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SSC CGL Tier-1 2025 17 September 2025 Shift 2 GK Questions – with answers & solutions

All 24 GK / GS questions asked in SSC CGL Tier-1 2025 on 17 September 2025 Shift 2, with correct answers and short solutions, subject-wise: Static GK, Ancient History, Medieval History, Current Affairs, Geography, Polity.

📚 24 questions🗓️ 17 September 2025⏰ Shift 2
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Subjects: Static GK (10) · Ancient History (1) · Medieval History (1) · Current Affairs (2) · Geography (3) · Polity (3) · Physics (1) · Economics (3)

Static GK (10)

Monuments and Heritage · Colonial and modern architecture in India

Q1. Which of the following is a notable architectural feature of Notre Dame des Anges Church in Puducherry?

  1. (a) Shikhara with amalaka
  2. (b) Transparent enclosure with piers
  3. (c) Minaret with balcony
  4. (d) Corbelled arch with lattice work
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Transparent enclosure with piers

Notre Dame des Anges Church in Puducherry is built in Gothic-French colonial style with a distinctive transparent enclosure supported by piers.
Shikhara, minaret and corbelled arch with lattice are features of Hindu, Islamic and Indo-Saracenic architectures respectively, not this church.
Hence the correct feature is the transparent enclosure with piers.
Festivals, Fairs, Paintings and Crafts · Fairs and melas

Q2. Which of the following best captures the cultural and historical essence of Uttarakhand's Bissu Mela?

  1. (a) A three-day martial arts event by Gorkha settlers in Garhwal to worship Lord Kartikeya as the harvest god.
  2. (b) A week-long Jaunsari tribal fair in Chakrata, thanking for harvest and honoring Santoora Devi, a Durga form.
  3. (c) A pilgrimage where Pandavas are worshipped at stone altars through Himachali Brahmin rituals.
  4. (d) A fasting-based fair restricting women from dancing due to ancestral customs.
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) A week-long Jaunsari tribal fair in Chakrata, thanking for harvest and honoring Santoora Devi, a Durga form.

Bissu Mela is a traditional week-long Jaunsari tribal festival held at Chakrata in Uttarakhand.
It marks gratitude for the harvest and honours Santoora Devi, regarded as a form of Goddess Durga.
It is not a martial arts event, a Pandava pilgrimage or a fasting fair, so the other options are incorrect.
Music and Musical Instruments · Indian classical music - overview and traditions

Q3. Which of the following best describes Achal and Chal swaras in Indian classical music?

  1. (a) All swaras have fixed pitch in both systems
  2. (b) Sa and Pa are fixed; others have variants like Komal or Teevra
  3. (c) Komal and Teevra swaras are used only in Carnatic music
  4. (d) Ga and Ni are always sung in Shuddha form in all styles
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Sa and Pa are fixed; others have variants like Komal or Teevra

Achal swaras are 'fixed' swaras (Sa and Pa); they don't change pitch.
Chal swaras (Re, Ga, Ma, Dha, Ni) can take Komal or Teevra (variant) forms.
Hence the correct description is: Sa and Pa are fixed; others have variants like Komal or Teevra.
Sports · Other sports and tournaments (tennis, chess, badminton, etc.)

Q4. Which of the following is true about "en passant" in chess?

  1. (a) Only after a pawn moves two squares and waits a turn.
  2. (b) Can be done within two moves after the pawn's advance.
  3. (c) Must be done immediately after the pawn moves two squares.
  4. (d) Only if the capturing pawn is on a dark square.
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Must be done immediately after the pawn moves two squares.

En passant is a special pawn-capture rule allowed only on the very next move after an enemy pawn moves two squares forward from its starting position.
If the chance is not taken immediately, the right is lost.
Hence it must be done immediately after the pawn moves two squares.
Sports · Olympic Games

Q5. In which Olympic Games did Leander Paes make his debut before winning India's first Olympic tennis medal in the following edition?

  1. (a) Barcelona Olympic Games
  2. (b) Atlanta Olympic Games
  3. (c) Sydney Olympic Games
  4. (d) New Delhi Olympic Games
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Barcelona Olympic Games

Leander Paes made his Olympic debut at the 1992 Barcelona Olympic Games.
He went on to win India's first Olympic tennis medal (bronze) at the next edition — Atlanta 1996.
Hence his debut was at Barcelona Olympic Games.
Organisations and Headquarters · Regional groupings (SAARC, ASEAN, BIMSTEC, SCO, G20)

Q6. At which BIMSTEC Summit was the agreement to set up the Technology Transfer Facility in Colombo signed?

  1. (a) Third Summit
  2. (b) Fourth Summit
  3. (c) Fifth Summit
  4. (d) Sixth Summit
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Fifth Summit

The 5th BIMSTEC Summit was held in Colombo (2022).
At this summit, the agreement establishing the BIMSTEC Technology Transfer Facility in Colombo was signed.
Hence the answer is the Fifth Summit.
Books and Authors · Modern Indian books and authors

Q7. Who wrote 'An Era of Darkness: The British Empire in India'?

  1. (a) Shashi Tharoor
  2. (b) Vikram Seth
  3. (c) Pavan Varma
  4. (d) Romila Thapar
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Shashi Tharoor

'An Era of Darkness: The British Empire in India' was written by Shashi Tharoor.
It is a critical account of British colonial rule in India.
Vikram Seth, Pavan Varma and Romila Thapar are unrelated to this book.
Space, Defence and Technology · Indian space missions

Q8. Gaganyaan is planned to orbit Earth at approximately what altitude?

  1. (a) 100 km
  2. (b) 400 km
  3. (c) 1000 km
  4. (d) 36,000 km
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) 400 km

ISRO's Gaganyaan mission plans to orbit Earth at a Low Earth Orbit of about 400 km altitude.
100 km is just the boundary of space; 1000 km and 36,000 km are too high.
Hence the altitude is approximately 400 km.
Dances · Folk dances by state

Q9. Consider the statements about Tippani:
1. Originated among Saurashtra women tamping lime floors with wooden rods.
2. Male drummers provide dhol-nagara accompaniment.
Which is/are correct?

  1. (a) Only 1 correct
  2. (b) Only 2 correct
  3. (c) Both 1 & 2 correct
  4. (d) Neither 1 nor 2 correct
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Both 1 & 2 correct

Tippani is a folk dance from the Saurashtra region of Gujarat that originated from women rhythmically tamping lime floors with wooden rods.
Male drummers accompany the dance with dhol and nagara.
Both statements are correct.
Space, Defence and Technology · Indian space missions

Q10. What is India's first successful interplanetary mission?

  1. (a) Chandrayaan-1
  2. (b) Mangalyaan
  3. (c) Gaganyaan
  4. (d) Aditya-L1
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Mangalyaan

Mangalyaan (Mars Orbiter Mission), launched in 2013, was India's first successful interplanetary mission.
Chandrayaan-1 was a Moon mission; Gaganyaan is a planned crewed mission; Aditya-L1 is a Sun observation mission.
Hence Mangalyaan is the correct answer.

Ancient History (1)

Gupta Empire · Gupta administration and economy

Q11. In the context ofGupta dynasty'staxation, which pair is correct?

  1. (a) Adeya – penalty for libellous speech
  2. (b) Bhaga – king's share of produce
  3. (c) Hiranya – forced labour
  4. (d) Dhanya – gold bullion fee
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Bhaga – king's share of produce

Bhaga was the king's share (usually 1/6th) of agricultural produce in the Gupta period — correctly matched.
Adeya was a general tax, not penalty for libellous speech.
Hiranya was a tax paid in cash/gold, not forced labour (which was 'Vishti').
Dhanya was a tax in kind on grain, not a gold bullion fee.

Medieval History (1)

Delhi Sultanate · Slave (Mamluk) dynasty

Q12. Match the dynasties listed in Column A with their respective founders mentioned in Column B:
[TABLE]
Column A: Dynasty | Column B: Founder
A. Tomaras | 1. Bahlul Lodi
B. Khalji Dynasty | 2. Ananga Pala
C. Sayyid Dynasty | 3. Jalaluddin Khalji
D. Lodi Dynasty | 4. Khizr Khan
[/TABLE]

  1. (a) A→2, B→3, C→4, D→1
  2. (b) A→3, B→2, C→4, D→1
  3. (c) A→4, B→3, C→2, D→1
  4. (d) A→1, B→3, C→4, D→2
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) A→2, B→3, C→4, D→1

Tomara dynasty was founded by Ananga Pala.
Khalji dynasty was founded by Jalaluddin Khalji.
Sayyid dynasty was founded by Khizr Khan.
Lodi dynasty was founded by Bahlul Lodi.
Hence A→2, B→3, C→4, D→1.

Current Affairs (2)

Appointments and Resignations · National appointments

Q13. A key appointment in India's disaster management sector was made in 2024. Which Indian Police Service (IPS) officer took charge as the "Director General of the National Disaster Response Force", leading the nation's primary disaster relief efforts?

  1. (a) Piyush Anand
  2. (b) Atul Karwal
  3. (c) Rajeev Kapoor
  4. (d) Pradeep Kumar
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Piyush Anand

Piyush Anand, a senior IPS officer, was appointed as the Director General of the National Disaster Response Force (NDRF) in 2024.
He succeeded Atul Karwal in this role.
Hence the correct answer is Piyush Anand.
Sports - Current · Venues and hosts

Q14. With reference to the All India Inter-Club U21 Men & Women Water Polo League − 2025, which of the following statements are accurate?
1. The tournament was hosted at Mayo College in Ajmer, Rajasthan.
2. It was organized under the aegis of the Western Naval Command.
3. The event took place from 14 to 18 April 2025.

  1. (a) 1 and 2 only
  2. (b) 2 and 3 only
  3. (c) 1 and 3 only
  4. (d) 1, 2 and 3
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) 1 and 3 only

Statement 1 is correct — the tournament was held at Mayo College, Ajmer.
Statement 3 is correct — it was held from 14 to 18 April 2025.
Statement 2 is incorrect — it was not organised under the Western Naval Command.
Hence statements 1 and 3 only are accurate.

Geography (3)

India - Population and Census · Census 2011 - population and growth

Q15. Which of the following is unrelated to the components of population change?

  1. (a) Births
  2. (b) Deaths
  3. (c) Migration
  4. (d) Employment
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) Employment

Population change is governed by three components: births, deaths and migration.
Employment affects economic conditions but is not a direct demographic component of population change.
Hence Employment is unrelated.
India - Minerals, Energy and Industries · Metallic minerals and mines

Q16. Which state among the following is a major contributor to India's iron ore reserves?

  1. (a) Maharashtra
  2. (b) Andhra Pradesh
  3. (c) Karnataka
  4. (d) Tamil Nadu
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Karnataka

Karnataka (along with Odisha, Chhattisgarh and Jharkhand) is one of the largest contributors to India's iron ore reserves.
Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu have only minor iron ore reserves.
Hence the correct answer is Karnataka.
Environment and Protected Areas · Biodiversity hotspots

Q17. Why are the Western Ghats considered globally significant according to UNESCO?

  1. (a) They categorize urban rivers based on their economic contribution to the city.
  2. (b) They influence the Indian monsoon and are among the world's top biodiversity hotspots.
  3. (c) They are located near the equator and host polar species.
  4. (d) They form the only volcanic plateau in peninsular India with desert flora.
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) They influence the Indian monsoon and are among the world's top biodiversity hotspots.

UNESCO recognizes the Western Ghats as a World Heritage Site for their exceptional biodiversity and influence on the Indian monsoon.
They are one of the world's eight 'hottest hotspots' of biological diversity.
The other options are factually wrong, so they are incorrect.

Polity (3)

Amendments and Important Articles · Major constitutional amendments

Q18. Through which Constitutional Amendment was Article 21A introduced, mandating free and compulsory education as a Fundamental Right for children between 6 and 14 years of age?

  1. (a) 42nd Amendment Act
  2. (b) 86th Amendment Act
  3. (c) 93rd Amendment Act
  4. (d) 44th Amendment Act
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) 86th Amendment Act

The86th Constitutional Amendment Act, 2002introduced Article 21A.
It made free and compulsory education for children aged 6–14 years a Fundamental Right.
Hence the answer is 86th Amendment Act.
Special Provisions, Official Language and Miscellaneous Provisions · Services under the Union and States (All India Services)

Q19. Article 312 provides for creation of new _____ by Parliament.

  1. (a) Union Territories
  2. (b) Constitutional Amendments
  3. (c) All India Services
  4. (d) Finance Commissions
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) All India Services

Article 312 empowers Parliament to create newAll India Servicescommon to the Union and the States, provided the Rajya Sabha passes a resolution by 2/3 majority.
Union Territories are created via constitutional changes, Constitutional Amendments are governed by Article 368, and Finance Commissions are governed by Article 280.
Hence the answer is All India Services.
Emergency and Centre-State Relations · Inter-state water disputes and inter-state trade

Q20. Consider the following statements:
1. Article 262 empowers Parliament to set up tribunals for river disputes.
2. The Supreme Court has appellate jurisdiction in such disputes.
Which of the above is/are correct?

  1. (a) Only 1
  2. (b) Only 2
  3. (c) Both 1 and 2
  4. (d) Neither 1 nor 2
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Only 1

Article 262 allows Parliament to provide for adjudication of any dispute regarding inter-State rivers and may bar the jurisdiction of all courts, including the Supreme Court.
Statement 1 is correct.
Statement 2 is incorrect — the Supreme Court's jurisdiction is barred in these disputes.
Hence only Statement 1 is correct.

Physics (1)

Pressure, Fluids and Properties of Matter · Bernoulli's principle

Q21. What happens when an ideal fluid flows through a narrowing horizontal pipe?

  1. (a) Speed decreases, Pressure increases
  2. (b) Speed increases, Pressure decreases
  3. (c) Both Speed and Pressure increases
  4. (d) Both speed and pressure decreases
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Speed increases, Pressure decreases

By the continuity equation, when a fluid flows through a narrowing section, its speed increases.
By Bernoulli's principle, an increase in speed of a fluid is accompanied by a decrease in pressure.
Hence speed increases and pressure decreases.

Economics (3)

Industry and Infrastructure · Make in India, Startup India and PLI

Q22. Which of the following best describes the purpose of the National Single Window System (NSWS) portal launched by the Ministry of Commerce & Industry?

  1. (a) To streamline pension disbursal mechanisms for unorganized workers
  2. (b) To facilitate industrial clearances and approvals through a single digital platform
  3. (c) To monitor school enrollments across states using Aadhaar linkage
  4. (d) To centralize water quality testing across urban and rural regions
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) To facilitate industrial clearances and approvals through a single digital platform

The National Single Window System (NSWS) is a digital platform for investors to apply for various central and state approvals, clearances and licenses at a single place.
It is launched by the Ministry of Commerce & Industry.
The other options describe unrelated initiatives, so they are incorrect.
Poverty, Unemployment and Human Development · Human Development Index and UNDP

Q23. Read the below statements marked as Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Mark the correct options:
Assertion (A):Human Development Index (HDI) in India improved significantly post-2010.
Reason (R):The methodology was revised globally to include inequality-adjusted Human Development Index (HDI).

  1. (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
  2. (b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
  3. (c) A is true, but R is false.
  4. (d) A is false, but R is true.
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.

A is true — India's HDI value has improved significantly after 2010.
R is also true — the global HDI methodology was revised to include an inequality-adjusted HDI.
However, this methodology change does not directly explain India's actual improvement, which came from real gains in health, education and income.
Hence both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
Planning and NITI Aayog · Five-Year Plans - objectives and models

Q24. Read the following Assertion (A) and Reason (R) carefully and choose the correct option.
Assertion (A):Self-reliance was a major objective of India's early planning era.
Reason (R):India sought to reduce dependence on foreign aid and imports post-independence.

  1. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
  2. (b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
  3. (c) A is true but R is false.
  4. (d) A is false but R is true.
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

A is true — self-reliance was a stated objective in early Indian Five-Year Plans.
R is true — India aimed to reduce dependence on foreign aid and imports after independence.
Reducing dependence directly motivated the self-reliance objective, so R correctly explains A.
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