SSC CHSL Tier-1 2025 19 November 2025 Shift 2 GK Questions – with answers & solutions

Correct Answer: Shankara (Option 3)
Adi Shankaracharya (Shankara) was born in Kalady , Kerala, in the eighth century CE (approximately 788 CE). He was a renowned philosopher and theologian who consolidated the doctrine of Advaita Vedanta (non-dualism) and revived Hinduism across India. He established four mathas (monasteries) at the four corners of India.
Why others are wrong:
Option 1 - Chaitanya: Chaitanya Mahaprabhu was born in 1486 CE in Nabadwip , Bengal — not in Kerala and not in the eighth century.
Option 2 - Ramanuja: Ramanuja was born in Sriperumbudur, Tamil Nadu, in the 11th-12th century CE — not in Kerala in the eighth century.
Option 4 - Namdev: Namdev was a 13th-14th century saint-poet from Maharashtra, not from Kerala.

Correct Answer: Aurangzeb (Option 4)
Aurangzeb (1658-1707 CE) is considered the last of the powerful Mughal rulers. He expanded the Mughal Empire to its greatest territorial extent, but his policies weakened the empire internally. After his death in 1707, the Mughal Empire declined rapidly due to weak successors, regional revolts, and external invasions.
Why others are wrong:
Option 1 - Babur: He was the founder of the Mughal Empire in 1526, not the last powerful ruler.
Option 2 - Akbar: He was the greatest Mughal emperor known for his administrative genius and religious tolerance, but ruled much earlier (1556-1605).
Option 3 - Shahjahan: He was a powerful ruler known for building the Taj Mahal, but Aurangzeb succeeded him and was the last great Mughal.

Correct Answer: B.N. Rau (Option 1)
Sir Benegal Narsing Rau (B.N. Rau) served as the Constitutional Advisor to the Constituent Assembly of India. He was a distinguished civil servant and jurist who played a crucial role in drafting the Indian Constitution. He prepared the initial draft of the Constitution and also advised on its provisions.
Why others are wrong:
Option 2 - Dr. Rajendra Prasad: He was the President of the Constituent Assembly, not the Constitutional Advisor.
Option 3 - Dr. B.R. Ambedkar: He was the Chairman of the Drafting Committee of the Constitution, often called the 'Father of the Indian Constitution', but not the Constitutional Advisor.
Option 4 - Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru: He was the first Prime Minister of India and submitted the Objectives Resolution to the Constituent Assembly, but not the Constitutional Advisor.

Correct Answer: Concept of Concurrent list (Option 1)
The concept of the Concurrent List in the Indian Constitution is borrowed from the Australian Constitution. The Concurrent List (List III of the Seventh Schedule) contains subjects on which both the Union and State governments can legislate.
Why others are wrong:
Option 2 - Amendment of the Constitution: The procedure for amendment (Article 368) is borrowed from South Africa.
Option 3 - Advisory jurisdiction of the Supreme court: This feature is borrowed from Canada.
Option 4 - Removal of Supreme Court and High court judges: This feature is also primarily influenced by the British/Parliamentary model.

Correct Answer: Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam (BSA), 2023 (Option 3)
The Indian Evidence Act, 1872 has been replaced by the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam (BSA), 2023. This is one of three new criminal laws enacted in 2023 to replace the colonial-era laws. BSA deals with evidence in courts and replaces the Indian Evidence Act of 1872.
Why others are wrong:
Option 1 - Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS), 2023: This replaced the Indian Penal Code (IPC), 1860, not the Evidence Act.
Option 2 - Bharatiya Nagrik Suraksha Sanhita (BNSS), 2023: This replaced the Code of Criminal Procedure (CrPC), 1973, not the Evidence Act.
Option 4 - Nyaya Danda Adhiniyam, 2023: No such law exists in this context.

Correct Answer: Iran (Option 2)
In May 2024, India signed a 10-year contract with Iran for the operation and development of the Shahid Beheshti terminal at Chabahar Port. The agreement was signed between India Ports Global Limited (IPGL) and the Port and Maritime Organization (PMO) of Iran. Chabahar Port is strategically important as it gives India direct access to Afghanistan and Central Asia, bypassing Pakistan.
Why others are wrong:
Option 1 - Pakistan: Chabahar Port is in Iran, not Pakistan; India cannot sign such a contract with Pakistan for this port.
Option 3 - Bangladesh: Chabahar Port is in Iran's Sistan-Baluchestan province; Bangladesh has no role here.
Option 4 - Yemen: Yemen is not associated with Chabahar Port.

Correct Answer: Maharashtra (Option 4)
In June 2025, Rajesh Kumar was appointed as the Chief Secretary of Maharashtra. The Chief Secretary is the senior-most IAS officer in a state and heads the state civil services.
Why others are wrong:
Option 1 - Bihar: Rajesh Kumar was not appointed as Chief Secretary of Bihar in June 2025.
Option 2 - Haryana: The appointment was for Maharashtra, not Haryana.
Option 3 - Odisha: The appointment was for Maharashtra, not Odisha.

Correct Answer: April (Option 3)
The national movement in India for inclusive AI leadership was officially launched in April 2025. This initiative aimed to position India as a global leader in artificial intelligence, with a focus on inclusive and responsible AI development that benefits all sections of society.
Why others are wrong:
Option 1 - January: Incorrect month.
Option 2 - March: Incorrect month.
Option 4 - August: Incorrect month; the movement was officially launched in April 2025.

Correct Answer: August 2024 (Option 1)
The Unified Pension Scheme (UPS) was approved by the Union Cabinet on 24 August 2024. It offers central government employees an assured pension (50% of average basic pay of last 12 months before retirement), assuring a more predictable retirement income. It was introduced as an alternative to the New Pension System (NPS) implemented in 2004.
Why others are wrong:
Option 2 - October 2024: Incorrect month; the UPS was approved in August 2024.
Option 3 - December 2024: Incorrect month.
Option 4 - February 2024: Incorrect month; the UPS was announced in August 2024.

Correct Answer: Delhi (Option 4)
India's first e-waste recycling park is to be built in Delhi. The park is planned to handle electronic waste in an environmentally responsible manner, providing infrastructure for collecting, dismantling, and recycling e-waste safely. Delhi generates one of the highest quantities of e-waste in India.
Why others are wrong:
Option 1 - Bhopal: The first e-waste recycling park is planned for Delhi, not Bhopal.
Option 2 - Kota: Incorrect location.
Option 3 - Dehradun: Incorrect location.

Correct Answer: Rajasthan (Option 2)
In June 2025, two new Ramsar sites from Rajasthan were added to the list of Ramsar wetlands in India. Ramsar sites are wetlands of international importance designated under the Ramsar Convention (Convention on Wetlands). Rajasthan's inclusion of new sites highlights the state's significant wetland ecosystems.
Why others are wrong:
Option 1 - Odisha: While Odisha has Ramsar sites (like Chilika Lake), the new sites added in June 2025 were from Rajasthan.
Option 3 - Gujarat: The new June 2025 additions were from Rajasthan, not Gujarat.
Option 4 - Maharashtra: The new June 2025 additions were from Rajasthan, not Maharashtra.

Correct Answer: India (Option 3)
Mission 'SAGAR' (Security and Growth for All in the Region) is an initiative launched by India to provide assistance, including medical supplies, food, and other necessities, to countries in the Indian Ocean Region. It reflects India's ' Neighbourhood First' and 'Security and Growth for All in the Region' policy.
Why others are wrong:
Option 1 - Bangladesh: Bangladesh has not launched Mission SAGAR.
Option 2 - Australia: This is an Indian initiative, not Australian.
Option 4 - Japan: Japan has not launched this specific mission.

Correct Answer: Kailash Satyarthi (Option 1)
Kailash Satyarthi, an Indian child rights activist, was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 2014 (jointly with Malala Yousafzai). He founded the Bachpan Bachao Andolan (Save Childhood Movement) and has worked to liberate children from exploitation and ensure their right to education.
Why others are wrong:
Option 2 - Amartya Sen: He won the Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences in 1998, not the Peace Prize.
Option 3 - Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar: He won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1983 for his theoretical studies of stellar structure, not the Peace Prize.
Option 4 - Venkatraman Ramakrishnan: He won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2009 for studies on the structure of the ribosome, not the Peace Prize.

Correct Answer: Montreal (Option 3)
The World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) is headquartered in Montreal, Canada. WADA was established in 1999 to promote, coordinate, and monitor the fight against doping in sports. Its foundation and headquarters in Montreal was a compromise between those who wanted it based in Europe and those preferring North America.
Why others are wrong:
Option 1 - Paris: Paris hosts many international organisations but not WADA's headquarters.
Option 2 - Geneva: Geneva hosts many UN agencies (WHO, ILO, WTO) but not WADA.
Option 4 - Vienna: Vienna hosts UN agencies like UNODC and IAEA, but not WADA.

Correct Answer: Boards (Option 1)
In ice hockey, the fences (barriers) that surround the ice hockey rink are called 'Boards'. These boards are typically made of wood or fibreglass and are about 40 inches high. They keep the puck and players within the playing area and are a fundamental feature of an ice hockey rink.
Why others are wrong:
Option 2 - Zones: Zones refer to different areas of the ice rink (defensive, neutral, offensive zones), not the fences.
Option 3 - Crease: The crease is the painted area in front of the goal where the goalkeeper has priority; it is not the surrounding fence.
Option 4 - Spikes: Spikes are not a term used in ice hockey for rink fences.

Correct Answer: Maharashtra (Option 3)
The Kailasa Temple (Cave 16) at Ellora is located in Aurangabad (Chhatrapati Sambhajinagar ), Maharashtra. Built in the 8th century CE, it was commissioned by the Rashtrakuta king Dantidurga (or his successor Krishna I). It is one of the largest rock-cut structures in the world, carved out of a single rock cliff.
Why others are wrong:
Option 1 - Madhya Pradesh: The Khajuraho temples are in MP, not the Kailasa Temple.
Option 2 - Rajasthan: Rajasthan is not known for this specific 8th-century rock-cut temple.
Option 4 - Gujarat: The Kailasa Temple is in Maharashtra, not Gujarat.

Correct Answer: Madhya Pradesh (Option 1)
'Rai' is a famous folk dance of Madhya Pradesh, performed primarily by the Bedia and Kanjar communities of the Bundelkhand region. It is traditionally performed at festivals, fairs, and social celebrations. The dance features energetic movements and is accompanied by traditional musical instruments.
Why others are wrong:
Option 2 - Punjab: Punjab is known for Bhangra and Giddha folk dances, not Rai.
Option 3 - Odisha: Odisha is known for Odissi classical dance and Gotipua , not Rai.
Option 4 - Assam: Assam is known for Bihu dance, not Rai.

Correct Answer: Kerala (Option 2)
' Kakkarissi Natakam ' (also called Kakkarissi Natakom ) is a traditional satirical dance-drama of Kerala. It is a folk theatre form where performers use satire and humour to comment on social issues. The performers dress as crow-like characters (' kakka ' = crow in Malayalam) and enact comical scenes.
Why others are wrong:
Option 1 - Gujarat: Gujarat is known for Garba and Dandiya Raas folk dances, not Kakkarissi Natakam.
Option 3 - Maharashtra: Maharashtra is known for Lavani and Tamasha, not this dance form.
Option 4 - Tripura: Tripura has its own folk dance traditions, but Kakkarissi Natakam is specific to Kerala.

Correct Answer: Brahmagupta (Option 3)
Brahmagupta (598-668 CE) was a 7th-century Indian mathematician and astronomer who revolutionized the study of numbers. He was the first to give rules for computing with zero, defined rules for operating with negative numbers, and made significant contributions to algebra, geometry, and number theory. His key works include ' Brahmasphutasiddhanta ' (628 CE).
Why others are wrong:
Option 1 - Patanjali: He was an ancient Indian scholar who compiled the Yoga Sutras and contributed to Sanskrit grammar; he was not a 7th-century mathematician.
Option 2 - Salim Ali: He was a 20th-century Indian ornithologist (birdwatcher) known as the 'Birdman of India'.
Option 4 - Srikrishna: Lord Krishna is a Hindu deity, not a mathematician or astronomer.

Correct Answer: 30 (Option 2)
Mahavira, the 24th Tirthankara of Jainism, decided to leave his home in search of spiritual truth at the age of 30. He renounced worldly life, gave up all possessions, and became an ascetic. After 12 years of intense meditation and austerities, he attained Kevala Jnana (omniscience) at the age of 42.
Why others are wrong:
Option 1 - 25: Incorrect age; Mahavira left home at 30.
Option 3 - 35: Incorrect age.
Option 4 - 40: Incorrect age; 42 was when he attained enlightenment, not when he left home.

Correct Answer: Rig Veda (Option 2)
The name 'Bharata' first appears in the Rig Veda, the oldest of the four Vedas. The Rig Veda mentions the Bharata tribe, which is believed to be one of the earliest Vedic tribes. The Battle of the Ten Kings ( Dasarajna ) mentioned in the Rig Veda involves the Bharata tribe under King Sudas. The name 'Bharata' for the Indian subcontinent is derived from this ancient reference.
Why others are wrong:
Option 1 - Ramayan: The Ramayana was composed much later than the Rig Veda; the name Bharata appears first in the Rig Veda.
Option 3 - Meghdutam : Meghaduta is a Sanskrit poem by Kalidasa (4th-5th century CE), far later than the Rig Veda.
Option 4 - Mahabharata: Although the Mahabharata's story revolves around the Bharata dynasty, the name 'Bharata' first appears in the earlier Rig Veda.

Correct Answer: NITI Aayog (Option 1)
Jal Utsav is a campaign initiated by NITI Aayog to promote water conservation and water literacy in India. It was launched to create awareness about water management among students and communities across India.
Why others are wrong:
Option 2 - Ministry of Electronics and IT: This ministry deals with digital technology, not water conservation campaigns.
Option 3 - Ministry of Commerce and Industry: This ministry focuses on trade and industrial policy, not water campaigns.
Option 4 - NGO Pratham: Pratham is an NGO focused on education, not water conservation.

Correct Answer: Both I and II (Option 3)
Both salaries and pensions of government employees are included in Revenue Expenditure in the Union Budget. Revenue Expenditure refers to recurring expenses that do not result in the creation of assets.
Statement I is correct: Salaries paid to government employees are a regular recurring expenditure and are classified as revenue expenditure.
Statement II is correct: Pensions paid to retired government employees are also recurring payments and form part of revenue expenditure.
Hence, both I and II are correct.

Correct Answer: It promotes consumers spend more (Option 1)
The traditional (Keynesian) belief about a government cutting taxes and running a budget deficit is that it stimulates consumer spending. When taxes are cut, consumers have more disposable income, which leads to increased spending (consumption). Running a budget deficit (expansionary fiscal policy) injects money into the economy, boosting aggregate demand — this is the traditional view known as fiscal stimulus.
Why others are wrong:
Option 2 - It promotes consumers spend less: This is the opposite of what tax cuts and deficit spending are intended to achieve.
Option 3 - It promotes foreign investors to opt out: This is not the traditional belief; if anything, stimulus can attract investment through economic growth.
Option 4 - It shows government irresponsive behaviour : This is a normative judgment, not the traditional economic belief about fiscal policy.