1. (a) Arjun Erigaisi
  2. (b) R Praggnanandhaa
  3. (c) Vidit Gujrathi
  4. (d) D Gukesh
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) D Gukesh

Answer: Option 4 — D Gukesh
D Gukeshled SuperChess to gold at the 40th European Chess Club Cup 2025 → Option 4. *(Verify against the official key.)*
Defence and Security - Current · Military exercises - current

Q7. Which edition of the bilateral maritime exercise between India and Japan took place during the Sea phase from October 16 to 18, 2025?

  1. (a) DHARMA GUARDIAN-25
  2. (b) JIMEX-24
  3. (c) SHINYUU MAITRI-25
  4. (d) JAIMEX-25
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) JAIMEX-25

Answer: Option 4 — JAIMEX-25
The India–Japan bilateral maritime exercise (Oct 2025) wasJAIMEX-25→ Option 4. *(Verify against the official key.)*
Reports, Indices and Rankings · National indices and rankings

Q8. Which Indian city was identified as the most polluted city in the March 2026 report released by the Centre for Research on Energy and Clean Air (CREA)?

  1. (a) Lucknow
  2. (b) Gurgaon
  3. (c) Jaipur
  4. (d) Kanpur
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Gurgaon

Answer: Option 2 — Gurgaon
CREA's March 2026 report namedGurgaonthe most polluted city → Option 2. *(Verify against the official key.)*
National Affairs and Government Initiatives · National events and launches

Q9. During the 'Viksit Bharat 2047' consultations in March 2026, a national body was tasked with coordinating inter-ministerial efforts on sustainable development goals. Which body took the lead in facilitating these collaborative sessions among ministries?

  1. (a) Department of Economic Affairs
  2. (b) Central Vigilance Commission
  3. (c) NITI Aayog
  4. (d) Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) NITI Aayog

Answer: Option 3 — NITI Aayog
NITI Aayogcoordinated the Viksit Bharat 2047 inter-ministerial SDG sessions → Option 3.
National Affairs and Government Initiatives · National events and launches

Q10. In January 2026, Asia's largest civil aviation event, Wings India 2026, was held in which city?

  1. (a) Delhi
  2. (b) Jaipur
  3. (c) Hyderabad
  4. (d) Bengaluru
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Hyderabad

Answer: Option 3 — Hyderabad
Wings India 2026was held in Hyderabad → Option 3.
Defence and Security - Current · Defence acquisitions and indigenous systems

Q11. Which of the following indigenous anti-tank missile system did DRDO successfully test in January 2026?

  1. (a) NAMICA
  2. (b) SANT
  3. (c) Nag Mk2
  4. (d) MPATGM
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) MPATGM

Answer: Option 4 — MPATGM
DRDO tested the indigenousMan-Portable Anti-Tank Guided Missile (MPATGM)in Jan 2026 → Option 4. *(Verify against the official key.)*
Sports - Current · Venues and hosts

Q12. In which country was the Stockholm Chess Talents Tournament 2026 held?

  1. (a) Sweden
  2. (b) Germany
  3. (c) Russia
  4. (d) Norway
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Sweden

Answer: Option 1 — Sweden
The Stockholm Chess Talents Tournament 2026 was held inSweden→ Option 1.
National Affairs and Government Initiatives · National events and launches

Q13. Which government initiative was celebrated during the 'Run for Sun' Marathon held on International Sun Day in May 2026, highlighting a major achievement in rooftop solar installations?

  1. (a) Green India Mission
  2. (b) National Solar Mission
  3. (c) Atal Jyoti Yojana
  4. (d) PM Surya Ghar: Muft Bijli Yojana
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) PM Surya Ghar: Muft Bijli Yojana

Answer: Option 4 — PM Surya Ghar: Muft Bijli Yojana
The 'Run for Sun' marathon celebrated rooftop-solar success underPM Surya Ghar→ Option 4. *(Verify against the official key.)*
Awards and Honours - Current · National awards - current

Q14. On the eve of the 77th Republic Day-2026, a significant gallantry award was approved for Group Captain Shubhanshu Shukla of the Air Force. Which award was conferred upon him for his service?

  1. (a) Param Vir Chakra
  2. (b) Kirti Chakra
  3. (c) Ashoka Chakra
  4. (d) Shaurya Chakra
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Ashoka Chakra

Answer: Option 3 — Ashoka Chakra
Group CaptainShubhanshu Shuklawas approved for theAshoka Chakra(Republic Day 2026) → Option 3. *(Verify against the official key.)*
Appointments and Resignations · National appointments

Q15. Who among the following was sworn in as the Chief Minister of Bihar in April 2026?

  1. (a) Nitish Kumar
  2. (b) Tej Pratap Yadav
  3. (c) Samrat Choudhary
  4. (d) Tejashwi Yadav
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Samrat Choudhary

Answer: Option 3 — Samrat Choudhary
Per the paper,Samrat Choudharywas sworn in as Bihar CM (April 2026) → Option 3. *(Verify against the official key.)*
Science, Technology and Space - Current · Technology launches and AI

Q16. Which company developed the new semiconductor facility in Salarpur, Khushkhera, which was virtually inaugurated by Union Minister Ashwini Vaishnaw on May 15, 2026?

  1. (a) Infosys
  2. (b) HCL Technologies
  3. (c) Tata Consultancy Services
  4. (d) Sahasra Semiconductors Pvt. Ltd.
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) Sahasra Semiconductors Pvt. Ltd.

Answer: Option 4 — Sahasra Semiconductors Pvt. Ltd.
Sahasra Semiconductorsdeveloped the Salarpur (Khushkhera) facility → Option 4. *(Verify against the official key.)*
Defence and Security - Current · Defence acquisitions and indigenous systems

Q17. Which AI-powered platforms were launched by Indian Army in May 2026 to improve battlefield decision-making, logistics, and operational efficiency?

  1. (a) Agniputra and R-FORCE
  2. (b) Bhima and D-FORCE
  3. (c) Kautilya and Q-FORCE
  4. (d) Krishna and B-FORCE
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Kautilya and Q-FORCE

Answer: Option 3 — Kautilya and Q-FORCE
The Indian Army launched AI platformsKautilya and Q-FORCE(May 2026) → Option 3. *(Verify against the official key.)*

Geography (1)

Environment and Protected Areas · Environmental conventions and protocols (Montreal, Kyoto, Paris, CBD)

Q18. The BBNJ High Seas Treaty, which entered into force in January 2026, is primarily intended to achieve which of the following objectives?

  1. (a) Allocation of exclusive fishing rights to coastal states in the high seas
  2. (b) Expansion of deep-sea mineral extraction without environmental restrictions
  3. (c) Conservation and sustainable use of marine biodiversity in areas beyond national jurisdiction
  4. (d) Regulation of international air traffic over maritime regions beyond territorial waters
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Conservation and sustainable use of marine biodiversity in areas beyond national jurisdiction

Answer: Option 3 — Conservation and sustainable use of marine biodiversity beyond national jurisdiction
TheBBNJ (High Seas) Treatyprotects marine biodiversity in areas beyond national jurisdiction → Option 3.

Economics (2)

Public Finance - Budget and Taxation · Union Budget - latest highlights

Q19. In the Union Budget 2026 presented in February, a major focus area was on infrastructure development. Which of the following sectors was specifically allocated increased funds to improve national connectivity and logistics?

  1. (a) Agriculture sector
  2. (b) Defence sector
  3. (c) Railways sector
  4. (d) Health sector
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Railways sector

Answer: Option 3 — Railways sector
The Budget 2026 boostedRailwaysfor connectivity and logistics → Option 3. *(Verify against the official key.)*
Public Finance - Budget and Taxation · Union Budget - latest highlights

Q20. What is the name of the mission announced during Union Budget 2026–27 with an objective of marking a major shift to a long-term, outcome-driven framework to transform India’s sports ecosystem?

  1. (a) Khelo Gaon Mission
  2. (b) Khelo India Mission
  3. (c) Khelo Dilse Mission
  4. (d) Khelo Mahabharath Mission
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Khelo India Mission

Answer: Option 2 — Khelo India Mission
The Budget 2026–27 announced the outcome-drivenKhelo India Mission→ Option 2. *(Verify against the official key.)*

Chemistry (8)

Periodic Classification of Elements · Periodic trends (atomic size, metallic character, electronegativity, ionisation energy)

Q21. Which statement best identifies a metalloid based on its properties?

  1. (a) It shows properties that are unrelated to metals and non-metals
  2. (b) It shows properties identical to non-metals in all conditions
  3. (c) It shows properties intermediate between metals and non-metals
  4. (d) It shows properties identical to metals in all conditions
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) It shows properties intermediate between metals and non-metals

Answer: Option 3 — Intermediate between metals and non-metals
Ametalloid(e.g., silicon, boron) shows propertiesin betweenthose of metals and non-metals → Option 3.
Carbon and its Compounds · Bonding in carbon and catenation

Q22. Which of the following properties of carbon leads to the formation of a large number of compounds?

  1. (a) Non flexibility
  2. (b) Combustibility and Ductility
  3. (c) Malleability and Sonority
  4. (d) Catenation and Tetravalency
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) Catenation and Tetravalency

Answer: Option 4 — Catenation and Tetravalency
Carbon forms a huge number of compounds due tocatenation(self-linking) andtetravalency(4 bonds) → Option 4.
Chemical Reactions and Equations · Decomposition reactions (thermal, electrolytic, photolytic)

Q23. Which energy source is essential to initiate most decomposition reactions successfully?

  1. (a) Mechanical stirring force
  2. (b) Atmospheric pressure alone
  3. (c) Presence of catalyst only
  4. (d) Heat, light or electrical energy
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) Heat, light or electrical energy

Answer: Option 4 — Heat, light or electrical energy
Decomposition reactions are driven byheat, light or electricity(thermal/photo/electrolytic) → Option 4.
Metals and Non-metals · Metallurgy - extraction and refining

Q24. Which of the following statements is CORRECT regarding the refining of metals?

  1. (a) Refining is only used for highly reactive metals.
  2. (b) Refining involves converting the ore to oxide form.
  3. (c) Refining is used to remove impurities from the extracted metal.
  4. (d) Refining is the process of extracting metal from its ore.
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Refining is used to remove impurities from the extracted metal.

Answer: Option 3 — Refining removes impurities from the extracted metal
Refiningis the final purification step that removes impurities from the extracted metal → Option 3.
Carbon and its Compounds · Chemical properties of carbon compounds (combustion, oxidation, addition, substitution)

Q25. Consider the conversion of ethanol (CH₃CH₂OH) to acetic acid (CH₃COOH) using acidified potassium dichromate:Statement I: This is an example of an oxidation reaction.Statement II: Acidified potassium dichromate is an oxidizing agent.Statement III: Acidified potassium dichromate is a reducing agent.Which of the following is correct?

  1. (a) Only I is true
  2. (b) I and III are true
  3. (c) II and III are true
  4. (d) I and II are true
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) I and II are true

Answer: Option 4 — I and II are true
Ethanol → acetic acid is anoxidation(I ✓); acidified K₂Cr₂O₇ is anoxidising agent(II ✓), not a reducing agent (III ✗) → Option 4.
Acids, Bases and Salts · Indicators (natural, synthetic, olfactory)

Q26. Which of the following is commonly used as an olfactory indicator?

  1. (a) Vanilla essence
  2. (b) Litmus
  3. (c) Methyl orange
  4. (d) Phenolphthalein
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Vanilla essence

Answer: Option 1 — Vanilla essence
Anolfactory indicatorchanges smell in acid/base — e.g.,vanilla essence→ Option 1.
Periodic Classification of Elements · Element facts (names, symbols, atomic numbers)

Q27. Which of the following statement(s) is/are true?Statement I: The symbol 'Ag' stands for gold.Statement II: The symbol 'Pb' represents lead.

  1. (a) Both statements are incorrect
  2. (b) Both statements are correct
  3. (c) Statement I is incorrect, Statement II is correct
  4. (d) Statement I is correct, Statement II is incorrect
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Statement I is incorrect, Statement II is correct

Answer: Option 3 — Statement I incorrect, Statement II correct
'Ag' issilver(not gold) — I is wrong. 'Pb' islead— II is correct → Option 3.
Metals and Non-metals · Ionic compounds and their properties

Q28. If a metal and a non-metal is mixed to form a compound, which type of charged species is most likely present, and how are they classified?

  1. (a) Ions; classified as cations and anions
  2. (b) Atoms; classified as protons and neutrons
  3. (c) Elements; classified as metals and non-metals
  4. (d) Molecules; classified as acids and bases
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Ions; classified as cations and anions

Answer: Option 1 — Ions; cations and anions
A metal + non-metal forms anionic compoundwithcations and anions→ Option 1.

Physics (9)

Electricity · Heating effect of current and Joule's law

Q29. Why is tungsten used as the filament material in electric bulbs?

  1. (a) It produces more heat than other metals at lower temperatures.
  2. (b) It reacts with nitrogen and argon to create a brighter light.
  3. (c) It has a high melting point and can withstand high temperatures without melting.
  4. (d) It is the cheapest metal available for manufacturing filaments.
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) It has a high melting point and can withstand high temperatures without melting.

Answer: Option 3 — High melting point, withstands high temperature without melting
Tungstenis chosen for filaments because of itsvery high melting point (~3400°C)→ Option 3.
Light - Refraction and Lenses · Convex lens - image formation and uses

Q30. A student places a candle beyond the center of curvature of a convex lens. What type of image is most likely to be formed on the other side of the lens?

  1. (a) A virtual and inverted image smaller than the object
  2. (b) A real and inverted image smaller than the object
  3. (c) A virtual and erect image larger than the object
  4. (d) A real and inverted image of the same size as the object
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) A real and inverted image smaller than the object

Answer: Option 2 — Real and inverted, smaller than the object
For a convex lens with the objectbeyond 2F (centre of curvature), the image isreal, inverted and diminished→ Option 2.
Light - Reflection and Mirrors · Concave mirror - image formation and uses

Q31. A student places a small candle between the center of curvature and the principal focus of a concave mirror. What type of image will be formed by the mirror according to the ray diagram rules?

  1. (a) Virtual, erect and enlarged image is produced behind the mirror
  2. (b) Real, inverted and enlarged image is produced beyond the center of curvature
  3. (c) Virtual, erect and diminished image is produced between pole and focus
  4. (d) Real, inverted and same size image is produced at the center of curvature
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Real, inverted and enlarged image is produced beyond the center of curvature

Answer: Option 2 — Real, inverted and enlarged, formed beyond C
For a concave mirror with the objectbetween C and F, the image isreal, inverted, enlarged and beyond C→ Option 2.
Work, Energy and Power · Conservation and transformation of energy

Q32. A roller coaster car relies solely on gravitational potential energy to travel along a track. Which engineering modification will most effectively maximize the maximum speed of the car at its lowest point?

  1. (a) Introducing a secondary hill of equivalent height
  2. (b) Decreasing the structural mass of the loaded car
  3. (c) Increasing the starting elevation of the first hill
  4. (d) Replacing the underlying track with wider rails
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Increasing the starting elevation of the first hill

Answer: Option 3 — Increasing the starting elevation of the first hill
Max speed at the bottom depends on theheight dropped(mgh → ½mv²), independent of mass. Raising the first hill increases speed most → Option 3.
Light - Refraction and Lenses · Laws of refraction and Snell's law

Q33. A student observes that the incident ray, the refracted ray, and the normal at the point of incidence all lie in one plane. Which law of refraction does this illustrate?

  1. (a) Law of dispersion
  2. (b) Second law of refraction
  3. (c) Law of superposition
  4. (d) First law of refraction
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) First law of refraction

Answer: Option 4 — First law of refraction
The incident ray, refracted ray and normal lying in one plane is thefirst law of refraction→ Option 4.
Work, Energy and Power · Simple machines and levers

Q34. In a simple machine, the force that must be overcome is called the _____.

  1. (a) Energy
  2. (b) Load
  3. (c) Power
  4. (d) Effort
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Load

Answer: Option 2 — Load
The resistance/force to be overcome in a machine is theload→ Option 2.
Force and Laws of Motion · Numericals on force and momentum

Q35. A car with a mass 2000 kg accelerates at 4 m/s². According to Newton's Second Law, what is the magnitude of the force applied to the car?

  1. (a) 1000 N
  2. (b) 2500 N
  3. (c) 500 N
  4. (d) 8000 N
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) 8000 N

Answer: Option 4 — 8000 N
F = ma = 2000 × 4 =8000 N→ Option 4.
Electricity · Electric current and its unit

Q36. What is the conventional direction of electric current in a metallic circuit?

  1. (a) From the negative terminal to the positive terminal
  2. (b) From the positive terminal to the negative terminal
  3. (c) Randomly between any two points
  4. (d) In the direction of electron movement
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) From the positive terminal to the negative terminal

Answer: Option 2 — From positive to negative terminal
Conventional current flows frompositive to negative(opposite to electron flow) → Option 2.
Motion · Speed and velocity

Q37. Which of the following describes an object moving with uniform motion along a straight line?

  1. (a) An object accelerating as it moves forward
  2. (b) An object traveling at a constant speed in one direction
  3. (c) An object changing direction at intervals
  4. (d) An object stopping and starting repeatedly
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) An object traveling at a constant speed in one direction

Answer: Option 2 — Constant speed in one direction
Uniform motion along a straight line =constant speed in one direction→ Option 2.

Biology (8)

Human Physiology - Respiration, Circulation and Excretion · Lymphatic system

Q38. A patient has difficulty transporting absorbed fats from the intestine. Which fluid's impaired function could cause this problem?

  1. (a) Lymph
  2. (b) Plasma
  3. (c) Blood cells
  4. (d) Platelets
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Lymph

Answer: Option 1 — Lymph
Lymphtransports absorbed fats (chylomicrons) from the intestine → Option 1.
Reproduction · Pollination and fertilisation in plants

Q39. Complete the analogy.Pollination : Transfer of Pollen :: Fertilisation : ______________________.

  1. (a) Fusion of gametes
  2. (b) Growth of stem
  3. (c) Absorption of water
  4. (d) Ripening of fruit
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Fusion of gametes

Answer: Option 1 — Fusion of gametes
Pollination = transfer of pollen;Fertilisation = fusion of male and female gametes→ Option 1.
Diversity and Classification of Living Organisms · Animal kingdom - chordates and vertebrate classes

Q40. After severe trauma, a bird develops difficulty in body support and movement. Which vertebrate system is primarily affected?

  1. (a) Internal skeletal framework
  2. (b) Simple digestive sac
  3. (c) Basic muscle bands
  4. (d) External gill arches
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Internal skeletal framework

Answer: Option 1 — Internal skeletal framework
Body support/movement in a bird is provided by itsinternal skeleton (endoskeleton)→ Option 1.
Tissues · Permanent plant tissues (simple and complex)

Q41. Why do most plant supportive tissues consist of dead cells, whereas animal supportive tissues are made up of living cells?

  1. (a) Plants do not require living cells at all
  2. (b) Dead cells in plants provide structural strength without requiring energy
  3. (c) Because dead cells divide faster in plants than in animals
  4. (d) Animal tissues are dead to avoid immune reactions
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Dead cells in plants provide structural strength without requiring energy

Answer: Option 2 — Dead cells in plants provide structural strength without requiring energy
Plant supportive tissues (e.g., sclerenchyma) are dead cells that givestrength with no energy cost→ Option 2.
Diversity and Classification of Living Organisms · Monera, Protista and Fungi

Q42. A patient has a chronic infection from a eukaryotic organism that reproduces via spores and has a chitin cell wall. Which type of organism is most likely responsible for this infection?

  1. (a) Algae
  2. (b) Fungus
  3. (c) Protozoa
  4. (d) Bacteria
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Fungus

Answer: Option 2 — Fungus
A eukaryote reproducing bysporeswith achitin cell wallis afungus→ Option 2.
Ecology and Environment · Waste management and biodegradable substances

Q43. Which of the following is NOT biodegradable?

  1. (a) Plastic
  2. (b) Wool
  3. (c) Leather
  4. (d) Paper
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Plastic

Answer: Option 1 — Plastic
Plasticis non-biodegradable (wool, leather, paper decompose) → Option 1.
Plant Physiology and Morphology · Transport in plants (xylem, phloem)

Q44. What is the main force that pulls water upward through the xylem in tall trees?

  1. (a) Root pressure
  2. (b) Transpiration pull
  3. (c) Capillary action
  4. (d) Diffusion
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Transpiration pull

Answer: Option 2 — Transpiration pull
Water rises in tall trees mainly due totranspiration pull→ Option 2.
Ecology and Environment · Waste management and biodegradable substances

Q45. Why are non biodegradable substances harmful to the environment?

  1. (a) They enrich the soil
  2. (b) They decompose very quickly
  3. (c) They increase the oxygen level in air
  4. (d) They persist for a long time and may harm organisms
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) They persist for a long time and may harm organisms

Answer: Option 4 — They persist for a long time and may harm organisms
Non-biodegradable substancespersistand can harm living organisms → Option 4.
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