SSC CHSL Tier-1 2025 19 November 2025 Shift 3 GK Questions – with answers & solutions

Correct Answer: Universal peace
'Sulh- i - kul ' (also written as Sulh-e-Kul) is a Persian term meaning 'Universal Peace' or 'Peace with all.' It was a key philosophical and administrative concept promoted by Emperor Akbar. It represented Akbar's policy of religious tolerance and universal harmony, where people of all faiths - Hindus, Muslims, Christians, Jains, Zoroastrians - were treated equally. This principle was reflected in Akbar's Din- i -Ilahi (Divine Faith) and his removal of the jizya tax.
Why other options are wrong:
- A military strategy: Sulh- i - kul is a philosophy of peace and tolerance, not a military strategy.
- Economic reforms: Akbar did undertake economic reforms (like mansabdari system) but Sulh- i - kul refers to peace, not economics.
- A legal code: Akbar introduced some legal measures, but Sulh- i - kul specifically means universal peace.

Correct Answer: Raja Man Singh
Raja Man Singh I of Amber ( Kachhwaha Rajput) was one of Akbar's most trusted generals and one of the Navratnas (nine gems) of Akbar's court. In 1591 CE, he led a campaign against the Chero tribe (a tribal group in present-day Jharkhand and Bihar) and defeated them. Raja Man Singh also served as the Governor of Bihar and Bengal and conducted several military campaigns on Akbar's behalf.
Why other options are wrong:
- Raja Jai Singh: Refers to Sawai Jai Singh II who lived in the 18th century; not a contemporary of Akbar.
- Todarmal : One of Akbar's Navratnas but known as the revenue minister who reformed the land revenue system ( zabti system); not associated with the Chero campaign.
- Birbal: Famous for his wit; was a courtier and close companion of Akbar but died in the Northwest Frontier campaign in 1586.

Correct Answer: 1740s
The Maratha campaigns into Rajasthan began in earnest from the 1740s CE. Under the Peshwas (particularly Peshwa Baji Rao I and later Maratha chiefs), the Marathas expanded aggressively into northern India including Rajasthan. From the 1740s onwards, Maratha campaigns put severe pressure on Rajput principalities like Mewar, Marwar, and Jaipur, demanding tribute and checking their political expansion.
Why other options are wrong:
- 1560s: During Akbar's reign; Marathas were not yet a major power in Rajasthan.
- 1620s: During the later Mughal period; Marathas under Shivaji had not yet fully emerged.
- 1680s: Shivaji's successors were fighting the Mughals in the Deccan; Rajasthan campaigns came later.

Correct Answer: Chhatrapati Sambhaji
Chhatrapati Sambhaji (Sambhaji Bhosale) succeeded his father Shivaji Maharaj as the ruler of the Maratha Empire in 1680 CE. He was Shivaji's eldest son. Sambhaji continued to resist Mughal expansion under Aurangzeb and fought numerous battles. He was captured by the Mughals in 1689 and executed by Aurangzeb. After his death, his brother Rajaram became Chhatrapati.
Why other options are wrong:
- Chhatrapati Shahu: Was Sambhaji's son; became Chhatrapati much later (1708) after being released from Mughal captivity.
- Chhatrapati Rajaram: Sambhaji's brother who became Chhatrapati after Sambhaji's death in 1689, not directly after Shivaji.
- Maharani Tarabai: Rajaram's wife who acted as regent after Rajaram's death; not the direct successor of Shivaji.

Correct Answer: Oxfam
Oxfam published the report titled 'Takers Not Makers: The Unjust Poverty and Unearned Wealth of Colonial Inheritance' in January 2025 during the World Economic Forum in Davos. The report highlighted global wealth inequality, focusing on how colonial legacies have contributed to extreme poverty in former colonies while generating unearned wealth in colonising nations. Oxfam regularly releases inequality reports around Davos.
Why other options are wrong:
- NGO Pratham: Publishes the Annual Status of Education Report (ASER); not this report.
- Azad Foundation: An Indian NGO working on women's livelihood; not the publisher.
- NITI Aayog: India's policy think tank; publishes reports on Indian development, not global colonial inequality.

Correct Answer: 105th
India ranked 105th out of 127 countries in the Global Hunger Index (GHI) 2024, published by Concern Worldwide and Welthungerhilfe. India's GHI score was 27.3, placing it in the ' serious' hunger category. This was a slight improvement from India's rank of 111th in 2023. The GHI is calculated using four indicators: undernourishment, child wasting, child stunting, and child mortality.
Why other options are wrong:
- 75th: India's GHI rank has not been as good as 75th in recent years.
- 95th: Not India's GHI rank in 2024.
- 125th: Too low; India ranked 111th in 2023 and 105th in 2024.

Correct Answer: 5
The Fiscal Health Index (FHI) 2025 in India, released by the Ministry of Finance, is based on indicators grouped into 5 broad categories (pillars):
1. Fiscal/Debt Sustainability
2. Revenue Mobilisation
3. Expenditure Quality
4. Fiscal Prudence
5. Debt Management
The FHI evaluates the fiscal health of Indian states and ranks them accordingly. It helps assess states' ability to manage their finances sustainably.
Why other options are wrong:
- 3: Fewer than the actual number of categories.
- 4: One fewer than the actual number.
- 7: More than the actual number of categories.

Correct Answer: Kruti
In June 2025, Krutrim (an AI startup founded by Ola founder Bhavish Aggarwal) developed India's first agentic AI system named 'Kruti.' An agentic AI system is one that can autonomously perform complex tasks, make decisions, and take actions to achieve goals with minimal human intervention. Krutrim has been at the forefront of developing India-focused AI systems.
Why other options are wrong:
- Mitra: A robot developed by Invento Robotics; not an agentic AI system by Krutrim .
- Sanchita: Not the name of Krutrim's agentic AI system.
- Vaani: A name associated with voice/speech AI applications; not Krutrim's agentic AI.

Correct Answer: Ministry of Panchayati Raj
The SVAMITVA (Survey of Villages Abadi and Mapping with Improvised Technology in Village Areas) Scheme is implemented by the Ministry of Panchayati Raj. In January 2025, the largest-ever distribution of property cards ceremony was held under this scheme. PM Modi distributed property cards to beneficiaries across multiple states via video conferencing. SVAMITVA aims to provide property rights to village households using drone survey technology.
Why other options are wrong:
- Ministry of Petroleum & Natural Gas: Manages petroleum sector; not related to SVAMITVA.
- Ministry of Defence : Handles defence matters; not the nodal ministry for SVAMITVA.
- Ministry of Home Affairs: Handles internal security and administration; not the implementing ministry for SVAMITVA.

Correct Answer: Global Firepower Index
The Global Firepower Index (GFI) is an annual ranking that assesses and ranks countries based on their conventional (non-nuclear) military strength. It is published by the GlobalFirepower.com website. The index considers over 60 factors including manpower, land systems (tanks, artillery), naval power, air power, logistics, finances, and geography. In 2025, India ranked 4th in the Global Firepower Index.
Why other options are wrong:
- Military Might Index: Not a recognised international military ranking index.
- Defense Capability Index: Not a standard global military ranking tool.
- Strategic Forces Index: Not a recognised ranking for conventional military strength.

Correct Answer: March 1992
The Liberalised Exchange Rate Management System (LERMS) was introduced in India in March 1992 as part of the economic reforms following the 1991 balance of payments crisis. LERMS was a dual exchange rate system where 40% of foreign exchange earnings had to be surrendered to the RBI at the official rate, while the remaining 60% could be converted at market rates. LERMS was a transitional step before the move to a unified exchange rate in March 1993.
Why other options are wrong:
- February 1993: LERMS was replaced by a unified market-determined exchange rate in 1993; not when it was introduced.
- May 1992: LERMS was introduced in March 1992, not May.
- October 1992: Not the correct month for LERMS introduction.

Correct Answer: Primary
The Primary sector of an economy consists of activities directly related to the extraction and collection of natural resources. Examples include: agriculture, fishing, mining, forestry, animal husbandry, and quarrying. These activities involve working directly with nature to produce raw materials. In India, the primary sector contributes about 18-20% of GDP but employs around 45-50% of the workforce.
Why other options are wrong:
- Secondary sector: Involves manufacturing and processing raw materials into finished goods (e.g., steel plants, textile mills).
- Tertiary sector: Involves services like banking, education, healthcare, trade, and transport.
- Quinary sector: A modern concept involving high-level decision-making by top executives and government officials; not raw material extraction.

Correct Answer: Both I and II
The Socio Economic and Caste Census (SECC) 2011 data is used in both:
Statement I - MGNREGA: SECC data is used to identify beneficiaries for MGNREGA (Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act) by identifying rural poor households.
Statement II - National Food Security Act (NFSA) 2013: SECC data is used to identify beneficiaries for the NFSA to determine who is entitled to subsidised food grains.
Both schemes use SECC 2011 data to target the most vulnerable and deprived households.
Why 'Only I', 'Only II', and 'Neither' are wrong: SECC data is meaningfully used in both initiatives.

Correct Answer: Firm not be able to produce higher quantities that are being demanded at ongoing prices.
When the government increases spending or cuts taxes, aggregate demand in the economy rises. However, firms cannot immediately produce higher quantities at ongoing (existing) prices due to capacity constraints, supply bottlenecks, and resource limitations. This excess demand over supply pushes prices upward - a phenomenon known as demand-pull inflation. This is a key concept in Keynesian economics.
Why other options are wrong:
- Aggregate demand falls rapidly: The opposite is true; government spending increases aggregate demand.
- Wage increases unprecedentedly: While wages may rise over time, this is a cost-push factor; the direct reason for price rise here is demand-supply mismatch.
- Firm exports produce to foreign destinations: Exports may reduce domestic supply but this is not the primary reason for price rise from government spending.

Correct Answer: 2
In basketball, there are 2 categories of rebounds:
1. Offensive Rebound: When a player recovers a missed shot from their own team's attempt. It gives the team another chance to score.
2. Defensive Rebound: When a player recovers a missed shot by the opposing team. It ends the opponent's possession.
Total rebounds = Offensive rebounds + Defensive rebounds. Rebounding is a critical statistical category in basketball.
Why other options are wrong:
- 3: There are only 2 official categories; some analysts add 'contested rebounds' but these are not standard categories.
- 4: More than the standard categories.
- 5: More than the standard categories.

Correct Answer: 1949
The Asian Games Federation (AGF) was inaugurated in New Delhi in 1949. It was established during a preparatory meeting for the first Asian Games. The first Asian Games were held in New Delhi in 1951. The idea of Asian Games was proposed by Guru Dutt Sondhi, an Indian IOC member, and Jawaharlal Nehru was a strong supporter. The Asian Games Federation was later replaced by the Olympic Council of Asia (OCA) in 1982.
Why other options are wrong:
- 1947: India's independence year; Asian Games Federation was not established then.
- 1951: The year the first Asian Games were held, not the year the Federation was inaugurated.
- 1953: After the first Asian Games; the Federation was inaugurated before them.

Correct Answer: Telangana
Amrabad Tiger Reserve is located in Telangana. It is one of the largest tiger reserves in India by area, covering parts of Nalgonda and Nagarkurnool districts of Telangana. It was designated a tiger reserve in 2014. The reserve is home to tigers, leopards, sloth bears, and various other wildlife species. It is part of the Nagarjunasagar -Srisailam Tiger Reserve complex.
Why other options are wrong:
- Kerala: Has Periyar Tiger Reserve; not Amrabad .
- Madhya Pradesh: Has Kanha, Bandhavgarh, Pench, Satpura , Panna reserves; not Amrabad .
- Tamil Nadu: Has Mudumalai and Anamalai tiger reserves; not Amrabad .

Correct Answer: National Tiger Conservation Authority
The National Tiger Conservation Authority (NTCA) is the nodal organisation for the International Big Cat Alliance (IBCA) in India. India launched the IBCA on 9 April 2023 (50th anniversary of Project Tiger) with PM Modi. The IBCA focuses on the conservation of seven major big cats: tiger, lion, leopard, snow leopard, cheetah, jaguar, and puma. NTCA, which oversees Project Tiger in India, serves as the implementing body for IBCA.
Why other options are wrong:
- National Lion Protection Authority: No such body exists in India.
- Wildlife Institute of India (WII): A research and training institution; not the nodal body for IBCA.
- Central Wildlife Control Board: No such body exists; the Central Zoo Authority and Wildlife Crime Control Bureau are actual bodies.

Correct Answer: Rice
Rice is a Kharif crop (sown in June-July with the onset of monsoon; harvested in October-November). Other Kharif crops include: maize, jowar, bajra, cotton, sugarcane, soybean, groundnut, and tur ( arhar ) dal.
Why other options are wrong:
- Wheat: A Rabi crop (sown in October-November; harvested in March-April). Requires cool weather.
- Watermelon: A Zaid/summer crop (grown between Rabi and Kharif seasons, March-June).
- Mustard: A Rabi crop (sown in October-November; harvested in February-March). Requires cool and dry weather.

Correct Answer: Both pressure and temperature influence the state of a substance.
The state of matter (solid, liquid, or gas) is determined by both temperature AND pressure. This is illustrated by the phase diagram of a substance, which shows the conditions of temperature and pressure at which different phases exist. For example:
- Water boils at 100°C at 1 atm pressure, but at lower temperatures at reduced pressure (e.g., on mountains).
- Increasing pressure on ice can cause it to melt (regelation).
- Gases can be liquefied by increasing pressure and/or reducing temperature.
Why other options are wrong:
- Pressure alone: Both factors matter, not just pressure.
- Temperature alone: Both factors matter, not just temperature.
- Unaffected by both: Both temperature and pressure do affect the state of matter.

Correct Answer: 321 BC
Chandragupta Maurya established the Maurya Empire around 321 BCE (Before Common Era). With the guidance of his mentor Chanakya (Kautilya), he overthrew the last Nanda king Dhanananda and founded the Maurya Empire with Pataliputra (modern Patna) as its capital. The Maurya Empire became the first pan-Indian empire, stretching from the northwest (modern Pakistan and Afghanistan) to the south and east.
Why other options are wrong:
- 211 BC: More than 100 years after the empire was established; the Maurya Empire had already ended by this time.
- 426 BC: Too early; more than a century before Chandragupta Maurya.
- 524 BC: Around the time of Bimbisara (Magadha); Chandragupta Maurya was not yet born.

Correct Answer: Syadvada
Lord Mahavira, the 24th Tirthankara of Jainism, developed the philosophical system of Syadvada (also called Anekantavada or the doctrine of many-sidedness/conditional predication). Syadvada states that reality is complex and cannot be completely described from any single point of view. The prefix ' syat ' (Sanskrit for 'perhaps' or 'maybe') emphasises the conditional nature of all assertions. It is closely related to the Jain concept of Anekantavada (non-absolutism).
Why other options are wrong:
- Dvaita: A Vedantic philosophy propounded by Madhvacharya , emphasizing the distinction between individual soul and Brahman.
- Vedanta: A school of Hindu philosophy based on the Upanishads; not associated with Mahavira.
- Mimamsa: A school of Hindu philosophy focused on the interpretation of Vedic rituals; not Jain philosophy.

Correct Answer: Haryana
Rakhigarhi (also spelled Rakhigarhi or Rakhi Garhi ) is located in Hisar district of Haryana. It is the largest known site of the Indus Valley Civilization (IVC), larger even than Mohenjo-daro and Harappa. Archaeological excavations at Rakhigarhi have revealed planned streets, drainage systems, brick structures, and various artefacts from the IVC period (approximately 2600-1900 BCE).
Why other options are wrong:
- Punjab: Has the major IVC site of Harappa (in Pakistan's Punjab); Rakhigarhi is in Haryana.
- Gujarat: Has Lothal and Dholavira IVC sites; not Rakhigarhi .
- Uttar Pradesh: Has Alamgirpur IVC site; not Rakhigarhi .

Correct Answer: Gujarat
Carnelian (a semi-precious reddish-orange stone) used by the Harappans to make beads was mostly found in Gujarat. The Harappan site of Lothal in Gujarat had a bead factory where carnelian beads were manufactured. Gujarat has natural deposits of carnelian (from the Ratanpur area in the Deccan Trap region). Harappan carnelian beads have been found at sites across the IVC and even exported to Mesopotamia.
Why other options are wrong:
- Assam: Not known for carnelian deposits or Harappan bead-making.
- Punjab: Major IVC sites but carnelian stone was predominantly sourced from Gujarat.
- Bihar: Not a source of carnelian stone for Harappan bead making.