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Environment and Climate - Current PYQs – Current Affairs, SSC & Railway

120 Environment and Climate - Current (Current Affairs) questions asked in recent SSC and Railway exams, newest first, with exam, date & shift, answers and solutions.

📚 120 questionsSSC 30 · Railway 90
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RRB Group D 2025-26 – 25 August 2026 Shift 1 · Species discoveries and conservation news

Q1. In February 2026, a third batch of cheetahs was translocated to India from which country, and where were they released?

  1. (a) South Africa; Nauradehi Tiger Reserve
  2. (b) Namibia; Gandhi Sagar Sanctuary
  3. (c) Kenya; Rani Durgavati Sanctuary
  4. (d) Botswana; Kuno National Park
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) Botswana; Kuno National Park

Correct Answer:
Correct Answer: Option 4 – Botswana; Kuno National Park
Explanation:
In February 2026, the third batch of African cheetahs was translocated to India fromBotswanaand released atKuno National Park, Madhya Pradesh, as part of the ongoing Project Cheetah reintroduction programme.
Important Facts:
• The first batch (2022) came from Namibia; the second batch (2023) came from South Africa.
• Gandhi Sagar Sanctuary in Madhya Pradesh is being developed as a second cheetah habitat site.
• The Botswana batch included six females and three males.
RRB Group D 2025-26 – 25 August 2026 Shift 3 · Climate summits (COP)

Q2. In March 2026, the Union Cabinet approved India’s updated Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) for the period 2031-2035. What is the new target for reducing the emissions intensity of India’s GDP by 2035?

  1. (a) 45 percent from 2010 level
  2. (b) 47 percent from 2005 level
  3. (c) 35 percent from 2005 level
  4. (d) 60 percent from 2005 level
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) 47 percent from 2005 level

Correct Answer:
Correct Answer: Option 2 – 47 percent from 2005 level
Explanation:
In March 2026, the Union Cabinet approved India's updated NDC (2031-2035), targeting a47% reduction in emissions intensity of GDP by 2035 from the 2005 level, along with 60% non-fossil power capacity, as reported by PIB and Mongabay India ("India's updated climate plan targets 47% emissions cut... by 2035").
Important Facts:
• India's earlier (2015) NDC targeted 45% emissions intensity reduction from 2005 level by 2030.
• The new NDC (2031-2035) also targets ~60% non-fossil fuel based electric power capacity.
• NDCs are submitted under the UNFCCC/Paris Agreement framework.
RRB Group D 2025-26 – 21 August 2026 Shift 1 · Species discoveries and conservation news

Q3. In March 2026, the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) Court Lucknow (Uttar Pradesh) convicted and sentenced six private persons to imprisonment for two years with a fine of Rs. 10,000 each in a significant wildlife smuggling case involving illegal possession and trade of ________.

  1. (a) Jackal and elephant body parts
  2. (b) Tiger and leopard body parts
  3. (c) Tiger and rhinocerous body parts
  4. (d) Lion and rhinocerous body parts
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Tiger and leopard body parts

Correct Answer:
Correct Answer: Option 2 – Tiger and leopard body parts
Explanation:
Confirmed via Assam Tribune, Free Press Journal, and ETV Bharat (March 2026) — a CBI Court in Lucknow convicted and sentenced six private persons to two years' imprisonment with a ₹10,000 fine each in a wildlife smuggling case involving illegal possession/trade oftiger and leopard body parts.
Important Facts:
• The case highlights ongoing enforcement action against wildlife trafficking networks in India under CBI jurisdiction.
• Tiger and leopard parts are commonly trafficked for use in traditional medicine and illegal wildlife trade markets.
• Separate, unrelated cases have involved rhinoceros or elephant parts, but this specific 2026 Lucknow CBI case concerned tiger and leopard parts.
RRB Group D 2025-26 – 21 August 2026 Shift 2 · Species discoveries and conservation news

Q4. The 7th meeting of the National Board for Wildlife (NBWL) held in March 2025, was chaired by the Prime Minister at which National Park?

  1. (a) Gir National Park
  2. (b) Jim Corbett National Park
  3. (c) Bandipur National Park
  4. (d) Kaziranga National Park
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Gir National Park

Correct Answer:
Correct Answer: Option 1 – Gir National Park
Explanation:
PM Modi chaired the 7th meeting of the National Board for Wildlife (NBWL) on3 March 2025atGir (Gir National Park), Gujarat, coinciding with World Wildlife Day, as confirmed by PIB and pmindia.gov.in.
Important Facts:
• The meeting coincided with World Wildlife Day (3 March).
• Gir National Park in Gujarat is the only natural habitat of the Asiatic Lion.
• NBWL is the apex statutory body under the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 for wildlife-related policy in India.
RRB Group D 2025-26 – 21 August 2026 Shift 3 · Climate summits (COP)

Q5. Where was the Thirty-Seventh Meeting of the Parties to the Montreal Protocol (MOP37) held in November 2025?

  1. (a) Vienna, Austria
  2. (b) Nairobi, Kenya
  3. (c) Geneva, Switzerland
  4. (d) Bangkok, Thailand
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Nairobi, Kenya

Correct Answer:
Correct Answer: Option 2 – Nairobi, Kenya
Explanation:
The Thirty-Seventh Meeting of the Parties to the Montreal Protocol (MOP37) was held from3–7 November 2025 in Nairobi, Kenya, confirmed by the UNEP Ozone Secretariat and the IISD Earth Negotiations Bulletin summary report.
Important Facts:
• The Montreal Protocol (1987) is an international treaty to protect the ozone layer by phasing out ozone-depleting substances.
• The Ozone Secretariat, which organizes MOP meetings, is administered by UNEP and headquartered in Nairobi.
• The Kigali Amendment to the Protocol addresses the phase-down of HFCs.
RRB Group D 2025-26 – 20 August 2026 Shift 2 · Species discoveries and conservation news

Q6. As part of the pre-summit "Lion Species Spotlight Event" of the 1st International Big Cat Alliance (IBCA) Summit 2026, which protected area in Gujarat was chosen to showcase the conservation of the world's only wild population of Asiatic lions?

  1. (a) Vansda National Park and Wildlife Sanctuary
  2. (b) Gir National Park and Wildlife Sanctuary
  3. (c) Marine National Park and Wildlife Sanctuary
  4. (d) Velavadar National Park and Wildlife Sanctuary
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Gir National Park and Wildlife Sanctuary

Correct Answer:
Correct Answer: Option 2 – Gir National Park and Wildlife Sanctuary
Explanation:
Ahead of the1st International Big Cat Alliance (IBCA) Summit 2026, Union Environment Minister Bhupender Yadav inaugurated the'Lion' Species Spotlight EventatSasan Gir (Gir National Park and Wildlife Sanctuary), Gujarat, home to the world's only wild population of Asiatic lions.
Important Facts:
• Gir Forest in Gujarat is the sole natural habitat of the Asiatic lion.
• IBCA was launched by India to conserve seven big cat species globally.
• The event was a pre-summit programme ahead of the main IBCA Summit.
RRB Group D 2025-26 – 20 August 2026 Shift 2 · Climate summits (COP)

Q7. According to India's updated Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) approved in March 2026, what is the target share of non-fossil fuel-based resources in installed electric power capacity by 2035?

  1. (a) 50%
  2. (b) 40%
  3. (c) 47%
  4. (d) 60%
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) 60%

Correct Answer:
Correct Answer: Option 4 – 60%
Explanation:
India's updatedNationally Determined Contribution (NDC) for 2031–2035, approved by the Union Cabinet in March 2026, targets a60%share of non-fossil fuel-based resources in installed electric power capacity by 2035, alongside a 47% cut in emissions intensity.
Important Facts:
• The NDC also targets a 47% reduction in emissions intensity of GDP from 2005 levels.
• This updated NDC was communicated to the UNFCCC.
• It builds on India's earlier 2030 targets (50% non-fossil capacity, since achieved early).
RRB Group D 2025-26 – 20 August 2026 Shift 3 · Species discoveries and conservation news

Q8. Which of the following big cat species is the focus of the conservation programme being held in Gangtok, Sikkim in 2026?

  1. (a) Asiatic Lion
  2. (b) Cheetah
  3. (c) Bengal Tiger
  4. (d) Snow Leopard
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) Snow Leopard

Correct Answer:
Correct Answer: Option 4 – Snow Leopard
Explanation:
Sikkim hosted a nationalsnow leopardconservation event in Gangtok in 2026, ahead of an International Big Cats Alliance (IBCA) summit, highlighting community-based snow leopard conservation in the high Himalayas.
Important Facts:
• Sikkim's 2025 snow leopard census recorded 21 individuals in the state.
• Snow leopards inhabit Sikkim's high-altitude trans-Himalayan regions, unlike Bengal Tiger, Asiatic Lion or Cheetah which are not found there.
RRB Group D 2025-26 – 19 August 2026 Shift 1 · Species discoveries and conservation news

Q9. In March 2026, Kuno National Park in Madhya Pradesh was in the news because the total number of cheetahs in India increased to _____ following the birth of five cheetah cubs.

  1. (a) 67
  2. (b) 53
  3. (c) 32
  4. (d) 41
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) 53

Correct Answer:
Correct Answer: Option 2 – 53
Explanation:
In March 2026, five cheetah cubs were born at Kuno National Park (Madhya Pradesh) under Project Cheetah, taking India's total cheetah population past 50 to53.
Important Facts:
• Project Cheetah began in 2022 with cheetahs translocated from Namibia and South Africa.
• The cheetah 'Gamini' had earlier given birth to cubs, contributing to population growth.
• Kuno National Park is the primary reintroduction site for cheetahs in India.
RRB Group D 2025-26 – 19 August 2026 Shift 2 · Species discoveries and conservation news

Q10. Following confirmed tiger sightings after years of declining numbers, which state regained recognition for having a tiger presence in India’s 2026 tiger estimation process?

  1. (a) Uttar Pradesh
  2. (b) Odisha
  3. (c) Gujarat
  4. (d) Maharashtra
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Gujarat

Correct Answer:
Correct Answer: Option 3 – Gujarat
Explanation:
After confirmed tiger sightings,Gujaratregained recognition as a tiger-presence state in India's 2026 tiger estimation process, following NTCA confirmation of a resident tiger in the Ratanmahal area — the state's first such recognition in about 33 years.
Important Facts:
• Gujarat had lost its tiger-bearing status decades ago before this reinstatement.
• The recognition followed camera-trap confirmation by the National Tiger Conservation Authority (NTCA).
• Confirmed via Drishti IAS, DeshGujarat, and Indian Masterminds reports.
RRB Group D 2025-26 – 19 August 2026 Shift 3 · Species discoveries and conservation news

Q11. Which tiger reserve is slated to become the third cheetah habitat in Madhya Pradesh, according to announcements in early 2026?

  1. (a) Veerangana Durgavati Tiger Reserve
  2. (b) Bandhavgarh Tiger Reserve
  3. (c) Satpura Tiger Reserve
  4. (d) Panna Tiger Reserve
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Veerangana Durgavati Tiger Reserve

Correct Answer:
Correct Answer: Option 1 – Veerangana Durgavati Tiger Reserve
Explanation:
Announcements in late 2025/early 2026 confirmed that Veerangana Durgavati Tiger Reserve in Madhya Pradesh will become the state's third cheetah habitat, after Kuno National Park and Gandhi Sagar Wildlife Sanctuary.
Important Facts:
• Madhya Pradesh's Chief Minister announced plans to make it cheetah-ready before the next monsoon.
• Kuno National Park was India's first reintroduction site (Project Cheetah), and Gandhi Sagar Sanctuary is the second.
• Madhya Pradesh is often called the 'Tiger State' and now leads India's cheetah reintroduction efforts too.
RRB Group D 2025-26 – 18 August 2026 Shift 1 · New protected areas and Ramsar sites

Q12. In April 2026, which protected area in Uttar Pradesh was officially designated as India's 99th Ramsar Site for wetland conservation?

  1. (a) Keoladeo National Park
  2. (b) Shekha Jheel Bird Sanctuary
  3. (c) Nal Sarovar Bird Sanctuary
  4. (d) Sultanpur National Park
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Shekha Jheel Bird Sanctuary

India's 99th Ramsar Site
In April 2026, theShekha Jheel Bird Sanctuaryin Uttar Pradesh was officially designated as India's 99th Ramsar Site (wetland of international importance), taking UP's tally of Ramsar sites to 12.
Confirmed by PIB press release (Union Minister Bhupender Yadav's announcement), DD News, and GKToday.
Correct Answer: Shekha Jheel Bird Sanctuary
RRB Group D 2025-26 – 18 August 2026 Shift 2 · Climate summits (COP)

Q13. The World Sustainable Development Summit held in February 2026 in New Delhi mainly focused on which theme?

  1. (a) Transformations: Vision, Voices and Values for Sustainable Development
  2. (b) Partnerships: Innovation, Inclusion and Global Economic Development
  3. (c) Sustainability: Governance, Finance and International Cooperation
  4. (d) Development: Infrastructure, Technology and Social Transformation
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Transformations: Vision, Voices and Values for Sustainable Development

World Sustainable Development Summit 2026
The 25th (Silver Jubilee) edition of TERI'sWorld Sustainable Development Summit (WSDS) 2026, held in New Delhi in February 2026, was themed'Transformations: Vision, Voices and Values for Sustainable Development'.
• TERI press release: 'From Vision to Action: TERI's WSDS Turns 25, Set to Champion Transformations for Sustainable Development'.
• Official WSDS 2026 inaugural session titled 'Transformations through Vision, Voices and Values for Sustainable Development'.
Correct Answer: Transformations: Vision, Voices and Values for Sustainable Development
RRB Group D 2025-26 – 17 August 2026 Shift 2 · Species discoveries and conservation news

Q14. Which location is selected for the Asiatic Lion Conservation Programme as a part of the MoEFCC’s thematic events, before the IBCA Summit 2026?

  1. (a) Gangtok, Sikkim
  2. (b) Gir, Gujarat
  3. (c) Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh
  4. (d) Bhubaneswar, Odisha
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Gir, Gujarat

Asiatic Lion Conservation Programme — IBCA Summit 2026
As part of MoEFCC's five thematic events dedicated to India's big cat species ahead of the IBCA Summit 2026, the Asiatic Lion Conservation Programme ('Lion Species Spotlight') was held atSasan Gir, Gujarat, inaugurated by Union Environment Minister Bhupender Yadav.
• Confirmed by DD News, Orissa Diary and Policy Edge coverage naming Gir/Sasan Gir, Gujarat as the venue for the lion-themed event.
Correct Answer: Gir, Gujarat
RRB Group D 2025-26 – 17 August 2026 Shift 3 · Climate summits (COP)

Q15. India’s updated climate commitment for 2035 includes which emissions-intensity target?

  1. (a) Reducing emissions intensity of GDP by 47% from 2005 levels
  2. (b) Reducing fossil fuel consumption by 90% from 2020 levels
  3. (c) Cutting agricultural methane emissions by 75% nationwide
  4. (d) Achieving complete industrial decarbonisation by the year 2035
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Reducing emissions intensity of GDP by 47% from 2005 levels

India's updated NDC (2031-2035)
India's updated climate commitment (Nationally Determined Contribution) for 2035, approved by the Cabinet, targetsreducing the emissions intensity of GDP by 47% from 2005 levelsby 2035, along with a 60% non-fossil power capacity target.
Confirmed by PIB, Mongabay India, Down To Earth, and Carbon Brief coverage.
Correct Answer: Reducing emissions intensity of GDP by 47% from 2005 levels
RRB Group D 2025-26 – 14 August 2026 Shift 2 · Species discoveries and conservation news

Q16. Which National Park was in the news in 2026 after nine cheetahs from Botswana were released into quarantine enclosures under Project Cheetah?

  1. (a) Kuno National Park, Madhya Pradesh
  2. (b) Gir National Park, Gujarat
  3. (c) Kaziranga National Park, Assam
  4. (d) Hemis National Park, Ladakh
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Kuno National Park, Madhya Pradesh

Answer: Option 1 – Kuno National Park, Madhya Pradesh.
• Nine cheetahs from Botswana were released into quarantine enclosures atKuno National Parkunder Project Cheetah (2026).
RRB Group D 2025-26 – 14 August 2026 Shift 2 · Climate summits (COP)

Q17. What had been the theme of the International Conference on Carbon Markets–Prakriti 2026 organised by the Bureau of Energy Efficiency under the Ministry of Power and Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change in New Delhi?

  1. (a) Promoting Green Technology for Net Zero and Energy Security
  2. (b) Accelerating Renewable Energy for Sustainable Industrial Transformation
  3. (c) Building Climate Resilience through Clean Energy Innovation and Finance
  4. (d) Unlocking Carbon Finance for NDC Implementation through Global Partnerships and Digital Pathways
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) Unlocking Carbon Finance for NDC Implementation through Global Partnerships and Digital Pathways

Answer: Option 4 – Unlocking Carbon Finance for NDC Implementation through Global Partnerships and Digital Pathways.
• This was the theme of the International Conference on Carbon Markets–Prakriti 2026 (BEE).
RRB Group D 2025-26 – 14 August 2026 Shift 3 · New protected areas and Ramsar sites

Q18. Which district in Gujarat gained international recognition with the inclusion of Chhari-Dhand in the Ramsar List in 2026?

  1. (a) Banaskantha district
  2. (b) Vadodara district
  3. (c) Kutch district
  4. (d) Surat district
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Kutch district

Answer: Option 3 – Kutch district.
• Chhari-Dhand (added to the Ramsar List, 2026) lies inKutch district, Gujarat.
RRB Group D 2025-26 – 13 August 2026 Shift 1 · Species discoveries and conservation news

Q19. In April 2026, which of the following national parks recorded its first-ever birth of a cheetah litter in the absolute wild?

  1. (a) Kuno National Park
  2. (b) Bandhavgarh National Park
  3. (c) Pench National Park
  4. (d) Kanha National Park
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Kuno National Park

Answer: Option 1 – Kuno National Park.
•Kuno National Parkrecorded the first cheetah-litter birth in the absolute wild (April 2026).
RRB Group D 2025-26 – 13 August 2026 Shift 2 · Species discoveries and conservation news

Q20. Which national park hosted the ‘Lion’ Species Spotlight Programme inaugurated by Union Environment Minister Bhupender Yadav ahead of the International Big Cat Alliance Summit 2026?

  1. (a) Kanha National Park
  2. (b) Gir National Park
  3. (c) Ranthambore National Park
  4. (d) Bandipur National Park
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Gir National Park

Answer: Option 2 – Gir National Park.
• The 'Lion' Species Spotlight Programme was inaugurated atGir National Park.
RRB Group D 2025-26 – 13 August 2026 Shift 2 · Species discoveries and conservation news

Q21. In March 2026, the birth of cheetah cubs in India was reported from which national park?

  1. (a) Jim Corbett National Park
  2. (b) Kanha National Park
  3. (c) Kuno National Park
  4. (d) Ranthambore National Park
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Kuno National Park

Answer: Option 3 – Kuno National Park.
• Cheetah cubs were born atKuno National Park(March 2026).
RRB Group D 2025-26 – 12 August 2026 Shift 1 · New protected areas and Ramsar sites

Q22. Which bird sanctuary in Uttar Pradesh was added to the Ramsar List in 2026 as a Wetland of International Importance?

  1. (a) Patna Bird Sanctuary
  2. (b) Okhla Bird Sanctuary
  3. (c) Sur Sarovar Bird Sanctuary
  4. (d) Nawabganj Bird Sanctuary
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Patna Bird Sanctuary

Answer: Option 1 – Patna Bird Sanctuary.
•Patna Bird Sanctuary (UP)was added to the Ramsar List in 2026.
RRB Group D 2025-26 – 12 August 2026 Shift 3 · Species discoveries and conservation news

Q23. Which of the following National Parks witnessed the birth of four cubs to an Indian-born female cheetah in the wild in April 2026?

  1. (a) Sundarbans National Park
  2. (b) Kanha National Park
  3. (c) Kuno National Park
  4. (d) Bandhavgarh National Park
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Kuno National Park

Answer: Option 3 – Kuno National Park.
• Four cubs were born to an Indian-born cheetah in the wild atKuno National Park(April 2026).
RRB Group D 2025-26 – 11 August 2026 Shift 1 · New protected areas and Ramsar sites

Q24. In 2026, Chhari-Dhand in Gujarat was in the news after receiving which international environmental recognition?

  1. (a) Global Tiger Habitat status
  2. (b) UNESCO Biosphere Reserve status
  3. (c) Ramsar Site designation
  4. (d) World Heritage Site recognition
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Ramsar Site designation

Answer: Option 3 – Ramsar Site designation.
• Chhari-Dhand (Gujarat) was in the news for being designated aRamsar Site(wetland of international importance).
RRB Group D 2025-26 – 11 August 2026 Shift 2 · New protected areas and Ramsar sites

Q25. Which of the following sanctuaries has been designated as a protected Ramsar site in 2026?

  1. (a) Vikramshila Gangetic Dolphin Sanctuary
  2. (b) Barela Bird Sanctuary
  3. (c) Coringa Wildlife Sanctuary
  4. (d) Patna Bird Sanctuary
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) Patna Bird Sanctuary

Answer: Option 4 – Patna Bird Sanctuary.
•Patna Bird Sanctuarywas designated a Ramsar site in 2026.
RRB Group D 2025-26 – 11 August 2026 Shift 3 · New protected areas and Ramsar sites

Q26. Which wetland was officially designated as India’s 99th Ramsar site in April 2026?

  1. (a) Shekha Jheel Bird Sanctuary
  2. (b) Chhari-Dhand Wetland
  3. (c) Kopra Jalashay
  4. (d) Patna Bird Sanctuary
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Shekha Jheel Bird Sanctuary

Answer: Option 1 – Shekha Jheel Bird Sanctuary.
•Shekha Jheel Bird Sanctuarywas designated India's 99th Ramsar site (April 2026).
RRB Group D 2025-26 – 10 August 2026 Shift 1 · New protected areas and Ramsar sites

Q27. Which of the following bird sanctuaries was included in the list of Ramsar sites in January 2026?

  1. (a) Nagi Bird Sanctuary
  2. (b) Vedanthangal Bird Sanctuary
  3. (c) Patna Bird Sanctuary
  4. (d) Chilika Bird Sanctuary
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Patna Bird Sanctuary

Answer: Option 3 — Patna Bird Sanctuary
Patna Bird Sanctuarywas added to the Ramsar list in Jan 2026 → Option 3. *(Verify against the official key.)*
RRB Group D 2025-26 – 9 August 2026 Shift 1 · New protected areas and Ramsar sites

Q28. Which of the following bird sanctuaries was added to the Ramsar sites list in April 2026?

  1. (a) Bhitarkanika Bird Sanctuary
  2. (b) Vedanthangal Bird Sanctuary
  3. (c) Nandur Madhmeshwar Bird Sanctuary
  4. (d) Shekha Jheel Bird Sanctuary
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) Shekha Jheel Bird Sanctuary

Answer: Option 4 — Shekha Jheel Bird Sanctuary
Shekha Jheel(UP) was added to the Ramsar list in April 2026 → Option 4.
RRB Group D 2025-26 – 6 August 2026 Shift 1 · Climate summits (COP)

Q29. During the COP30 negotiations in Belém, India strongly advocated for developing countries by highlighting the urgent need for enhanced _____.

  1. (a) Industrial production cuts
  2. (b) Cross-border trade curbs
  3. (c) Commercial bank deregulation
  4. (d) Climate finance support
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) Climate finance support

Answer: Option 4 — Climate finance support
At COP30 (Belém), India pushed for enhancedclimate financefor developing nations → Option 4.
RRB Group D 2025-26 – 6 August 2026 Shift 1 · Disasters and extreme weather events - current

Q30. In 2026, the National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) reviewed and expanded an early warning system for Glacial Lake Outburst Floods (GLOFs) after a pilot project in which Himalayan state?

  1. (a) Himachal Pradesh
  2. (b) Sikkim
  3. (c) Uttarakhand
  4. (d) Arunachal Pradesh
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Himachal Pradesh

Answer: Option 1 — Himachal Pradesh
The GLOF early-warning pilot expanded fromHimachal Pradesh→ Option 1. *(Verify against the official key.)*
RRB Group D 2025-26 – 6 August 2026 Shift 2 · Species discoveries and conservation news

Q31. Which organisation constituted a committee in March 2026 to study issues related to Invasive Alien Species in India?

  1. (a) National Green Tribunal
  2. (b) Botanical Survey of India
  3. (c) National Biodiversity Authority
  4. (d) Zoological Survey of India
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) National Biodiversity Authority

Answer: Option 3 — National Biodiversity Authority
TheNational Biodiversity Authorityset up the invasive-alien-species committee (2026) → Option 3. *(Verify against the official key.)*
RRB Group D 2025-26 – 5 August 2026 Shift 2 · New protected areas and Ramsar sites

Q32. According to the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change notification issued during 2026, which of the following wildlife sanctuaries was declared an Eco-Sensitive Zone?

  1. (a) Sultanpur Wildlife Sanctuary
  2. (b) Pobitora Wildlife Sanctuary
  3. (c) Kumbhalgarh Wildlife Sanctuary
  4. (d) Dandeli Wildlife Sanctuary
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Kumbhalgarh Wildlife Sanctuary

Answer: Option 3 — Kumbhalgarh Wildlife Sanctuary
Kumbhalgarh WLS(Rajasthan) was declared an Eco-Sensitive Zone (2026) → Option 3. *(Verify against the official key.)*
RRB Group D 2025-26 – 4 August 2026 Shift 1 · New protected areas and Ramsar sites

Q33. Which bird sanctuary in Uttar Pradesh was included in the list of Ramsar sites in April 2026?

  1. (a) Vedanthangal Bird Sanctuary
  2. (b) Chitrangudi Bird Sanctuary
  3. (c) Shekha Jheel Bird Sanctuary
  4. (d) Udhwa Lake Bird Sanctuary
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Shekha Jheel Bird Sanctuary

Answer: Option 3 — Shekha Jheel Bird Sanctuary
Shekha Jheel(UP) was added to the Ramsar list in April 2026 → Option 3. *(Vedanthangal & Chitrangudi are in Tamil Nadu, Udhwa in Jharkhand.)*
RRB NTPC UG CBT-1 2025-26 – 20 June 2026 Shift 3 · Species discoveries and conservation news

Q34. In December 2025, which state government announced that the Veerangana Durgavati Tiger Reserve will be developed as a cheetah habitat before the onset of the next monsoon?

  1. (a) Bihar
  2. (b) Madhya Pradesh
  3. (c) Nagaland
  4. (d) Uttar Pradesh
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Madhya Pradesh

Topic: Current Affairs - December 2025
Veerangana Durgavati Tiger Reserveis located inMadhya Pradesh.
In December 2025, MP government announced development of this reserve as acheetah habitatbefore next monsoon.
This is part of India'sCheetah Reintroduction Project, with Kuno National Park (MP) being the primary site.
Answer: Option 2 → Madhya Pradesh
RRB NTPC UG CBT-1 2025-26 – 20 June 2026 Shift 3 · Climate summits (COP)

Q35. Which leader in their keynote address at the World Sustainable Development Summit 2025 exemplified "Guyana’s growth without compromising environmental sustainability"?

  1. (a) Mark Phillips
  2. (b) Marina Silva
  3. (c) Bharrat Jagdeo
  4. (d) Vibha Dhawan
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Mark Phillips

World Sustainable Development Summit 2025
The keynote address highlightingGuyana's growth without compromising environmental sustainabilitywas delivered byMark Phillips.
Mark Phillips is thePrime Minister of Guyanaand emphasized Guyana's commitment to sustainable development while maintaining environmental protection.
The summit focused on balancing economic growth with ecological conservation.
Answer: Option 1 → Mark Phillips
RRB NTPC UG CBT-1 2025-26 – 18 June 2026 Shift 3 · Species discoveries and conservation news

Q36. In 2025, which stratovolcano in New Zealand was granted individual legal status, becoming the third natural entity in the country to receive personhood?

  1. (a) Taranaki Maunga
  2. (b) Mount Ruapehu
  3. (c) Mount Cook
  4. (d) Mount Tongariro
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Taranaki Maunga

Topic: New Zealand Environmental Law & Indigenous Rights
In 2025,Taranaki Maunga (Mount Taranaki)was granted legal personhood status.
This follows New Zealand's precedent of granting personhood to:
• Te Urewera (2014) - former national park
• Whanganui River (2017) - sacred river
Legal personhood allows the mountain to have rights and interests represented in court, recognizing Māori cultural significance.
Answer: Option 1 → Taranaki Maunga
RRB NTPC UG CBT-1 2025-26 – 17 June 2026 Shift 2 · Species discoveries and conservation news

Q37. Which country has gifted India eight cheetahs for the next phase of Project Cheetah, as witnessed during a symbolic release at Mokolodi Nature Reserve in November 2025?

  1. (a) South Africa
  2. (b) Namibia
  3. (c) Botswana
  4. (d) Kenya
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Botswana

Topic: Project Cheetah - International Cooperation
Project Cheetah aims to reintroduce cheetahs in India after their extinction in 1952.
November 2025 Event:
Eight cheetahs were gifted to India byBotswana.
Symbolic release ceremony held atMokolodi Nature Reserve, Botswana.
This follows earlier cheetah transfers from Namibia and South Africa.
Answer: Option 3 → Botswana
RRB NTPC UG CBT-1 2025-26 – 13 June 2026 Shift 2 · New protected areas and Ramsar sites

Q38. Which high-altitude wildlife area was declared India’s first “cold desert biosphere reserve” under UNESCO in 2025?

  1. (a) Spiti Valley
  2. (b) Kargil Wildlife Sanctuary
  3. (c) Nubra Valley Reserve
  4. (d) Ladakh Wildlife Division
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Spiti Valley

Cold Desert Biosphere Reserve
Spiti Valley in Himachal Pradesh was declared India's first cold desert biosphere reserve under UNESCO in 2025.
Key Facts:
• Located in trans-Himalayan region
• Known for unique cold desert ecosystem
• Home to snow leopard, Tibetan wolf, ibex
Answer: Option 1 → Spiti Valley
SSC GD 2026 – 29 May 2026 Shift 1 · Species discoveries and conservation news

Q39. In 2025, _____ species, Zographetus mathewi , has been discovered in Western Ghats.

  1. (a) Butterfly
  2. (b) Cat
  3. (c) Bat
  4. (d) Ant
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Butterfly

Correct Answer: Butterfly — Option (a)
Zographetus mathewi is a new species of butterfly (a skipper butterfly) discovered in the Western Ghats in 2025. About Zographetus mathewi : Type: Butterfly — specifically a skipper butterfly (family Hesperiidae ); Discovered: 2025; Location of discovery: Western Ghats, India; Naming: Named after the discoverer/in honor of a researcher; Significance: A new species addition to India's butterfly diversity; Western Ghats context: The Western Ghats (also called Sahyadri) is one of the world's eight 'hottest hotspots' of biological diversity (UNESCO World Heritage Site); Rich in endemic species; A biodiversity treasure house; About Skipper butterflies ( Hesperiidae ): A large family of butterflies; Characterized by stout bodies and hooked antennae; Rapid, darting flight; India has hundreds of species of skipper butterflies; About Western Ghats biodiversity: The Western Ghats runs along the western edge of the Indian peninsula (~1,600 km) through states of Gujarat, Maharashtra, Goa, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, and Kerala; Has a high rate of endemism — species found nowhere else in the world; Regular new species discoveries are made here — plants, insects, reptiles, amphibians, fish, and birds; Recent discoveries: Multiple new species of frogs, geckos, snakes, fishes, and insects (including butterflies) are regularly discovered in the Western Ghats; India has about 1,300+ species of butterflies, making it one of the most butterfly-rich countries in the world.
Option (b) Cat — Incorrect: Zographetus mathewi is NOT a cat species; it is a butterfly (skipper butterfly) discovered in the Western Ghats in 2025; new cat species discoveries in India would be major news events; the genus Zographetus belongs to the family Hesperiidae (skippers) — a butterfly family.
Option (c) Bat — Incorrect: Zographetus mathewi is NOT a bat species; it is a butterfly (skipper butterfly) discovered in the Western Ghats in 2025; bat species belong to the order Chiroptera , while butterflies belong to the order Lepidoptera; the genus Zographetus is a butterfly genus in the family Hesperiidae . The candidate selected this incorrect option.
Option (d) Ant — Incorrect: Zographetus mathewi is NOT an ant species; it is a butterfly (skipper butterfly) discovered in the Western Ghats in 2025; ants belong to the order Hymenoptera (like bees and wasps), while butterflies belong to the order Lepidoptera; the genus Zographetus belongs to the butterfly family Hesperiidae (skippers).
SSC GD 2026 – 25 May 2026 Shift 3 · Species discoveries and conservation news

Q40. What is TrailGuard AI established in Similipal Tiger Reserve in February 2025?

  1. (a) A system with AI-enabled cameras
  2. (b) An early warning system for flood-like situations
  3. (c) A UPI-enabled payment application
  4. (d) An AI-enabled application for environmental clearance for mega infrastructure projects
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) A system with AI-enabled cameras

Correct Answer: A system with AI-enabled cameras — Option (a)
TrailGuard AI established in Similipal Tiger Reserve is a system with AI-enabled cameras for wildlife protection, particularly against poaching. About TrailGuard AI: TrailGuard AI is an AI-powered wildlife monitoring and anti-poaching system; Developed by: RESOLVE (a conservation organization) in partnership with Intel and National Geographic Society; How it works: Trail cameras installed at strategic locations in the forest; The cameras capture images of movement (triggered by motion sensors); AI algorithms analyze the images in real-time; If a human is detected (potential poacher), the system automatically sends alerts to forest guards via mobile networks within minutes; The AI distinguishes between humans and animals, reducing false alarms; Advantages over traditional camera traps: Traditional camera traps: Images are collected manually and analyzed later (often after days or weeks); TrailGuard AI: Sends real-time alerts, enabling immediate response; Deployment at Similipal Tiger Reserve: Similipal Tiger Reserve is located in Mayurbhanj district, Odisha; It is one of the largest tiger reserves in India and a biodiversity hotspot; TrailGuard AI was deployed in Similipal in February 2025 to combat poaching; The system has been used in African reserves (Uganda, Kenya) and was expanding to Indian reserves; Significance: Similipal is home to tigers, elephants, gaur, leopards, and unique black tigers (melanistic tigers); AI-driven monitoring helps protect these endangered species more effectively.
Option (b) An early warning system for flood-like situations — Incorrect: TrailGuard AI is a wildlife protection/anti-poaching system using AI cameras — it is NOT related to flood warning; flood early warning systems are different technologies; TrailGuard AI monitors for human intruders (poachers) in wildlife reserves.
Option (c) A UPI-enabled payment application — Incorrect: TrailGuard AI has absolutely no connection to UPI (Unified Payments Interface) or payment systems; it is a wildlife conservation technology using AI-enabled trail cameras for anti-poaching surveillance.
Option (d) An AI-enabled application for environmental clearance for mega infrastructure projects — Incorrect: TrailGuard AI is not related to environmental clearances for infrastructure projects; it is specifically an AI-powered camera surveillance system for wildlife protection against poaching in tiger reserves.
SSC GD 2026 – 22 May 2026 Shift 2 · New protected areas and Ramsar sites

Q41. Which state government established Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar Sanctuary as a new wildlife sanctuary?

  1. (a) Madhya Pradesh
  2. (b) Kerala
  3. (c) Uttarakhand
  4. (d) Punjab
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Madhya Pradesh

Correct Answer: Madhya Pradesh — Option (a)
The Madhya Pradesh government established the Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar Wildlife Sanctuary (also known as Bamitha Wildlife Sanctuary). About Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar Wildlife Sanctuary: The Madhya Pradesh government declared the Bamitha area (also referred to as Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar Sanctuary) as a wildlife sanctuary; Location: Madhya Pradesh — the state with the highest number of wildlife sanctuaries in India; Significance: Named after Dr. Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar (1891-1956) — the chief architect of the Indian Constitution, social reformer, and champion of Dalit rights; About Madhya Pradesh's wildlife: Madhya Pradesh is known as the 'Tiger State of India' (highest tiger population); Major national parks: Kanha Tiger Reserve, Bandhavgarh, Pench, Satpura , Sanjay-Dubri; Wildlife sanctuaries: MP has the largest number of wildlife sanctuaries in India; Other significant wildlife sanctuaries in MP include Ratapani , Nauradehi , Gangau , Sanjay (not to be confused with the national park), etc.; MP is also home to the Ken-Betwa River Link Project — India's first river interlinking project affecting Panna Tiger Reserve; About Dr. B.R. Ambedkar: Born: April 14, 1891 in Mhow (now Dr. Ambedkar Nagar), Madhya Pradesh — hence the significance of naming institutions in MP after him; Died: December 6, 1956; Key contributions: Drafted the Indian Constitution, fought for Dalit rights, founded Buddhism revival in India (converted to Buddhism in 1956), established institutions for Dalit education.
Option (b) Kerala — Incorrect: The Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar Wildlife Sanctuary was established by the Madhya Pradesh government, not Kerala; Kerala's notable wildlife sanctuaries include Periyar, Silent Valley, Wayanad, Chinnar , and Parambikulam .
Option (c) Uttarakhand — Incorrect: The sanctuary named after Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar was established by Madhya Pradesh, not Uttarakhand; Uttarakhand's notable wildlife areas include Jim Corbett (India's first national park), Rajaji, Kedarnath, and Govind Pashu Vihar.
Option (d) Punjab — Incorrect: The Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar Wildlife Sanctuary is in Madhya Pradesh, not Punjab; Punjab's wildlife sanctuaries include Harike Wetland (Ramsar site) and Bir Bhadson.
SSC GD 2026 – 20 May 2026 Shift 2 · Species discoveries and conservation news

Q42. India added _____ new species to its fauna in the year 2024.

  1. (a) 786
  2. (b) 683
  3. (c) 888
  4. (d) 1200
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) 683

Correct Answer: 683 — Option (b)
According to the Zoological Survey of India (ZSI), India added 683 new species to its fauna list in the year 2024. The ZSI publishes annual reports on the addition of new species discovered in India. These new species include insects, fish, reptiles, amphibians, birds, mammals, and other animal groups discovered through systematic surveys and taxonomic research across India's diverse ecosystems — including the Himalayas, Western Ghats, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, and the Northeast biodiversity hotspots. India is one of the world's 17 megadiverse countries and is home to a vast variety of fauna, with new species being regularly discovered by ZSI scientists and researchers collaborating with international institutions.
Option (a) 786 — Incorrect: India added 683 new species to its fauna in 2024, not 786; while India regularly discovers hundreds of new species annually, the specific figure for 2024 as reported by ZSI is 683.
Option (c) 888 — Incorrect: The correct number of new species added to India's fauna in 2024 is 683, not 888; 888 overstates the actual count for that year.
Option (d) 1200 — Incorrect: India added 683 new species (not 1,200) to its fauna in 2024; 1,200 significantly overstates the actual figure reported for new species discovered in India in 2024.
SSC GD 2026 – 19 May 2026 Shift 2 · Species discoveries and conservation news

Q43. The first census of coastal wader birds in India was started in _____ in January 2025.

  1. (a) Raipur
  2. (b) Jammu
  3. (c) Chennai
  4. (d) Jamnagar
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) Jamnagar

Correct Answer: Jamnagar — Option (d)
India's first-ever census of coastal wader birds (shore birds) was initiated in Jamnagar, Gujarat in January 2025. Jamnagar is home to the Marine National Park and Sanctuary, the first marine national park in India, located in the Gulf of Kutch. The region's extensive coastal mudflats, mangroves, and wetlands provide ideal habitat for migratory wader birds (shorebirds). The census was conducted to assess the population, diversity, and distribution of wader species (such as sandpipers, plovers, stilts, avocets, and godwits) along India's coastline. This baseline data is crucial for conservation planning and monitoring the impact of climate change on migratory bird populations.
Option (a) Raipur — Incorrect: Raipur is the capital of Chhattisgarh, an inland state; it does not have coastal areas suitable for wader bird census activities.
Option (b) Jammu — Incorrect: Jammu is a city in Jammu & Kashmir and is not located on the coast; the first coastal wader bird census began in Jamnagar, Gujarat.
Option (c) Chennai — Incorrect: While Chennai (Tamil Nadu) has a long coastline, the first coastal wader bird census in India was initiated in Jamnagar, Gujarat, not Chennai.
SSC GD 2026 – 9 May 2026 Shift 2 · New protected areas and Ramsar sites

Q44. Which of the following Tiger Reserves has been notified as the 56th Tiger Reserve of India?

  1. (a) Guru Ghasidas-Tamor Pingla Tiger Reserve
  2. (b) Bandhavgarh Tiger Reserve
  3. (c) Sundarbans Tiger Reserve
  4. (d) Kanha Tiger Reserve
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Guru Ghasidas-Tamor Pingla Tiger Reserve

Correct Answer: Guru Ghasidas-Tamor Pingla Tiger Reserve — Option (a)
Guru Ghasidas-Tamor Pingla Tiger Reserve in Chhattisgarh was notified as the 56th Tiger Reserve of India. The reserve is located in the Koriya and Surajpur districts of Chhattisgarh and covers a large area encompassing the Guru Ghasidas National Park and Tamor Pingla Wildlife Sanctuary. India's tiger reserves are notified under Project Tiger (now part of the National Tiger Conservation Authority — NTCA). India has significantly increased its tiger population and the number of tiger reserves as part of its conservation efforts, making it the country with the highest tiger population in the world.
Option (b) Bandhavgarh Tiger Reserve — Incorrect: Bandhavgarh Tiger Reserve in Madhya Pradesh is one of the oldest and most renowned tiger reserves but is NOT the 56th Tiger Reserve.
Option (c) Sundarbans Tiger Reserve — Incorrect: Sundarbans Tiger Reserve (West Bengal) is a much older tiger reserve; it was not the 56th notified reserve.
Option (d) Kanha Tiger Reserve — Incorrect: Kanha Tiger Reserve in Madhya Pradesh is one of India's first and most famous tiger reserves; it is not the 56th notified reserve.
RRB NTPC UG CBT-1 2025-26 – 9 May 2026 Shift 1 · Climate summits (COP)

Q45. Which session of the UN Climate Change Conference was held in Baku, Azerbaijan, in November 2024?

  1. (a) COP28
  2. (b) COP26
  3. (c) COP29
  4. (d) COP27
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) COP29

Topic: UN Climate Change Conference (COP)
COP29 was held inBaku, AzerbaijanfromNovember 11-22, 2024.
Key Focus: Climate finance, loss and damage fund, and emission reduction targets.
Previous: COP28 (Dubai 2023), COP27 (Egypt 2022), COP26 (Glasgow 2021).
Answer: Option 3 → COP29
RRB NTPC UG CBT-1 2025-26 – 9 May 2026 Shift 3 · Climate summits (COP)

Q46. What is the theme of the 24ᵗʰ World Sustainable Development Summit (WSDS 2025) organized by The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI)?

  1. (a) "Green Technology for Future Economies"
  2. (b) "Biodiversity Conservation and Climate Resilience"
  3. (c) "Partnerships for Accelerating Sustainable Development and Climate Solutions"
  4. (d) "Innovations for Carbon Neutrality"
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) "Partnerships for Accelerating Sustainable Development and Climate Solutions"

24th World Sustainable Development Summit (WSDS 2025)
Organized by:The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI)
Theme: Focus on collaborative efforts and partnerships to achieve sustainable development goals and address climate challenges globally.
The summit emphasizes multi-stakeholder cooperation for climate action and SDG implementation.
Answer: Option 3 → Partnerships for Accelerating Sustainable Development and Climate Solutions
RRB NTPC UG CBT-1 2025-26 – 8 May 2026 Shift 2 · Climate summits (COP)

Q47. Which of the following country will host the 2025 United Nations Ocean Conference?

  1. (a) South Africa
  2. (b) Portugal
  3. (c) France
  4. (d) Barbados
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) France

Topic:2025 UN Ocean Conference
Host Country:France (Nice)
Co-host:Costa Rica
Date:June 2025
The conference focuses on ocean conservation,
marine biodiversity, and sustainable ocean economy.
Answer: Option 3 → France
SSC GD 2026 – 7 May 2026 Shift 2 · Species discoveries and conservation news

Q48. In June 2025, a new species of flowering plant named 'Portulaca bharat ' was discovered in which region of India?

  1. (a) Aravalli Hills
  2. (b) Western Ghats
  3. (c) Eastern Ghats
  4. (d) Thar Desert
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Aravalli Hills

Correct Answer: Aravalli Hills — Option (a)
In June 2025, a new species of flowering plant named 'Portulaca bharat ' was discovered in the Aravalli Hills region of India. The Portulaca genus (purslane family) is known for succulent flowering plants. Portulaca bharat was identified as a new species by researchers conducting biodiversity surveys in the Aravalli range. The Aravalli Hills, one of the oldest mountain ranges in the world, spanning Rajasthan and Haryana, are known for unique flora and fauna. The species was named ' bharat ' in honour of India.
Option (b) Western Ghats — Incorrect: While the Western Ghats is a global biodiversity hotspot and many species are discovered there, Portulaca bharat was discovered in the Aravalli Hills.
Option (c) Eastern Ghats — Incorrect: The Eastern Ghats also have rich biodiversity, but the Portulaca bharat discovery was in the Aravalli Hills region.
Option (d) Thar Desert — Incorrect: While the Thar Desert borders the Aravalli range and some Portulaca species do grow in arid zones, the specific discovery was attributed to the Aravalli Hills.
RRB NTPC UG CBT-1 2025-26 – 7 May 2026 Shift 1 · Species discoveries and conservation news

Q49. Which wildlife sanctuary is set to host its inaugural female cheetah (Dheera) as part of a breeding/translocation initiative in 2025?

  1. (a) Gir Wildlife Sanctuary
  2. (b) Kuno National Park
  3. (c) Gandhi Sagar Wildlife Sanctuary
  4. (d) Ranthambore National Park
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Gandhi Sagar Wildlife Sanctuary

Topic: Wildlife Conservation & Cheetah Translocation
Key Facts:
• India's Cheetah Project began in 2022 at Kuno National Park (MP)
• Gandhi Sagar Wildlife Sanctuary (MP) selected for expansion
•Dheera- first female cheetah to be translocated to Gandhi Sagar in 2025
• Part of breeding and habitat expansion initiative
Answer: Option 3 → Gandhi Sagar Wildlife Sanctuary
RRB NTPC UG CBT-1 2025-26 – 7 May 2026 Shift 3 · Species discoveries and conservation news

Q50. In August 2025, India’s first-ever grassland bird census using passive acoustic monitoring and AI tools was highlighted by the Prime Minister in his Mann ki Baat address. In which national park was this census conducted?

  1. (a) Kaziranga National Park, Assam
  2. (b) Sultanpur National Park, Haryana
  3. (c) Keoladeo National Park, Rajasthan
  4. (d) Jim Corbett National Park, Uttarakhand
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Kaziranga National Park, Assam

Topic: India's First Grassland Bird Census (August 2025)
Key Facts:
1. First-ever grassland bird census usingpassive acoustic monitoring and AI tools
2. Conducted atKaziranga National Park, Assam
3. Highlighted by PM Modi inMann ki Baat address
4. Kaziranga is a UNESCO World Heritage Site known for one-horned rhinoceros and diverse bird species
Answer: Option 1 → Kaziranga National Park, Assam
RRB NTPC GL CBT-1 2025-26 – 27 March 2026 Shift 2 · Species discoveries and conservation news

Q51. What additional species (apart from cheetahs) were released into the wild during the announcement of the third cheetah habitat at Nauradehi in October 2025?

  1. (a) Indian rhinoceros
  2. (b) Leopards
  3. (c) Tigers
  4. (d) Crocodiles
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) Crocodiles

Topic: Wildlife Conservation in India (2025)
In October 2025, during the announcement of the third cheetah habitat atNauradehi Wildlife Sanctuary, the government also releasedcrocodilesinto the wild as part of conservation efforts.
This was part of India's broader wildlife restoration program alongside the cheetah reintroduction project.
Answer: Option 4 → Crocodiles
RRB NTPC GL CBT-1 2025-26 – 25 March 2026 Shift 3 · Climate summits (COP)

Q52. What major climate agreement was discussed during the United Nations Climate Change Conference in November 2025?

  1. (a) Paris Agreement
  2. (b) Kyoto Protocol
  3. (c) Glasgow Pact
  4. (d) Montreal Accord
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Paris Agreement

UN Climate Change Conference (COP) - November 2025
TheParis Agreementremains the primary framework for global climate action since 2015.
COP meetings regularly review and strengthen commitments under the Paris Agreement.
The 2025 conference focused on updating Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) under this agreement.
Answer: Option 1 → Paris Agreement
RRB NTPC GL CBT-1 2025-26 – 22 March 2026 Shift 1 · Disasters and extreme weather events - current

Q53. In July 2025, Himachal Pradesh government began temporarily relocating families, due to landslide threats, from a village called Kalang located in which district?

  1. (a) Kullu district
  2. (b) Kangra district
  3. (c) Mandi district
  4. (d) Shimla district
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Mandi district

Topic:Himachal Pradesh - Recent Events (July 2025)
Kalang Village Relocation
Village Kalang is located inMandi districtof Himachal Pradesh.
Due to severe landslide threats in July 2025, the state government
initiated temporary relocation of families from this village.
Mandi district is prone to landslides during monsoon season.
Answer: Option 3 → Mandi district
RRB NTPC GL CBT-1 2025-26 – 22 March 2026 Shift 2 · Disasters and extreme weather events - current

Q54. Why did nearly 19% of India face drought or drought-like conditions by August 2025 despite earlier heavy rains?

  1. (a) Unusually high temperatures reduced rainfall.
  2. (b) A sharp reversal led to severe rainfall deficits in many regions.
  3. (c) Excessive river damming caused water shortages.
  4. (d) Monsoon onset was delayed across all states.
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) A sharp reversal led to severe rainfall deficits in many regions.

Topic: India Monsoon 2025 — Drought Conditions
Context: Despite heavy rains earlier in the monsoon season, nearly 19% of India experienced drought or drought-like conditions by August 2025.
Key Fact:
A sharp reversal in rainfall patterns occurred after the initial heavy rains, leading to severe rainfall deficits in many regions during the critical monsoon period.
This sudden change disrupted water availability and agricultural activities, causing widespread drought conditions despite the earlier surplus.
Answer: Option 2 → A sharp reversal led to severe rainfall deficits in many regions.
RRB NTPC GL CBT-1 2025-26 – 22 March 2026 Shift 3 · Species discoveries and conservation news

Q55. Which wildlife sanctuary in Madhya Pradesh was announced in October 2025 to be developed as the third cheetah habitat in the state?

  1. (a) Gandhi Sagar Wildlife Sanctuary
  2. (b) Kuno National Park
  3. (c) Nauradehi Wildlife Sanctuary
  4. (d) Madhav National Park
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Nauradehi Wildlife Sanctuary

Topic:Cheetah Habitat in Madhya Pradesh
In October 2025,Nauradehi Wildlife Sanctuarywas announced
as the third cheetah habitat in Madhya Pradesh.
First two habitats: Kuno National Park and Gandhi Sagar.
Nauradehi is located in Sagar district and is the largest
wildlife sanctuary in Madhya Pradesh.
Answer: Option 3 → Nauradehi Wildlife Sanctuary
RRB NTPC GL CBT-1 2025-26 – 22 March 2026 Shift 3 · Climate summits (COP)

Q56. Which international agreement did India reaffirm its commitment to during the 2025 climate summit?

  1. (a) Kyoto Protocol
  2. (b) Montreal Protocol
  3. (c) Basel Convention
  4. (d) Paris Agreement
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) Paris Agreement

Topic: International Climate Agreements
TheParis Agreement(2015) is the current global framework for climate action.
India has consistently reaffirmed its commitment to the Paris Agreement at climate summits, including COP meetings.
Key commitments: Net-zero emissions by 2070, renewable energy targets, and climate finance.
Answer: Option 4 → Paris Agreement
RRB NTPC GL CBT-1 2025-26 – 19 March 2026 Shift 3 · New protected areas and Ramsar sites

Q57. In which Indian state is the Cold Desert Biosphere Reserve, added to UNESCO’s World Network in 2025, located?

  1. (a) Uttarakhand adjoining the Nanda Devi Biosphere Zone
  2. (b) Jammu & Kashmir along the upper Indus valley basin
  3. (c) Himachal Pradesh in the Western Himalayan region
  4. (d) Sikkim near the Kangchenjunga Biosphere landscape
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Himachal Pradesh in the Western Himalayan region

Cold Desert Biosphere Reserve
Location:Himachal Pradesh( Spiti and Lahaul valleys)
Region: Western Himalayan cold desert ecosystem
UNESCO Recognition: Added to World Network of Biosphere Reserves in 2025
Features: High-altitude cold desert, unique flora and fauna, snow leopard habitat
Answer: Option 3 → Himachal Pradesh in the Western Himalayan region
RRB NTPC GL CBT-1 2025-26 – 18 March 2026 Shift 1 · Species discoveries and conservation news

Q58. What action did the Supreme Court take regarding mining near national parks and wildlife sanctuaries on November 13, 2025?

  1. (a) Permitted mining with restrictions
  2. (b) Allowed mining activities anywhere
  3. (c) Banned mining activities within one km
  4. (d) Reduced protection area to 0.5 km
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Banned mining activities within one km

Supreme Court Order - November 13, 2025
The Supreme Court banned all mining activities within1 km radiusof national parks and wildlife sanctuaries.
This decision strengthens wildlife protection by creating a buffer zone around protected areas.
The order aims to prevent environmental degradation and protect biodiversity in sensitive ecological zones.
Answer: Option 3 → Banned mining activities within one km
RRB NTPC GL CBT-1 2025-26 – 18 March 2026 Shift 2 · Climate summits (COP)

Q59. What was the central theme of the 11ᵗʰ World Green Economy Summit held in Dubai in November 2025?

  1. (a) Innovating for Impact
  2. (b) Sustainable Future
  3. (c) Climate Action Now
  4. (d) Leading with Technology
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Innovating for Impact

11th World Green Economy Summit (WGES) 2025
Held in: Dubai, UAE (November 2025)
Central Theme:Innovating for Impact
Focus: Innovation-driven solutions for sustainable development and green economy transformation.
Answer: Option 1 → Innovating for Impact
RRB NTPC GL CBT-1 2025-26 – 18 March 2026 Shift 3 · Climate summits (COP)

Q60. In December 2025, at which international event did India deliver its National Statement highlighting clean energy progress and Mission LiFE ?

  1. (a) 7th Session of the United Nations Environment Assembly (UNEA)
  2. (b) COP26 Climate Summit
  3. (c) G20 Summit
  4. (d) World Environment Day 2024
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) 7th Session of the United Nations Environment Assembly (UNEA)

UNEA-7 (December 2025)
India delivered its National Statement at the 7th Session of the United Nations Environment Assembly held in Nairobi, Kenya.
Key Highlights of India's Statement:
• Showcased progress in clean energy initiatives
• EmphasizedMission LiFE(Lifestyle for Environment)
• Demonstrated commitment to sustainable development
Other Options:
COP26 was held in 2021, G20 Summit is economic forum, World Environment Day 2024 occurred earlier.
Answer: Option 1 → 7th Session of the United Nations Environment Assembly (UNEA)
RRB NTPC GL CBT-1 2025-26 – 18 March 2026 Shift 3 · Species discoveries and conservation news

Q61. Why did the Supreme Court consider mining activities near national parks and sanctuaries hazardous according to the November 13, 2025 order?

  1. (a) Because they create water sources
  2. (b) Because they increase tourism
  3. (c) Because they are dangerous to wildlife
  4. (d) Because they boost local economy
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Because they are dangerous to wildlife

Supreme Court Order - November 13, 2025
Context: Mining activities near protected areas
Key Concern:Wildlife Safety
Mining operations cause habitat destruction, noise pollution,
and environmental degradation that directly threaten wildlife
in national parks and sanctuaries.
Court's View: Such activities pose serious danger to
flora and fauna in protected ecological zones.
Answer: Option 3 → Because they are dangerous to wildlife
RRB NTPC GL CBT-1 2025-26 – 17 March 2026 Shift 2 · Disasters and extreme weather events - current

Q62. Which states suffered 30-70% below-normal rainfall in August 2025, contributing to crop stress and water shortages?

  1. (a) Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Goa, and Gujarat
  2. (b) Rajasthan, Haryana, Sikkim, Assam, Manipur, and Tripura
  3. (c) Ladakh, Arunachal Pradesh, Bihar, UP, Punjab, and the Northeast
  4. (d) Odisha, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Telangana, and Andhra Pradesh
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Ladakh, Arunachal Pradesh, Bihar, UP, Punjab, and the Northeast

Regions with30-70% below-normal rainfall:
•Northern States:Ladakh, Punjab, Haryana, UP, Bihar
•Northeast Region:Arunachal Pradesh and other NE states
Impact:Severe crop stress, water shortages, agricultural distress
These regions faced significant monsoon deficit affecting kharif crops.
Answer: Option 3 → Ladakh, Arunachal Pradesh, Bihar, UP, Punjab, and the Northeast
RRB NTPC GL CBT-1 2025-26 – 16 March 2026 Shift 3 · Environmental rules, campaigns and summits - current

Q63. What was the primary objective of the 'Blue Skies 2025' campaign launched in August 2025?

  1. (a) Increase forest cover
  2. (b) Promote solar energy
  3. (c) Reduce urban air pollution
  4. (d) Conserve wetlands
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Reduce urban air pollution

Launched August 2025 as a global air quality improvement initiative.
Primary objective: Reduce urban air pollution in major cities.
Key Facts:
• Aligns with UN Environment Programme goals.
• Targets PM2.5 and PM10 reduction in cities.
• India participates via CPCB data sharing.
• Delhi, Mumbai among highly targeted cities.
Answer: Option 3 → Reduce urban air pollution
SSC MTS 2025 – 10 February 2026 Shift 2 · Environmental rules, campaigns and summits - current

Q64. The "Cancel Coal" case, which was seen in news in December 2024, is associated with which of the following country?

  1. (a) South Africa
  2. (b) India
  3. (c) Vietnam
  4. (d) Iran
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) South Africa

Correct Answer: 1 – South Africa.
The "Cancel Coal" case is associated with South Africa. In December 2024, this legal case gained international attention as environmental and civil society groups in South Africa challenged the government's continued reliance on coal-fired power plants. The case was part of broader climate litigation efforts to push South Africa to phase out coal and transition to cleaner energy sources.
India (Option 2), Vietnam (Option 3), and Iran (Option 4) are not associated with the "Cancel Coal" case in news from December 2024.
Delhi Police Head Constable (Ministerial) 2025-26 – 8 January 2026 Shift 1 · Species discoveries and conservation news

Q65. Read the following statements about the Gangetic River Dolphin and choose the correct option:
Statement 1: India has conducted its first-ever 'Ganges River Dolphin tagging project' in Assam.
Statement 2: These dolphins can live in both rivers and oceans.
Statement 3: Most of the world's Ganges dolphins are found in India.

  1. (a) Only 1 and 2 are correct
  2. (b) Only 1 and 3 are correct
  3. (c) Only 2 and 3 are correct
  4. (d) 1, 2, and 3 all are correct
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Only 1 and 3 are correct

Correct Answer: Option 2 – Only 1 and 3 are correct
Statement 1 is CORRECT: India conducted its first-ever Ganges River Dolphin tagging project in Assam (in the Brahmaputra river system) to study migration patterns and habitat use.
Statement 2 is INCORRECT: Gangetic River Dolphins (Platanista gangetica ) are strictly freshwater animals. They cannot live in oceans or saltwater. They are found exclusively in the Ganga-Brahmaputra-Meghna and Karnaphuli- Sangu river systems.
Statement 3 is CORRECT: India has the largest population of Ganges River Dolphins in the world, with an estimated population of around 2,500 dolphins, making India home to most of the world's Gangetic dolphins.
Why other options are wrong:
Options 1, 3, 4: All include Statement 2, which is incorrect.
Delhi Police Constable (Exe) 2025-26 – 5 January 2026 Shift 3 · Species discoveries and conservation news

Q66. A rare 'Golden Tiger', known for a color variation, was spotted in which national park in 2024?

  1. (a) Jim Corbett
  2. (b) Bandipur
  3. (c) Ranthambore
  4. (d) Kaziranga
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) Kaziranga

The correct answer is (d) Kaziranga.
In 2024, a rare Golden Tiger (also called a Tabby Tiger or Strawberry Tiger) was spotted in Kaziranga National Park, Assam. The golden coloration is caused by a recessive mutation affecting the pigmentation genes. Kaziranga, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is home to a significant tiger population.
(a) Jim Corbett: A major tiger reserve in Uttarakhand; golden tiger was not the 2024 sighting noted here.
(b) Bandipur : A tiger reserve in Karnataka; not the location of the 2024 golden tiger sighting.
(c) Ranthambore: A famous tiger reserve in Rajasthan; not the location of the 2024 golden tiger sighting.
Delhi Police Constable (Exe) 2025-26 – 24 December 2025 Shift 2 · Species discoveries and conservation news

Q67. The Central Government has approved India's first white tiger breeding centre . In which specific city/region and state is this centre being established?

  1. (a) New Delhi (Delhi)
  2. (b) Patna (Bihar)
  3. (c) Rewa (Madhya Pradesh)
  4. (d) Agra (Uttar Pradesh)
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Rewa (Madhya Pradesh)

The correct answer is Rewa (Madhya Pradesh) (Option 3).
India's first white tiger breeding centre has been approved to be established in Rewa, Madhya Pradesh. Rewa has a historic connection to white tigers — the first white tiger ever captured in the wild, Mohan, was found in Rewa in 1951. This breeding centre will help conserve this rare genetic variant of the Bengal tiger.
Option 1 - New Delhi: The national capital does not host wildlife breeding facilities of this kind; the white tiger centre is in Rewa.
Option 2 - Patna (Bihar): Bihar's Patna is not the location for India's first white tiger breeding centre .
Option 4 - Agra (Uttar Pradesh): Agra is known for the Taj Mahal; it is not the approved site for the white tiger breeding centre .
Delhi Police Constable (Exe) 2025-26 – 23 December 2025 Shift 3 · New protected areas and Ramsar sites

Q68. Which state government has declared the Dhanushkodi area as the 'Greater Flamingo Sanctuary'?

  1. (a) Kerala
  2. (b) Andhra Pradesh
  3. (c) Tamil Nadu
  4. (d) Odisha
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Tamil Nadu

The correct answer is Tamil Nadu (Option 3).
The Tamil Nadu government declared the Dhanushkodi area (near Rameswaram, at the southeastern tip of Tamil Nadu) as the 'Greater Flamingo Sanctuary.' The region attracts thousands of flamingos, especially during winter months, and the sanctuary aims to protect their habitat.
Option 1 - Kerala: Kerala does not include the Dhanushkodi area, which is located at the southern tip of Tamil Nadu's Pamban Island.
Option 2 - Andhra Pradesh: Andhra Pradesh is a separate state and does not encompass Dhanushkodi , which is geographically part of Tamil Nadu.
Option 4 - Odisha: Odisha has the Chilika Lake which hosts flamingos and other migratory birds, but the Greater Flamingo Sanctuary at Dhanushkodi was declared by Tamil Nadu.
SSC Stenographer 2025 – 8 December 2025 Shift 3 · Species discoveries and conservation news

Q69. Read the below statements and choose the correct option:
Statement 1: India's first initiative to track Fishing Cats through radio-collars has been introduced at Coringa Wildlife Sanctuary.
Statement 2: Fishing Cats are primarily found in coastal wetlands and mangrove ecosystems.

  1. (a) Both Statements 1 and 2 are correct
  2. (b) Only Statement 1 is correct
  3. (c) Only Statement 2 is correct
  4. (d) Neither Statement 1 nor 2 is correct
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Both Statements 1 and 2 are correct

Both statements are correct. India’s first initiative to track Fishing Cats using radio-collars was indeed launched at Coringa Wildlife Sanctuary in Andhra Pradesh , which is known for its mangrove ecosystem. This initiative aims to study the movement and behaviour of Fishing Cats, which are vulnerable species. Fishing Cats are semi-aquatic wild cats and are primarily found in wetlands, marshes, and mangrove habitats along India’s eastern coast, including Sundarbans and Coringa. Thus, both statement 1 and statement 2 are factually correct.
SSC Stenographer 2025 – 7 December 2025 Shift 3 · Species discoveries and conservation news

Q70. Read the following statements and choose the correct option:
Statement 1: Karnataka has the highest elephant population among Southern States.
Statement 2: A high number of juvenile elephant deaths in Karnataka are due to Elephant Endotheliotropic Herpesvirus (EEHV).

  1. (a) Only Statement 1 is correct
  2. (b) Neither Statement 1 nor 2 is correct
  3. (c) Both Statements 1 and 2 are correct
  4. (d) Only Statement 2 is correct
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Both Statements 1 and 2 are correct

Both statements are correct. Karnataka has the largest elephant population among Southern states, particularly in areas like Bandipur, Nagarhole, and Bannerghatta. Additionally, juvenile elephant deaths have been reported in Karnataka due to Elephant Endotheliotropic Herpesvirus (EEHV) , a deadly disease affecting young elephants.
SSC CHSL Tier-1 2025 – 30 November 2025 Shift 2 · Species discoveries and conservation news

Q71. As of June 2025, which of the following city has surpassed Mumbai to become the India's leopard capital?

  1. (a) Chennai
  2. (b) Bengaluru
  3. (c) Bhopal
  4. (d) Hyderabad
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Bengaluru

Correct Answer: Option 2 – Bengaluru
As of June 2025, Bengaluru (Bangalore) has surpassed Mumbai to become India's leopard capital. The city's growing green spaces, forested areas in its periphery, and proximity to the Bannerghatta National Park have contributed to a significant leopard population in and around the city.
Why other options are wrong:
Option 1 (Chennai): Chennai has not been reported as having a significant urban leopard population surpassing Mumbai.
Option 3 (Bhopal): While Bhopal has lakes and some wildlife, it is not associated with being the leopard capital.
Option 4 (Hyderabad): Hyderabad was not reported as surpassing Mumbai in leopard population.
SSC CHSL Tier-1 2025 – 24 November 2025 Shift 1 · Species discoveries and conservation news

Q72. A long-lost velvet worm species Typhloperipatus Williamsoni , has been rediscovered after 111 years in ___.

  1. (a) Arunachal Pradesh
  2. (b) Kerala
  3. (c) Madhya Pradesh
  4. (d) Maharashtra
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Arunachal Pradesh

Correct Answer: Arunachal Pradesh (Option 1)
The rare velvet worm species Typhloperipatus Williamsoni was rediscovered after 111 years in Arunachal Pradesh. It was first recorded in 1913 from the Northeast Indian region and was not sighted again until its recent rediscovery. Velvet worms ( Onychophora ) are ancient invertebrates considered 'living fossils,' and Arunachal Pradesh's rich biodiversity makes it home to many rare species.
Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, and Maharashtra are not the states where this species was rediscovered; these states have different ecological zones not associated with this species' known range.
SSC CHSL Tier-1 2025 – 21 November 2025 Shift 1 · New protected areas and Ramsar sites

Q73. Which of the following protected area of Odisha has been declared the 107th National Park of India?

  1. (a) Simlipal National Park
  2. (b) Bhitarkanika National Park
  3. (c) Satkosia National Park
  4. (d) Nandankanan National Park
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Simlipal National Park

Simlipal National Park in Odisha was declared India's 107th National Park. Simlipal is a biosphere reserve and tiger reserve located in the Mayurbhanj district of Odisha. It is known for its melanistic (black) tigers, which are rare in the world. Why other options are wrong: Option 2 - Bhitarkanika National Park: Another protected area in Odisha known for saltwater crocodiles, but it is not the 107th National Park. Option 3 - Satkosia National Park: A national park in Odisha on the banks of the Mahanadi river , but not the 107th. Option 4 - Nandankanan National Park: Located near Bhubaneswar in Odisha; not the 107th National Park.
SSC CHSL Tier-1 2025 – 21 November 2025 Shift 2 · Species discoveries and conservation news

Q74. To protect one-horned rhinos from poachers which state has launched the Operation Falcon in August 2025?

  1. (a) Assam
  2. (b) Uttarakhand
  3. (c) Madhya Pradesh
  4. (d) Karnataka
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Assam

Correct Answer: Assam (Option 1)
Assam launched 'Operation Falcon' in August 2025 to protect the Indian One-Horned Rhinoceros (Rhinoceros unicornis) from poachers. Assam is home to Kaziranga National Park (a UNESCO World Heritage Site) which hosts the world's largest population of the Indian one-horned rhino (over 2,600 rhinos). Poaching for rhino horns (used in traditional medicine) has been a major threat. Operation Falcon involved intensified surveillance and anti-poaching patrols.
Uttarakhand, Madhya Pradesh, and Karnataka do not have significant one-horned rhino populations and did not launch this operation.
SSC CHSL Tier-1 2025 – 20 November 2025 Shift 2 · Species discoveries and conservation news

Q75. In March 2025, the 7th meeting of the National Board for Wildlife held at _____.

  1. (a) Manas National Park
  2. (b) Gir National Park
  3. (c) Kanha National Park
  4. (d) Silent Valley National Park
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Gir National Park

Correct Answer: Gir National Park
The 7th meeting of the National Board for Wildlife (NBWL) was held at Gir National Park, Gujarat in March 2025. The meeting was chaired by PM Narendra Modi. Gir National Park is the only habitat of the Asiatic Lion in the world. The NBWL is the apex body for wildlife conservation in India, chaired by the Prime Minister, and meets periodically to review wildlife conservation policies.
Why other options are wrong:
- Manas National Park: Located in Assam; UNESCO World Heritage Site for tigers and elephants.
- Kanha National Park: Located in Madhya Pradesh; famous for Project Tiger.
- Silent Valley National Park: Located in Kerala; known for lion-tailed macaques.
SSC CHSL Tier-1 2025 – 19 November 2025 Shift 2 · New protected areas and Ramsar sites

Q76. In June 2025, 2 new Ramsar sites from which state has been included in the list of Ramsar sites in India?

  1. (a) Odisha
  2. (b) Rajasthan
  3. (c) Gujarat
  4. (d) Maharashtra
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Rajasthan

Correct Answer: Rajasthan (Option 2)
In June 2025, two new Ramsar sites from Rajasthan were added to the list of Ramsar wetlands in India. Ramsar sites are wetlands of international importance designated under the Ramsar Convention (Convention on Wetlands). Rajasthan's inclusion of new sites highlights the state's significant wetland ecosystems.
Why others are wrong:
Option 1 - Odisha: While Odisha has Ramsar sites (like Chilika Lake), the new sites added in June 2025 were from Rajasthan.
Option 3 - Gujarat: The new June 2025 additions were from Rajasthan, not Gujarat.
Option 4 - Maharashtra: The new June 2025 additions were from Rajasthan, not Maharashtra.
SSC CHSL Tier-1 2025 – 18 November 2025 Shift 1 · Species discoveries and conservation news

Q77. The TrailGuard AI system has implemented as an anti-poaching tool in _____.

  1. (a) Periyar Tiger Reserve
  2. (b) Valmiki Tiger Reserve
  3. (c) Similipal Tiger Reserve
  4. (d) Gir National Park
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Similipal Tiger Reserve

The TrailGuard AI system, an artificial intelligence-powered camera trap and anti-poaching tool developed by RESOLVE and Intel, has been implemented at Similipal Tiger Reserve in Odisha, India. This system uses AI to detect and alert forest guards about poachers and wildlife threats in real time. Why other options are wrong: Option 1 - Periyar Tiger Reserve: Located in Kerala; the TrailGuard AI deployment was specifically at Similipal . Option 2 - Valmiki Tiger Reserve: Located in Bihar; not the location of TrailGuard AI deployment. Option 4 - Gir National Park: Located in Gujarat, known for Asiatic lions; not where TrailGuard AI was implemented.
SSC CHSL Tier-1 2025 – 18 November 2025 Shift 2 · Species discoveries and conservation news

Q78. As per the "Status of Tigers in Kaziranga, 2024" report what is the total number of tigers in Kaziranga Tiger reserve?

  1. (a) 355
  2. (b) 68
  3. (c) 148
  4. (d) 252
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) 148

Correct Answer: 148 (Option 3)
According to the 'Status of Tigers in Kaziranga, 2024' report, the total number of tigers in the Kaziranga Tiger Reserve (Assam) is 148. Kaziranga National Park and Tiger Reserve is a UNESCO World Heritage Site, famous for the Indian one-horned rhinoceros. It is also one of the most significant tiger habitats in India.
355 is the approximate tiger count for Corbett Tiger Reserve (the largest). 68 and 252 are incorrect figures for Kaziranga.
SSC CHSL Tier-1 2025 – 18 November 2025 Shift 3 · Species discoveries and conservation news

Q79. Which of the following two states have jointly conducted a Nilgiri Tahr census in April 2025?

  1. (a) Odisha and Jharkhand
  2. (b) Odisha and West Bengal
  3. (c) Kerala and Tamil Nadu
  4. (d) Maharashtra and Karnataka
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Kerala and Tamil Nadu

Correct Answer: Kerala and Tamil Nadu (Option 3)
Kerala and Tamil Nadu jointly conducted the Nilgiri Tahr ( Nilgiritragus hylocrius ) census in April 2025. The Nilgiri Tahr is an endangered mountain ungulate (wild goat) endemic to the Nilgiri Hills and the Western Ghats of South India. It is the State animal of Tamil Nadu. Its habitat spans both Kerala and Tamil Nadu, making a joint census important. The Eravikulam National Park in Kerala is home to the largest population of Nilgiri Tahr.
Odisha-Jharkhand, Odisha-West Bengal, and Maharashtra-Karnataka are incorrect state combinations for this census, as Nilgiri Tahr is not found in those regions.
SSC CHSL Tier-1 2025 – 18 November 2025 Shift 3 · New protected areas and Ramsar sites

Q80. As of July 2025, how many total Ramsar Sites does India has?

  1. (a) 75
  2. (b) 82
  3. (c) 85
  4. (d) 91
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) 91

Correct Answer: 91 (Option 4)
As of July 2025, India has 91 Ramsar Sites (wetlands of international importance). India has been steadily increasing its Ramsar Sites in recent years. The Ramsar Convention is an international treaty for the conservation and sustainable use of wetlands. India has one of the highest numbers of Ramsar Sites in the world. The first two Ramsar Sites designated in India (1981) were Chilika Lake (Odisha) and Keoladeo National Park (Rajasthan).
75, 82, and 85 are earlier/incorrect counts. India had 75 sites as of 2023, and the number increased to 91 by July 2025.
SSC CHSL Tier-1 2025 – 15 November 2025 Shift 1 · New protected areas and Ramsar sites

Q81. As of June 2025, how many Ramsar sites are there in India?

  1. (a) 91
  2. (b) 155
  3. (c) 79
  4. (d) 123
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) 91

As of June 2025, India has 91 Ramsar sites (wetlands of international importance). India has the highest number of Ramsar sites in Asia and is among the top countries globally with the most designated Ramsar wetlands. Why others are wrong: - 155: This number is incorrect for India's Ramsar sites as of June 2025. - 79: This was the count at an earlier period; it has since increased. - 123: Not the correct number of Ramsar sites in India as of June 2025.
SSC CHSL Tier-1 2025 – 14 November 2025 Shift 3 · Species discoveries and conservation news

Q82. In March 2025, Prime Minister of India laid the foundation stone of National Referral Centre for Wildlife at _____.

  1. (a) Kota
  2. (b) Udaipur
  3. (c) Bhopal
  4. (d) Junagadh
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) Junagadh

Correct Answer: Junagadh
Prime Minister Narendra Modi laid the foundation stone of the National Referral Centre for Wildlife (NRCW) at Junagadh, Gujarat in March 2025. Junagadh is the gateway to the Gir National Park, home to the Asiatic Lion. NRCW will serve as a dedicated centre for treating, rehabilitating, and researching wildlife, especially big cats.
Why other options are wrong:
- Kota: Located in Rajasthan; not the site of NRCW.
- Udaipur: A city in Rajasthan; not associated with this foundation stone.
- Bhopal: Capital of Madhya Pradesh; not the announced site for NRCW.
SSC CHSL Tier-1 2025 – 13 November 2025 Shift 3 · Species discoveries and conservation news

Q83. The Allographa effusosoredica , a newly discovered species in the Western Ghats, belongs to ________.

  1. (a) Lichen
  2. (b) Cat
  3. (c) Bat
  4. (d) Butterfly
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Lichen

Allographa effusosoredica is a newly discovered lichen species found in the Western Ghats of India. Lichens are composite organisms formed by a symbiotic relationship between fungi and photosynthetic partners (algae or cyanobacteria). They are found in diverse ecosystems and serve as environmental health indicators. The other options — cat, bat, butterfly — are animals, not lichens.
SSC CGL Tier-1 2025 – 21 September 2025 Shift 2 · Environmental rules, campaigns and summits - current

Q84. Under the 'National Mission for Clean Ganga', which river was newly added to the 'National Aquatic Ecosystem Restoration Mission' in 2025 for ecological rejuvenation alongside the Ganga mainstream?

  1. (a) (a) Ghaghara River
  2. (b) (b) Gandak River
  3. (c) (c) Son River
  4. (d) (d) Yamuna River
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) (d) Yamuna River

In 2025, the Yamuna River was newly added to the National Aquatic Ecosystem Restoration Mission alongside the Ganga mainstream.
The aim is ecological rejuvenation of these connected river systems.
Hence option (d) (Yamuna River) is correct.
SSC CGL Tier-1 2025 – 16 September 2025 Shift 2 · Species discoveries and conservation news

Q85. Which national park reported a successful tiger population rise in 2024, reaching over 150 tigers?

  1. (a) Ranthambore
  2. (b) Nagarhole National Park
  3. (c) Corbett
  4. (d) Satpura
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Corbett

• Wildlife Current Affairs 2024:
• Jim Corbett National Park (Uttarakhand) reported a significant rise in tiger population in 2024.
• It reported over 150 tigers, making it one of the reserves with the highest tiger density in India.
• Corbett is India's first and oldest national park (established 1936).
• Answer: Corbett
SSC CGL Tier-1 2025 – 15 September 2025 Shift 3 · Species discoveries and conservation news

Q86. Which national park recorded successful reintroduction of the Great Indian Bustard into the wild in 2025?

  1. (a) Sariska National Park
  2. (b) Kuno National Park
  3. (c) Desert National Park
  4. (d) Panna Tiger Reserve
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Desert National Park

• The Great Indian Bustard (GIB) is a critically endangered bird found primarily in Rajasthan.
• Desert National Park in Jaisalmer, Rajasthan is the primary natural habitat of the GIB.
• The park covers the Thar Desert ecosystem, which is the core habitat for GIB conservation efforts.
• In 2025, successful reintroduction of GIB into the wild was recorded at Desert National Park.
• Answer: Desert National Park
RRB NTPC UG CBT-1 2024-25 – 8 September 2025 Shift 1 · Environmental rules, campaigns and summits - current

Q87. What was the theme of the ‘World Sustainable Development Summit’ organised by ‘The Energy and Resources Institute' (TERI) at India Habitat Centre New Delhi in March 2025?

  1. (a) Ecosystem Restoration
  2. (b) Land Restoration, Desertification and Drought Resilience
  3. (c) Partnerships for Accelerating Sustainable Development and Climate Solutions
  4. (d) Invest In Our Planet
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Partnerships for Accelerating Sustainable Development and Climate Solutions

RRB NTPC UG CBT-1 2024-25 – 4 September 2025 Shift 2 · Environmental rules, campaigns and summits - current

Q88. Which of the following cities hosted the 2025 Conferences of the Parties for the Basel, Rotterdam and Stockholm Conventions (BRS COPs)?

  1. (a) Rotterdam
  2. (b) Stockholm
  3. (c) Geneva
  4. (d) Hong Kong
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Geneva

RRB NTPC UG CBT-1 2024-25 – 3 September 2025 Shift 3 · Species discoveries and conservation news

Q89. Which State government launched a cryogenic facility to preserve endangered plant species in February 2025?

  1. (a) Karnataka
  2. (b) Telangana
  3. (c) Tamil Nadu
  4. (d) Kerala
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Tamil Nadu

RRB NTPC UG CBT-1 2024-25 – 1 September 2025 Shift 1 · New protected areas and Ramsar sites

Q90. In January 2025, the Gujarat government declared the 'Inland Mangrove of Guneri', located in which district, as its first Biodiversity Heritage Site (BHS)?

  1. (a) Morbi
  2. (b) Rajkot
  3. (c) Vadodara
  4. (d) Kutch
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) Kutch

RRB NTPC UG CBT-1 2024-25 – 1 September 2025 Shift 2 · Environmental rules, campaigns and summits - current

Q91. The Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC), in collaboration with which of the following universities, organised the symposium ‘India 2047: Building a Climate-Resilient Future’ at Bharat Mandapam, New Delhi, in March 2025?

  1. (a) University College London
  2. (b) Massachusetts Institute of Technology
  3. (c) University of Toronto
  4. (d) Harvard University
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) Harvard University

RRB NTPC UG CBT-1 2024-25 – 1 September 2025 Shift 3 · Environmental rules, campaigns and summits - current

Q92. Which statutory body organised a two-day National Conference on ‘Environment – 2025’ at Vigyan Bhawan, New Delhi, in March 2025?

  1. (a) Central Ground Water Authority
  2. (b) National Biodiversity Authority
  3. (c) National Green Tribunal
  4. (d) Central Pollution Control Board
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) National Green Tribunal

RRB NTPC UG CBT-1 2024-25 – 29 August 2025 Shift 3 · Environmental rules, campaigns and summits - current

Q93. Which hazardous pesticide was agreed to be eliminated under the Stockholm Convention held in Geneva in 2025?

  1. (a) Chlorpyrifos
  2. (b) Glyphosate
  3. (c) Atrazine
  4. (d) DDT
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Chlorpyrifos

RRB NTPC UG CBT-1 2024-25 – 28 August 2025 Shift 3 · Disasters and extreme weather events - current

Q94. Which city in Assam issued evacuation notices to residents in landslide-prone areas due to continuous rainfall in June 2025?

  1. (a) Dibrugarh
  2. (b) Silchar
  3. (c) Guwahati
  4. (d) Jorhat
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Guwahati

RRB NTPC UG CBT-1 2024-25 – 20 August 2025 Shift 1 · Species discoveries and conservation news

Q95. Which of the following is India's first cheetah conservation breeding centre, approved by the Central Zoo Authority (CZA) in 2024?

  1. (a) Banni grasslands
  2. (b) Tadoba National Park
  3. (c) Bandhavgarh National Park
  4. (d) Gandhi Sagar Wildlife Sanctuary
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Banni grasslands

RRB NTPC UG CBT-1 2024-25 – 14 August 2025 Shift 1 · Disasters and extreme weather events - current

Q96. In February 2025, which major Zambian river was polluted by an acid spill from a Chinese-operated copper mine?

  1. (a) Luangwa River
  2. (b) Zambezi River
  3. (c) Chambeshi River
  4. (d) Kafue River
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) Kafue River

RRB NTPC GL CBT-1 2024-25 – 21 June 2025 Shift 1 · Species discoveries and conservation news

Q97. In March 2025, Prime Minister Narendra Modi inaugurated 'Vantara' in Jamnagar, Gujarat. What is the primary purpose of this facility?

  1. (a) To function as a commercial zoo for tourism
  2. (b) To operate as a research institute for agricultural development
  3. (c) To serve as a luxury wildlife safari resort
  4. (d) To act as an advanced animal rescue, conservation and rehabilitation centre
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) To act as an advanced animal rescue, conservation and rehabilitation centre

RRB NTPC GL CBT-1 2024-25 – 21 June 2025 Shift 3 · Environmental rules, campaigns and summits - current

Q98. On 24-25 February 2025, where did the International Conference on Carbon Markets Prakriti 2025 take place?

  1. (a) New Delhi
  2. (b) Chennai
  3. (c) Kolkata
  4. (d) Mumbai
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) New Delhi

RRB NTPC GL CBT-1 2024-25 – 20 June 2025 Shift 2 · Species discoveries and conservation news

Q99. Which body took suo motu cognisance of the news titled 'Experts are alarmed as 350 turtles was ashore dead till January 15', published on 16 January 2025?

  1. (a) National Green Tribunal
  2. (b) High Court of Odisha
  3. (c) High Court of Tamil Nadu
  4. (d) Supreme Court of India
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) National Green Tribunal

RRB NTPC GL CBT-1 2024-25 – 19 June 2025 Shift 1 · Environmental rules, campaigns and summits - current

Q100. Which edition of the World Sustainable Development Summit (WSDS) was held from 5ᵗʰ to 7ᵗʰ March 2025?

  1. (a) 24ᵗʰ
  2. (b) 23ʳᵈ
  3. (c) 28ᵗʰ
  4. (d) 20ᵗʰ
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) 24ᵗʰ

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