Home › GK Questions Asked › RRB Group D 2025-26 › 17 August 2026 Shift 3

RRB Group D 2025-26 17 August 2026 Shift 3 GK Questions – with answers & solutions

All 45 GK / GS questions asked in RRB Group D 2025-26 on 17 August 2026 Shift 3, with correct answers and short solutions, subject-wise: Static GK, Current Affairs, Economics, Chemistry, Geography, Biology.

📚 45 questions🗓️ 17 August 2026⏰ Shift 3
हिंदी में पढ़ें📥 Full paper PDF
Subjects: Static GK (2) · Current Affairs (15) · Economics (1) · Chemistry (9) · Geography (1) · Biology (7) · Physics (10)

Static GK (2)

Important Days and Themes · National days

Q1. The theme of National Youth Day 2026 was ‘Ignite the Self, Impact the World’. This day marks the birth anniversary of whom?

  1. (a) Rabindranath Tagore
  2. (b) Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose
  3. (c) Sri Aurobindo
  4. (d) Swami Vivekananda
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) Swami Vivekananda

National Youth Day 2026
National Youth Day is observed every year on12 January, marking the birth anniversary ofSwami Vivekananda. The theme for National Youth Day 2026 was 'Ignite the Self, Impact the World'.
Multiple 2026 news reports (NewsX, Business Standard, Right to Truth, Vajiram & Ravi) confirm this theme was used to celebrate Swami Vivekananda's birth anniversary.
Correct Answer: Swami Vivekananda
Awards and Honours · Padma awards

Q2. In January 2026, the Padma Awards were officially announced on the occasion of which national event?

  1. (a) Constitution Day
  2. (b) National Unity Day
  3. (c) National Civilian Day
  4. (d) Republic Day
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) Republic Day

Padma Awards 2026 announcement
The Padma Awards 2026 (131 awardees) were officially announced on25 January 2026, on the eve ofRepublic Day, as is customary each year.
Confirmed by PIB, Republic World, and DD News reports.
Correct Answer: Republic Day

Current Affairs (15)

Science, Technology and Space - Current · Technology launches and AI

Q3. Which of the following institution's P-Quest Group developed India's first indigenous Quantum Diamond Microscope (QDM) in November 2025?

  1. (a) TIFR Mumbai
  2. (b) IIT Bombay
  3. (c) IIT Delhi
  4. (d) IISc Bengaluru
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) IIT Bombay

India's first indigenous Quantum Diamond Microscope
In November 2025,IIT Bombay'sP-Quest Group developed India's first indigenous Quantum Diamond Microscope (QDM), unveiled at ESTIC (Emerging Science, Technology and Innovation Conclave), aimed at aiding neuroscience and materials research.
This was confirmed by PIB, DST, The Tribune, and Swarajya Mag coverage from November 2025.
Correct Answer: IIT Bombay
Awards and Honours - Current · Sports and film awards - current

Q4. At the 98ᵗʰ Academy Awards 2026, which actor won the 'Best Actor' award for his performance in the film “Sinners”, securing his first Academy Award victory?

  1. (a) Wagner Moura
  2. (b) Timothée Chalamet
  3. (c) Michael B. Jordan
  4. (d) Leonardo DiCaprio
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Michael B. Jordan

98th Academy Awards (2026) - Best Actor
At the 98th Academy Awards held in March 2026,Michael B. Jordanwon the Best Actor award for his performance in 'Sinners', marking his first Academy Award win.
Confirmed by Deadline, Variety, Rolling Stone, and E! News reports from March 2026.
Correct Answer: Michael B. Jordan
Sports - Current · Tournaments and winners

Q5. In January 2026, FIFA announced prize money for the winners of the inaugural Women’s Champions Cup. What is the amount awarded to the champions?

  1. (a) $1.5M
  2. (b) $2.3M
  3. (c) $4.0M
  4. (d) $3.0M
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) $2.3M

FIFA Women's Champions Cup prize money
In January 2026, FIFA announced record-breaking prize money of$2.3 millionfor the winners of the inaugural Women's Champions Cup.
This figure is confirmed by FIFA's own press release, ESPN, Fox Sports, Goal.com, and Sporting Goods Intelligence Europe.
Correct Answer: $2.3M
Environment and Climate - Current · Climate summits (COP)

Q6. India’s updated climate commitment for 2035 includes which emissions-intensity target?

  1. (a) Reducing emissions intensity of GDP by 47% from 2005 levels
  2. (b) Reducing fossil fuel consumption by 90% from 2020 levels
  3. (c) Cutting agricultural methane emissions by 75% nationwide
  4. (d) Achieving complete industrial decarbonisation by the year 2035
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Reducing emissions intensity of GDP by 47% from 2005 levels

India's updated NDC (2031-2035)
India's updated climate commitment (Nationally Determined Contribution) for 2035, approved by the Cabinet, targetsreducing the emissions intensity of GDP by 47% from 2005 levelsby 2035, along with a 60% non-fossil power capacity target.
Confirmed by PIB, Mongabay India, Down To Earth, and Carbon Brief coverage.
Correct Answer: Reducing emissions intensity of GDP by 47% from 2005 levels
Awards and Honours - Current · Sports and film awards - current

Q7. Which film, directed by Neeraj Ghaywan and submitted as India’s entry to the Academy Awards, swept the 8th Critics’ Choice Awards 2026 by winning Best Film, Best Director, and Best Actor?

  1. (a) All We Imagine as Light
  2. (b) Homebound
  3. (c) Black Warrant
  4. (d) Dhurandhar
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Homebound

8th Critics' Choice Awards 2026
'Homebound', directed by Neeraj Ghaywan and submitted as India's official entry to the Academy Awards, swept the 8th Critics' Choice Awards 2026, winning Best Film, Best Director, and Best Actor.
Confirmed by Outlook India, t2Online, Millennium Post, and Sentinel Assam coverage.
Correct Answer: Homebound
Economy, Banking and Business · Budget and economic data - current

Q8. According to the PLFS Annual Report 2025 (released in March 2026), what was the unemployment rate among youth aged 15–29 years in India under the usual status (ps+ss) approach?

  1. (a) 12.4%
  2. (b) 9.9%
  3. (c) 14.8%
  4. (d) 7.9%
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) 9.9%

PLFS Annual Report 2025 - Youth unemployment
As per the PLFS Annual Report 2025 (released in early 2026), the unemployment rate among youth aged 15-29 years under the usual status (ps+ss) approach improved to9.9%(with urban youth at 13.6% and rural youth at 8.3%).
Confirmed via Drishti IAS coverage of the PLFS Annual Report 2025, corroborated by Business Today reporting the same 9.9% figure.
Correct Answer: 9.9%
Sports - Current · Tournaments and winners

Q9. At the inaugural National Indoor Athletics Championships held in Bhubaneswar in March 2026, what national-best timing did Gurindervir Singh clock while winning the men's 60-m event?

  1. (a) 5.65 seconds
  2. (b) 6.60 seconds
  3. (c) 6.65 seconds
  4. (d) 7.65 seconds
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) 6.60 seconds

National Indoor Athletics Championships 2026
At the inaugural National Indoor Athletics Championships held in Bhubaneswar in March 2026,Gurindervir Singhclocked a national-best timing of6.60 secondswhile winning the men's 60m event.
Confirmed by Olympics.com, The Tribune, Outlook India, and Khel Now coverage.
Correct Answer: 6.60 seconds
International Affairs and Summits · Summits and conferences

Q10. Which city hosted the 2nd Shanghai Co-operation Organisation (SCO) Young Authors' Conference from September 25 to 26, 2025?

  1. (a) Astana
  2. (b) Tashkent
  3. (c) New Delhi
  4. (d) Beijing
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) New Delhi

2nd SCO Young Authors' Conference
The 2nd Shanghai Co-operation Organisation (SCO) Young Authors' Conference was held inNew Delhifrom 25-26 September 2025, inaugurated by MoS Kirti Vardhan Singh.
Confirmed by MEA press releases and multiple news reports (IANS, Assam Tribune, Republic World).
Correct Answer: New Delhi
Science, Technology and Space - Current · Technology launches and AI

Q11. In May 2026, which online portal was launched by the India Semiconductor Mission (ISM) to provide information on government schemes, policies, approved projects under the Semicon India Programme, and regulatory requirements for investors in the semiconductor sector?

  1. (a) Investors Support
  2. (b) Semiconductor Connect
  3. (c) Digital Semiconductor Portal
  4. (d) Invest India Semicon
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Investors Support

India Semiconductor Mission portal
In May 2026, the India Semiconductor Mission (ISM) launched the'Investors Support'portal to provide information on government schemes, policies, approved projects under the Semicon India Programme, and regulatory requirements for investors.
Confirmed by The Tribune, ISM's official press release, and multiple industry news outlets from May 2026.
Correct Answer: Investors Support
Defence and Security - Current · Defence acquisitions and indigenous systems

Q12. Between 21 February and 1 March 2026, DRDO and the Indian Navy successfully conducted four in-flight release trials of which indigenous system?

  1. (a) Pinaka Multi-Barrel Rocket Launcher
  2. (b) Akash-NG missile
  3. (c) Astra Mk-II missile
  4. (d) Air-Droppable Container (ADC-150)
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) Air-Droppable Container (ADC-150)

DRDO-Navy ADC-150 trials
Between 21 February and 1 March 2026, DRDO and the Indian Navy successfully conductedfour in-flight release trialsof the indigenousAir-Droppable Container (ADC-150)from a P-8I aircraft off the coast of Goa.
Confirmed by ANI News report explicitly stating 'four successful in-flight release trials... between February 21 - March 1', corroborated by IDRW, Swarajya, and DD News.
Correct Answer: Air-Droppable Container (ADC-150)
Sports - Current · Tournaments and winners

Q13. At which championship had India created history by winning five medals in May 2026, including gold in the men’s category through Amar Singh Devanda in Japan?

  1. (a) Asian Endurance Running Championships
  2. (b) International Association of Ultrarunners 24-Hour Asia and Oceania Championships
  3. (c) Asian Athletics Championships
  4. (d) World Ultrarunning Championships
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) International Association of Ultrarunners 24-Hour Asia and Oceania Championships

IAU 24-Hour Asia and Oceania Championships 2026
India created history by winning five medals at theInternational Association of Ultrarunners (IAU) 24-Hour Asia and Oceania Championshipsheld in Hirosaki, Japan in May 2026, with Sgt.Amar Singh Devandaclinching gold in the men's category with a national record of 282.881 km in 24 hours.
Confirmed by Indian Air Force's official statement, ANI, IANS, and Assam Tribune coverage.
Correct Answer: International Association of Ultrarunners 24-Hour Asia and Oceania Championships
Appointments and Resignations · National appointments

Q14. For which defence organization Rajesh Kumar Singh is serving as Chairman as of May 2026?

  1. (a) Indian Air Force (IAF)
  2. (b) Central Reserve Police Force (CRPF)
  3. (c) Indian Navy (IN)
  4. (d) Defense Research and Development Organization (DRDO)
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) Defense Research and Development Organization (DRDO)

DRDO Chairman - Rajesh Kumar Singh
Defence SecretaryRajesh Kumar Singhwas given additional charge as Chairman of theDefence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO), effective 31 May 2026, following Samir Kamat's exit, per an Appointments Committee of the Cabinet order issued on 29 May 2026.
Confirmed by India Strategic, GKToday, and Newkerala reports. Since the appointment took effect from 31 May 2026, he was indeed serving as DRDO Chairman as of May 2026.
Correct Answer: Defense Research and Development Organization (DRDO)
Sports - Current · Records and achievements

Q15. Who had set a national men’s pole vault record of 5.41 m at the inaugural Indian Indoor Open Combined Events and Pole Vault Competition held in Bhubaneswar?

  1. (a) Siva Subramani
  2. (b) Dev Kumar Meena
  3. (c) Reegan G
  4. (d) Kuldeep Kumar
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) Kuldeep Kumar

National pole vault record - Bhubaneswar
Kuldeep Kumarset a new national men's pole vault record of5.41 mat the inaugural Indian Indoor Open Combined Events and Pole Vault Competition held in Bhubaneswar.
Confirmed by The Tribune and the Athletics Federation of India's official website.
Correct Answer: Kuldeep Kumar
International Affairs and Summits · Global events and elections

Q16. Anutin Charnvirakul, who was reconfirmed by parliament as Prime Minister in March 2026 following the electoral victory of the Bhumjaithai Party, became the Prime Minister of which Southeast Asian country?

  1. (a) Malaysia
  2. (b) Vietnam
  3. (c) Indonesia
  4. (d) Thailand
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) Thailand

Thailand Prime Minister
Anutin Charnvirakulwas reconfirmed by the Thai Parliament as Prime Minister ofThailandin March 2026, following the Bhumjaithai Party's electoral success.
Confirmed by The Diplomat, CNBC, and Wikipedia coverage of Thailand's March 2026 parliamentary vote.
Correct Answer: Thailand

Q17. On 26ᵗʰ May 2026, the Supreme Court (SaveLIFE Foundation & Anr. vs Union of India & Ors.) ruled that access to trauma and emergency care is an integral part of the Right to Life under _________.

  1. (a) Article 41 of the Indian constitution
  2. (b) Article 21 of the Indian constitution
  3. (c) Article 11 of the Indian constitution
  4. (d) Article 31 of the Indian constitution
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Article 21 of the Indian constitution

Supreme Court on trauma care - Article 21
On 26 May 2026, in SaveLIFE Foundation & Anr. vs Union of India & Ors., the Supreme Court ruled that access to trauma and emergency care is an integral part of the Right to Life underArticle 21of the Indian Constitution, issuing pan-India directions on road accident emergency response.
Confirmed by Indian Kanoon (judgment record), GKToday, LawBeat, and PW OnlyIAS coverage.
Correct Answer: Article 21 of the Indian constitution

Economics (1)

Public Finance - Budget and Taxation · Union Budget - latest highlights

Q18. As per Union Budget 2025-26, how many Atal Tinkering Labs are to be set up in Government schools in the next 5 years?

  1. (a) 80,000
  2. (b) 60,000
  3. (c) 50,000
  4. (d) 70,000
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) 50,000

Atal Tinkering Labs - Union Budget 2025-26
As per the Union Budget 2025-26, the government announced setting up50,000 Atal Tinkering Labsin Government schools over the next five years.
This is confirmed by Business Today, The Statesman, and multiple budget coverage reports from February 2025.
Correct Answer: 50,000

Chemistry (9)

Environmental Chemistry · Greenhouse effect and greenhouse gases

Q19. As per the 2026 NITI Aayog report, which sector was identified as the largest contributor to India’s greenhouse gas emissions, prompting targeted emission reduction strategies?

  1. (a) Transportation systems and logistics
  2. (b) Agriculture and allied activities
  3. (c) Energy production including coal-based power plants
  4. (d) Industrial manufacturing and processing
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Energy production including coal-based power plants

NITI Aayog 2026 - GHG emissions
As per NITI Aayog's 2026 report ('Scenarios Towards Viksit Bharat and Net Zero - Power'), theenergy/power sector, including coal-based power plants, is the largest contributor to India's greenhouse gas emissions - accounting for roughly 39.4% of total national GHG emissions in 2020.
Confirmed by NITI Aayog's official sectoral insights report on the power sector.
Correct Answer: Energy production including coal-based power plants
Carbon and its Compounds · Bonding in carbon and catenation

Q20. Which of the following is NOT a property typically associated with most covalent compounds of carbon?

  1. (a) They have low melting points
  2. (b) They are good conductors of electricity
  3. (c) They have low boiling points
  4. (d) Carbon forms covalent bonds with other carbon atoms
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) They are good conductors of electricity

Properties of Covalent Carbon Compounds
Covalent compounds of carbon (organic compounds) typically show:
• Low melting and boiling points (weak intermolecular forces) — this IS typical.
• Carbon's ability to form covalent bonds with other carbon atoms (catenation) — this IS typical.
• Poor electrical conductivity, since covalent compounds generally lack free ions or free electrons to carry charge — so 'good conductors of electricity' is NOT a typical property.
Correct Answer: They are good conductors of electricity
Acids, Bases and Salts · Common salts - preparation and uses (baking soda, washing soda, bleaching powder, plaster of Paris)

Q21. Baking soda is commonly used in fire extinguishers because it releases a specific gas when heated. What is the gas released and how does it help extinguish fires?

  1. (a) It releases nitrogen, which cools the burning material
  2. (b) It releases sulfur dioxide, which reacts with the flames
  3. (c) It releases oxygen, which smothers the fire and prevents it from spreading
  4. (d) It releases carbon dioxide, which displaces oxygen and stops combustion
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) It releases carbon dioxide, which displaces oxygen and stops combustion

Baking Soda in Fire Extinguishers
Baking soda (sodium bicarbonate, NaHCO₃) decomposes on heating: 2NaHCO₃ → Na₂CO₃ + H₂O + CO₂.
• The reaction releasescarbon dioxide gas.
• CO₂ is heavier than air and non-combustible, so it forms a blanket over the fire, displacing/cutting off the oxygen supply and stopping combustion.
Correct Answer: It releases carbon dioxide, which displaces oxygen and stops combustion
Metals and Non-metals · Chemical properties of metals

Q22. The gas evolved when calcium reacts with water is:

  1. (a) Oxygen
  2. (b) Hydrogen
  3. (c) Nitrogen
  4. (d) Carbon dioxide
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Hydrogen

Reaction of Calcium with Water
Calcium reacts with cold water (though less vigorously than sodium/potassium):
• Ca + 2H₂O → Ca(OH)₂ + H₂↑
• This produces calcium hydroxide and releaseshydrogen gas, seen as bubbles; the reaction is exothermic but calcium often floats due to the bubbles sticking to it.
Correct Answer: Hydrogen
Structure of Atom · Thomson's model

Q23. What do the raisins represent in Thomson’s plum-pudding model of the atom?

  1. (a) Protons and neutrons present in the atom
  2. (b) Electrons present in various orbits of atom
  3. (c) Neutrons spread out throughout the atom
  4. (d) Electrons embedded in positively charge sphere
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) Electrons embedded in positively charge sphere

Thomson's Plum Pudding Model
J.J. Thomson proposed that an atom is a sphere of positive charge with electrons embedded in it, like raisins (or 'plums') studded in a pudding.
• The pudding (sphere) represents the positively charged matter of the atom.
• The raisins represent thenegatively charged electrons embedded withinthe positive sphere.
Correct Answer: Electrons embedded in positively charge sphere
Acids, Bases and Salts · Neutralisation reaction

Q24. When hydrochloric acid reacts with sodium hydroxide to form sodium chloride and water, which type of reaction is primarily demonstrated?

  1. (a) Double displacement reaction
  2. (b) Redox reaction
  3. (c) Displacement reaction
  4. (d) Combination reaction
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Double displacement reaction

HCl and NaOH Reaction Type
HCl + NaOH → NaCl + H₂O
• This is an acid-base neutralisation reaction, which is a specific type ofdouble displacement reaction— the H⁺ ion from the acid and the Na⁺ ion from the base exchange partners (Cl⁻ and OH⁻).
• It is not a redox reaction (no change in oxidation states/electron transfer), not a simple displacement (no single element displacing another), and not a combination reaction (two compounds react to give two different compounds, not one).
Correct Answer: Double displacement reaction
Mixtures, Solutions and Separation · Separation techniques (distillation, chromatography, centrifugation, crystallisation)

Q25. Which factor must be considered before using a separating funnel for two liquids?

  1. (a) Both liquids have high boiling point
  2. (b) The liquids must have different colors
  3. (c) The liquids must be immiscible
  4. (d) The liquids must have strong odors
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) The liquids must be immiscible

Separating Funnel Requirement
A separating funnel is used to separate two immiscible liquids based on the difference in their densities (e.g., oil and water).
• The essential condition is that the two liquids must beimmiscible(do not mix/form separate layers).
• Boiling point, colour, and odour are not relevant requirements for using a separating funnel.
Correct Answer: The liquids must be immiscible
Carbon and its Compounds · Chemical properties of carbon compounds (combustion, oxidation, addition, substitution)

Q26. What happens when hydrogen (H₂) is added to an alkene in the presence of a catalyst?

  1. (a) Alkene converts into an alkane
  2. (b) Alkene undergoes substitution
  3. (c) Alkene breaks down
  4. (d) Alkene forms an alcohol
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Alkene converts into an alkane

Hydrogenation of Alkenes
Addition of hydrogen (H₂) to an alkene (C=C double bond) in the presence of a catalyst (like Ni/Pd) is called hydrogenation.
• The double bond is broken and hydrogen atoms are added, converting the unsaturated alkene into a saturatedalkane.
• Example: CH₂=CH₂ (ethene) + H₂ → CH₃–CH₃ (ethane).
Correct Answer: Alkene converts into an alkane
Carbon and its Compounds · Esters and esterification

Q27. What type of reaction occurs when ethanoic acid reacts with ethanol in the presence of an acid catalyst?

  1. (a) Esterification reaction
  2. (b) Combustion reaction
  3. (c) Saponification reaction
  4. (d) Neutralization reaction
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Esterification reaction

Reaction of Ethanoic Acid with Ethanol
Ethanoic acid (CH₃COOH) reacts with ethanol (C₂H₅OH) in the presence of a small amount of acid (like concentrated H₂SO₄) as a catalyst to form an ester and water.
• CH₃COOH + C₂H₅OH → CH₃COOC₂H₅ (ethyl ethanoate, a sweet-smelling ester) + H₂O
• This is called anesterification reaction.
Correct Answer: Esterification reaction

Geography (1)

India - Drainage System · River disputes and river facts

Q28. In April 2026, the Mahanadi Water Disputes Tribunal was associated with a dispute involving which pair of states?

  1. (a) Gujarat and Maharashtra irrigation planning
  2. (b) Odisha and Chhattisgarh water sharing
  3. (c) Telangana and Karnataka reservoir usage
  4. (d) Punjab and Haryana canal allocation
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Odisha and Chhattisgarh water sharing

Mahanadi Water Disputes Tribunal
In April 2026, the Mahanadi Water Disputes Tribunal was associated with the ongoing water-sharing dispute betweenOdisha and Chhattisgarh, with the tribunal issuing a deadline for the states to settle the matter.
Confirmed by Odisha.plus and Easemyprep coverage of the Mahanadi tribunal proceedings in April 2026.
Correct Answer: Odisha and Chhattisgarh water sharing

Biology (7)

Ecology and Environment · Pollution - effects on living beings

Q29. Why top-level consumers are most affected by biological magnification in a food chain?

  1. (a) They are primary producers and thus first to be exposed to toxins
  2. (b) They accumulate the highest concentration of toxins through the food chain
  3. (c) They eat less quantity of food compared to others
  4. (d) They have the shortest lifespan in the ecosystem
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) They accumulate the highest concentration of toxins through the food chain

Biological Magnification
Biological magnification (biomagnification) is the progressive increase in concentration of persistent toxins (like pesticides such as DDT) as we move up successive trophic levels in a food chain.
• Toxins absorbed by producers/lower organisms are not easily broken down or excreted.
• At each trophic level, an organism eats many organisms of the level below it, so the toxin gets concentrated further.
• Top-level consumers, being at the end of the chain, accumulate thehighest concentrationof these toxins in their bodies.
This makes option 2 the correct explanation; the other options describe unrelated or incorrect reasoning (top consumers are not primary producers, food quantity and lifespan are not the causal factors).
Correct Answer: They accumulate the highest concentration of toxins through the food chain
Biology Miscellaneous · Greek and Latin roots of biological terms

Q30. Which pair CORRECTLY matches the Greek root with its meaning?

  1. (a) Pro — True
  2. (b) Chroma — Green
  3. (c) Karyon — Wall
  4. (d) Leukos — White
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) Leukos — White

Greek Root Meanings
Checking each pairing against standard Greek root meanings used in biology terminology:
• Pro — generally means 'before', not 'true'.
• Chroma — means 'colour' in general, not specifically 'green' (green is 'chloros', as in chlorophyll/chloroplast).
• Karyon — means 'kernel/nucleus' (as in eukaryote, karyotype), not 'wall'.
• Leukos — correctly means'white'(as in leukocyte = white blood cell, leukaemia).
Only the Leukos–White pairing is correct among the four options.
Correct Answer: Leukos — White
Ecology and Environment · Food chains and food webs

Q31. Food webs help in maintaining ecosystem stability because they:

  1. (a) increase competition
  2. (b) stop energy flow
  3. (c) provide alternative food sources
  4. (d) reduce the number of consumers
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) provide alternative food sources

Role of Food Webs
A food web is an interconnected network of multiple food chains within an ecosystem.
• Because an organism can feed on more than one type of food source, food webs provide alternative food sources if one species declines.
• This redundancy helps maintain stability in the ecosystem, unlike a single linear food chain where the loss of one species disrupts the entire chain.
Correct Answer: provide alternative food sources
Diversity and Classification of Living Organisms · Plant kingdom groups (Thallophyta to Angiosperms)

Q32. Two specimens: one has undifferentiated body living in water, the other has true roots, stems, and leaves. Which of the following correctly matches them with their classes?

  1. (a) Bryophyta and Angiosperm
  2. (b) Bryophyta and Thallophyta
  3. (c) Pteridophyta and Gymnosperm
  4. (d) Thallophyta and Pteridophyta
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) Thallophyta and Pteridophyta

Plant Classification
Matching the two described specimens to plant groups:
• An organism with an undifferentiated body living in water fitsThallophyta(e.g., algae) — body not differentiated into root, stem, leaf.
• An organism with true roots, stems, and leaves fitsPteridophyta(e.g., ferns) — the first group to show true differentiation into these organs (though still without seeds/flowers).
• Bryophyta (amphibians of plant kingdom) have rhizoids, not true roots, ruling out the other combinations.
Correct Answer: Thallophyta and Pteridophyta
Ecology and Environment · Waste management and biodegradable substances

Q33. Which of the following pairs correctly represents biodegradable and non-biodegradable substances, respectively?

  1. (a) Plastic – Cotton
  2. (b) Metal – Food waste
  3. (c) Glass – Leaves
  4. (d) Paper – Plastic
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) Paper – Plastic

Biodegradable vs Non-Biodegradable
Biodegradable substances can be broken down by microorganisms; non-biodegradable substances cannot (or take extremely long).
• Paper is biodegradable (made from natural cellulose fibres, decomposed by microbes).
• Plastic is non-biodegradable (synthetic polymer, resistant to microbial decomposition).
• This correctly matches the required order: biodegradable – non-biodegradable.
Correct Answer: Paper – Plastic
Human Physiology - Respiration, Circulation and Excretion · Blood vessels, circulation and blood pressure

Q34. Which type of blood vessel is best suited for rapid exchange of gases and nutrients with body tissues?

  1. (a) Capillaries
  2. (b) Veins
  3. (c) Arteries
  4. (d) Lymph vessels
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Capillaries

Blood Vessel for Exchange
Capillaries are the smallest blood vessels, with walls only one cell thick.
• This extremely thin wall allows rapid diffusion/exchange of gases (O₂, CO₂), nutrients, and waste products between blood and body tissues.
• Arteries and veins have thick, multi-layered walls not suited for direct exchange; lymph vessels carry lymph, not blood.
Correct Answer: Capillaries

Q35. Apart from the nucleus and plastids, which of the following organelle contains its own DNA?

  1. (a) Mitochondrion
  2. (b) Golgi Apparatus
  3. (c) Ribosome
  4. (d) Lysosome
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Mitochondrion

Organelle with its Own DNA
Apart from the nucleus and plastids (chloroplasts), themitochondrionis the other organelle that contains its own DNA (and ribosomes), supporting the endosymbiotic theory.
• Golgi apparatus, ribosomes, and lysosomes do not contain their own DNA.
Correct Answer: Mitochondrion

Physics (10)

Work, Energy and Power · Numericals on work, energy and power

Q36. A stone of mass 0.5 kg is moving with a speed of 8 m/s. Its kinetic energy is ________.

  1. (a) 16 J
  2. (b) 64 J
  3. (c) 128 J
  4. (d) 32 J
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) 16 J

Kinetic Energy Calculation
Kinetic energy is given by KE = (1/2) m v².
• Mass m = 0.5 kg, speed v = 8 m/s
• KE = 0.5 × 0.5 × 8² = 0.5 × 0.5 × 64 = 16 J
Correct Answer: 16 J
Light - Refraction and Lenses · Lens formula and magnification

Q37. How is the object distance measured in the sign convention for spherical lenses?

  1. (a) It is measured from the focal point towards the position of the image.
  2. (b) It is measured from the optical center towards the position of the image.
  3. (c) It is measured from the focal point towards the position of the object.
  4. (d) It is measured from the optical center towards the position of the object.
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) It is measured from the optical center towards the position of the object.

Sign Convention for Spherical Lenses
In the New Cartesian sign convention used for spherical lenses, all distances are measured from theoptical centreof the lens.
• Object distance is measured from the optical centre to the position of the object.
• Image distance is measured from the optical centre to the position of the image.
• Distances measured against the direction of incident light are taken as negative, and in the direction of incident light as positive.
Correct Answer: It is measured from the optical center towards the position of the object.
Sources of Energy · Solar energy and solar cells

Q38. A student is asked why solar panels are less efficient during early morning hours. Which electromagnetic property explains this observation?

  1. (a) Speed of light is reduced in air
  2. (b) Sunlight is less intense at low angle
  3. (c) Earth's rotation increases intensity
  4. (d) Wavelength distribution changes
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Sunlight is less intense at low angle

Solar Panel Efficiency and Sun Angle
In the early morning, the Sun is low on the horizon, so sunlight strikes the solar panel at a low angle (large angle of incidence).
• The same amount of solar energy is spread over a larger effective area, and light also travels through a longer path of atmosphere, both reducing the intensity reaching the panel.
• Lower intensity of incident light directly means less energy converted by the panel, reducing efficiency.
• The other options are incorrect: light's speed in air does not change with time of day, Earth's rotation does not 'increase' intensity, and wavelength shift is a secondary effect, not the main cause of reduced efficiency.
Correct Answer: Sunlight is less intense at low angle
Light - Refraction and Lenses · Convex lens - image formation and uses

Q39. A student observes that the image formed by a lens is twice the size of the object and is real. Where is the object placed relative to the lens?

  1. (a) Between 2F and infinity
  2. (b) Between F and 2F
  3. (c) At 2F
  4. (d) At F
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Between F and 2F

Convex Lens Image Formation
For a convex lens, a real, enlarged (magnified) image is formed when the object is placed between the focus (F) and twice the focal length (2F).
• Object at 2F → image at 2F, same size, real, inverted.
• Object between F and 2F → image beyond 2F,real, enlarged, inverted.
• Object beyond 2F → image between F and 2F, real, diminished.
• Object at F → image at infinity.
Correct Answer: Between F and 2F
Electricity · Resistors in series and parallel

Q40. Which of the following properties is unique to the parallel combination of resistors compared to the series combination?

  1. (a) Total resistance equals sum of resistors
  2. (b) Current through each resistor is the same
  3. (c) Each resistor receives the same voltage
  4. (d) All resistors must be identical
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Each resistor receives the same voltage

Series vs Parallel Combination of Resistors
In a parallel combination, all resistors are connected across the same two points, so:
• Each resistor gets thesame voltage(equal to the source voltage), while the current divides among them based on individual resistance — the opposite of what happens in series.
• In series, current is the same through all resistors and voltage divides, and total resistance in series equals the sum (not parallel).
Correct Answer: Each resistor receives the same voltage
Light - Reflection and Mirrors · Convex mirror - image formation and uses

Q41. A science fair project uses a convex mirror to monitor a hallway. If a person stands at various distances from the mirror, what remains constant about the images formed, regardless of their position?

  1. (a) The images are always real and inverted
  2. (b) The images are always enlarged and real
  3. (c) The images are always magnified and behind the mirror
  4. (d) The images are always diminished and virtual
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) The images are always diminished and virtual

Images Formed by a Convex Mirror
A convex mirror always diverges reflected rays, so regardless of the object's distance:
• The image formed is alwaysvirtual, erect, and diminished(smaller than the object), located behind the mirror.
• This property makes convex mirrors ideal for surveillance/rear-view use, since they give a wide field of view with a constant type of image.
Correct Answer: The images are always diminished and virtual
Work, Energy and Power · Conservation and transformation of energy

Q42. Which of the following is an example of chemical energy?

  1. (a) Energy from a spinning wheel
  2. (b) Energy stored in food
  3. (c) Energy from a stretched rubber band
  4. (d) Energy from moving objects
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Energy stored in food

Example of Chemical Energy
Chemical energy is energy stored in the bonds of chemical compounds, released during chemical reactions (like digestion or combustion).
• Energy stored in food is chemical energy, released when food is broken down (metabolised) in the body.
• A spinning wheel or moving object has kinetic energy; a stretched rubber band has elastic potential energy — none of these are chemical energy.
Correct Answer: Energy stored in food
Motion · Uniform circular motion

Q43. Which of the following best describes uniform circular motion?

  1. (a) An object moving at a constant speed in a straight line
  2. (b) An object moving at a constant speed along a circular path
  3. (c) An object at rest in a circular path
  4. (d) An object moving at a changing speed along a curved path
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) An object moving at a constant speed along a circular path

Uniform Circular Motion
Uniform circular motion is defined as motion of an object along a circular path at aconstant speed(though velocity direction keeps changing, resulting in acceleration towards the centre).
• Constant speed in a straight line is uniform linear motion, not circular.
• An object at rest is not in motion at all.
Correct Answer: An object moving at a constant speed along a circular path
Electricity · Electric cells and batteries

Q44. Which component is best represented by a symbol with multiple alternating long and short lines in a circuit diagram?

  1. (a) A resistor of resistance R
  2. (b) An electric cell
  3. (c) Electric bulb
  4. (d) A battery or a combination of cells
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) A battery or a combination of cells

Circuit Symbol Identification
In standard circuit diagrams, a single electric cell is represented by one long line (positive terminal) and one short line (negative terminal).
• Whenmultiple alternating long and short linesappear together, this represents abattery— a combination/series of multiple cells.
• Resistors and bulbs have different distinct symbols (zig-zag line, circle with X, respectively).
Correct Answer: A battery or a combination of cells
Motion · Motion graphs (distance-time, velocity-time)

Q45. If the distance between two points on a straight line distance-time graph is 120 meters and the corresponding time interval is 4 seconds, what is the uniform speed?

  1. (a) 30 m/s
  2. (b) 60 m/s
  3. (c) 24 m/s
  4. (d) 15 m/s
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) 30 m/s

Speed from Distance-Time Graph
For a straight-line distance-time graph, the slope gives the uniform speed.
• Speed = Distance / Time = 120 m / 4 s = 30 m/s
Correct Answer: 30 m/s
← 17 August 2026 Shift 2All shifts18 August 2026 Shift 1 →
📥 PDF of this paper (all subjects, English & Hindi): RRB Group D previous year papers PDF · ▶ Attempt previous year papers as free online tests · 🏆 Free live mock tests · 📰 Daily current affairs quiz