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SSC CGL Tier-1 2025 18 September 2025 Shift 3 GK Questions – with answers & solutions

All 24 GK / GS questions asked in SSC CGL Tier-1 2025 on 18 September 2025 Shift 3, with correct answers and short solutions, subject-wise: Static GK, Modern History, Polity, Geography, Ancient History, Medieval History.

📚 24 questions🗓️ 18 September 2025⏰ Shift 3
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Subjects: Static GK (10) · Modern History (1) · Polity (2) · Geography (4) · Ancient History (1) · Medieval History (1) · Current Affairs (3) · Physics (1) · Economics (1)

Static GK (10)

Space, Defence and Technology · ISRO - history and centres

Q1. What is the contribution of Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre (VSSC) to India's space program?

  1. (a) Launch site for ISRO missions
  2. (b) Designs and builds launch vehicles
  3. (c) Trains Indian astronauts
  4. (d) Controls ISRO satellites
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Designs and builds launch vehicles

• VSSC (Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre) is located in Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala.
• It is ISRO's lead centre for the design and development of launch vehicles (rockets).
• Notable vehicles developed: PSLV, GSLV, LVM3 (GSLV Mk III).
• Answer: Designs and builds launch vehicles
Space, Defence and Technology · Science and technology missions and schemes

Q2. The "Atal Innovation Mission (AIM)" is a flagship initiative to promote innovation and entrepreneurship in India. Which of the following is a key component or program under AIM?

  1. (a) Skill India Centers
  2. (b) Startup India Seed Fund Scheme
  3. (c) Atal Tinkering Labs (ATLs)
  4. (d) Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana (PMKVY)
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Atal Tinkering Labs (ATLs)

• Atal Innovation Mission (AIM) is managed by NITI Aayog.
• Atal Tinkering Labs (ATLs) are a key component — these are set up in schools to foster creativity and innovation among students.
• Other AIM programs include Atal Incubation Centres (AICs) and Atal New India Challenges.
• Skill India Centers , PMKVY, and Startup India Seed Fund are different government schemes.
• Answer: Atal Tinkering Labs (ATLs)
Music and Musical Instruments · Carnatic music

Q3. The term ' svaravalis ' refers to what in the context of Indian classical music?

  1. (a) A specific type of raga
  2. (b) A melody composed using the seven notes of the scale
  3. (c) Ornamentation and embellishment of a raga
  4. (d) A rhythmic cycle used in carnatic music
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) A melody composed using the seven notes of the scale

• 'Svara' means musical note; ' avali ' means a series or row.
• Svaravalis refers to melodic exercises or compositions using the seven swaras (Sa, Re, Ga, Ma, Pa, Dha, Ni) of the musical scale.
• They are used in both Hindustani and Carnatic classical music training.
• Answer: A melody composed using the seven notes of the scale
Monuments and Heritage · Forts and palaces

Q4. Which of the following building materials were primarily used in constructing Purana Qila?

  1. (a) Granite and lime plaster
  2. (b) Concrete and red bricks
  3. (c) Sandstone and marble
  4. (d) Wood and terracotta
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Sandstone and marble

• Purana Qila (Old Fort) in Delhi was built in the 16th century by Sher Shah Suri (and later by Humayun).
• The primary building materials used were sandstone and marble — typical of the Mughal/Sur period architecture.
• The fort features massive sandstone walls with marble decorations.
• Answer: Sandstone and marble
Festivals, Fairs, Paintings and Crafts · Tribal festivals

Q5. During the Solung festival celebrated by the Adi tribe of Arunachal Pradesh, which traditional drink is shared to promote social bonding?

  1. (a) Soma
  2. (b) Apong
  3. (c) Thukpa
  4. (d) Chhang
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Apong

• Solung is a major harvest festival of the Adi tribe in Arunachal Pradesh.
• Apong (a traditional rice beer) is the ritual drink shared during Solung for social bonding and celebrations.
• Thukpa is a noodle soup, and Chhang is a Tibetan barley beer.
• Answer: Apong
Sports · Other sports and tournaments (tennis, chess, badminton, etc.)

Q6. Which of the following statements is correct regarding the Golden Raid and card system in Kabaddi?

  1. (a) A team is allowed two Golden Raids before the result is decided.
  2. (b) A Green Card leads to a 2-minute suspension from the game.
  3. (c) A fresh toss is taken if the match is tied even after 5-5 raids.
  4. (d) A Red Card results in a warning with no match suspension.
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) A fresh toss is taken if the match is tied even after 5-5 raids.

• In Kabaddi, if the score is tied after the match, a Golden Raid tiebreaker is used.
• Each team gets 5 Golden Raids; if still tied after 5-5 raids, a fresh toss is taken.
• Green Card = Warning, Yellow Card = 2-minute suspension, Red Card = Dismissal from the game.
• Answer: A fresh toss is taken if the match is tied even after 5-5 raids.
Organisations and Headquarters · India's foreign relations and connectivity projects

Q7. The "Kaladan Multimodal Transit Transport Project" links India with which country?

  1. (a) China
  2. (b) Myanmar
  3. (c) Bangladesh
  4. (d) Nepal
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Myanmar

• The Kaladan Multimodal Transit Transport Project connects Kolkata port (India) with Sittwe port in Myanmar.
• It then connects via the Kaladan river and road to Mizoram (Northeast India).
• The project aims to provide an alternative route to India's North-East region.
• Answer: Myanmar
Books and Authors · International books and authors

Q8. 'The Namesake' is a famous novel by which Indian-American author?

  1. (a) Jhumpa Lahiri
  2. (b) Arundhati Roy
  3. (c) Chitra Banerjee
  4. (d) Kiran Desai
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Jhumpa Lahiri

• 'The Namesake' (2003) is written by Jhumpa Lahiri.
• The novel depicts the life of the Ganguli family who emigrate from Kolkata to the United States.
• Jhumpa Lahiri also won the Pulitzer Prize for her debut short story collection 'Interpreter of Maladies'.
• Answer: Jhumpa Lahiri
Dances · Folk dances by state

Q9. Fill in the Blank: Ghoomar was originally performed to worship ____.

  1. (a) Shiva
  2. (b) Saraswati
  3. (c) Krishna
  4. (d) Ganesha
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Saraswati

• Ghoomar is a traditional Rajasthani folk dance of the Bhil tribe.
• It was originally performed to worship Goddess Saraswati.
• The dance is now performed during festivals, weddings, and other celebrations.
• Answer: Saraswati
Organisations and Headquarters · Research institutes and laboratories

Q10. Which institute has been studying the Pensilungpa Glacier in Zanskar, Ladakh, to monitor its retreat and mass balance?

  1. (a) Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services (INCOIS)
  2. (b) Wadia Institute of Himalayan Geology (WIHG)
  3. (c) Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute (CMFRI)
  4. (d) Zoological Survey of India (ZSI)
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Wadia Institute of Himalayan Geology (WIHG)

• The Wadia Institute of Himalayan Geology (WIHG), located in Dehradun, specializes in glaciological and geological studies of the Himalayan region.
• WIHG has been monitoring the Pensilungpa Glacier in Zanskar, Ladakh for its mass balance and retreat rate.
• Their studies contribute to understanding climate change impacts on Himalayan glaciers.
• Answer: Wadia Institute of Himalayan Geology (WIHG)

Modern History (1)

Towards Independence and Partition · Integration of princely states

Q11. The integration of the princely states into the Indian Union after 1947 involved a complex interplay of political negotiation, popular movements, and, at times, coercion. Which of the following factors most significantly undermined the initial aspirations of some princely rulers to maintain independent or autonomous status?

  1. (a) The overwhelming military superiority of the newly formed Pakistani state, compelling the rulers to seek protection within India.
  2. (b) The consistent and unwavering support provided by the British government to the princely states seeking independence.
  3. (c) The strong undercurrent of popular will within the princely states favoring accession to India, often expressed through organized movements and protests.
  4. (d) The economic prosperity and stability offered by remaining independent, making integration into the financially strained Indian Union unattractive.
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) The strong undercurrent of popular will within the princely states favoring accession to India, often expressed through organized movements and protests.

• The integration of princely states was spearheaded by Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel (Iron Man of India).
• While the Indian government used diplomatic pressure and the Instrument of Accession, the most significant factor was popular movements within states themselves.
• People in states like Hyderabad, Junagadh, and Travancore agitated for merger with India.
• This internal popular will made it untenable for rulers to maintain independence.
• Britain had already withdrawn and did not support independence of princely states.
• Answer: Option C — popular will within princely states

Polity (2)

Polity Miscellaneous · Important acts and rights laws (RTI, RTE, etc.)

Q12. The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS) was introduced as part of:

  1. (a) The effort to codify personal laws.
  2. (b) The effort to modernize and decolonize India's criminal justice system.
  3. (c) The new taxation policy.
  4. (d) A trade agreement.
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) The effort to modernize and decolonize India's criminal justice system.

• BNS replaced the Indian Penal Code (IPC) of 1860 (a colonial-era law).
• It was introduced to modernize and decolonize India's criminal justice system.
• The reform package includes: BNS (replaced IPC), BNSS (replaced CrPC), BSA (replaced Indian Evidence Act).
• Answer: Effort to modernize and decolonize India's criminal justice system
Amendments and Important Articles · Important articles and their subjects

Q13. Consider the following statements:
1. Article 300 allows legal suits against State Governments.
2. The term 'Government of India' is a legal entity under Article 300.
Which of the above is/are correct?

  1. (a) Only 1
  2. (b) Only 2
  3. (c) Both 1 and 2
  4. (d) Neither 1 nor 2
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Both 1 and 2

• Article 300 of the Constitution deals with the right to sue the Government of India or State Governments.
• Statement 1: ✓ Article 300 allows suits both against the Union of India and State Governments.
• Statement 2: ✓ Under Article 300, 'Government of India' (Union of India) and State Governments are recognized as legal entities that can sue and be sued.
• Both statements are correct.
• Answer: Both 1 and 2

Geography (4)

India - Minerals, Energy and Industries · Coal, petroleum and natural gas fields

Q14. Digboi, Moran, Sivasagar , and Naharkatiya oil fields are located in which of the following regions of India?

  1. (a) Aravalli and Delhi Ridge
  2. (b) Deccan Plateau
  3. (c) North-Eastern India
  4. (d) Western Coastal Plains
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) North-Eastern India

• Digboi is located in Assam — it is India's oldest oil field (discovered 1889).
• Moran, Sivasagar (Sibsagar), and Naharkatiya are all in Assam, North-Eastern India.
• Assam is the hub of India's oldest and most established oil production region.
• Answer: North-Eastern India
India - Location, Physiography and Neighbours · Peninsular plateau and hills

Q15. Consider the following physiographic features.
1. Tors 2. Spurs 3. Block Mountains
Which of the feature/features given above is/are found in the peninsular plateau of India?

  1. (a) 1 and 3 only
  2. (b) 3 only
  3. (c) 2 and 3 only
  4. (d) 1, 2, and 3
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) 1, 2, and 3

• Tors: Isolated rocky hills or boulders found in the peninsular plateau (e.g., in parts of Deccan). ✓
• Spurs: Projections of hills found along the edges of plateaus in peninsular India. ✓
• Block Mountains: Formed by faulting; the Vindhya and Satpura ranges are examples in the peninsular plateau. ✓
• All three features — Tors, Spurs, and Block Mountains — are found in the peninsular plateau.
• Answer: 1, 2, and 3
India - Population and Census · Census 2011 - population and growth

Q16. Which of the following statements is correct regarding population stabilization?

  1. (a) Stabilization occurs when birth rate exceeds death rate
  2. (b) Stabilization is reached when fertility rate drops to zero
  3. (c) Stabilization occurs when birth and death rates are nearly equal
  4. (d) Stabilization refers to doubling of population every decade
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Stabilization occurs when birth and death rates are nearly equal

• Population stabilization (or zero population growth) occurs when the birth rate and death rate become nearly equal.
• When births equal deaths, the net population growth is zero, leading to a stable population.
• This is also related to the Total Fertility Rate (TFR) reaching replacement level (~2.1).
• Answer: Stabilization occurs when birth and death rates are nearly equal
Atmosphere and Climate · Composition and layers of the atmosphere

Q17. Earth's atmosphere reaches what height approximately (Kármán line)?

  1. (a) 100 km
  2. (b) 1000 km
  3. (c) 10,000 km
  4. (d) 100,000 km
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) 100 km

• The Kármán line is the boundary between Earth's atmosphere and outer space.
• It is defined at an altitude of 100 km (100 kilometers ) above mean sea level.
• Named after Theodore von Kármán, it is the internationally accepted definition of where space begins.
• Answer: 100 km

Ancient History (1)

Indus Valley Civilisation · Town planning and structures

Q18. The drainage system at Moh a njodaro was notable because each house was connected to:

  1. (a) An underground water tank
  2. (b) A central pillar for support
  3. (c) A covered street drain
  4. (d) A rooftop reservoir
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) A covered street drain

• The Indus Valley Civilization ( Moh a njodaro ) had a highly advanced urban drainage system.
• Each house was connected to covered street drains that ran along the main streets.
• These drains had inspection holes for cleaning — a remarkable feat of urban planning.
• Answer: A covered street drain

Medieval History (1)

South Indian Kingdoms · Cholas - rulers and administration

Q19. What was a major challenge for agriculture in the Chola kingdom apart from rocky land?

  1. (a) Lack of seeds
  2. (b) Lack of labour
  3. (c) Irrigation water
  4. (d) Pest infestation
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Irrigation water

• The Chola kingdom was largely in the Deccan and Tamil region with rocky terrain.
• Apart from rocky land, the scarcity of irrigation water was the major challenge.
• The Cholas built elaborate irrigation systems — tanks, canals, and reservoirs — to overcome this.
• The Grand Anicut ( Kallanai ) on the Kaveri River is a famous example.
• Answer: Irrigation water

Current Affairs (3)

Sports - Current · Tournaments and winners

Q20. Consider the following statements about recent National Basketball Championships:
1) Tamil Nadu won the 74th Senior Men's title; Punjab and Indian Railways were runner-up and second runner-up.
2) Rajasthan won the 39th Youth Boys, and Karnataka won the Youth Girls tournament.
Which of the statements is/are correct?

  1. (a) Only 1 is Correct
  2. (b) Only 2 is Correct
  3. (c) 1 and 2 are Correct
  4. (d) Neither 1 nor 2 is Correct
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) 1 and 2 are Correct

• Statement 1: Tamil Nadu won the 74th Senior Men's National Basketball Championship. Punjab and Indian Railways were runner-up and second runner-up. ✓
• Statement 2: Rajasthan won the 39th Youth Boys tournament and Karnataka won the Youth Girls tournament. ✓
• Both statements are correct.
• Answer: 1 and 2 are Correct
Appointments and Resignations · National appointments

Q21. Ajit Doval is known as a key figure in India's strategic affairs, remains the National Security Advisor (NSA). In light of his ongoing tenure and recent developments, which of the following statements best reflects his current status as of July 2025?

  1. (a) Ajit Doval's current tenure as NSA, which began in June 2025, is his first independent term after serving as Principal Advisor on National Security for a decade.
  2. (b) He holds the ex-officio rank equivalent to a Cabinet Secretary, with his appointment typically for a fixed five-year term irrespective of the government's tenure.
  3. (c) Having been reappointed for a fresh term in June 2024, his current position is co-terminus with the Prime Minister's term and he holds the rank of a Cabinet Minister.
  4. (d) As NSA, his primary role is to chair the National Security Council (NSC), where he holds voting power on all key security policy decisions, including those related to defence procurement.
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Having been reappointed for a fresh term in June 2024, his current position is co-terminus with the Prime Minister's term and he holds the rank of a Cabinet Minister.

• Ajit Doval was reappointed as National Security Advisor (NSA) for a fresh term in June 2024 after the formation of the new NDA government.
• The NSA's position is co-terminus with the Prime Minister's tenure.
• He holds the rank equivalent to a Cabinet Minister.
• Answer: Having been reappointed for a fresh term in June 2024, his position is co-terminus with PM's term and he holds rank of Cabinet Minister.
Sports - Current · Tournaments and winners

Q22. Which of the following combinations of athletics winners at the 2025 National Games is entirely correct?

  1. (a) Parul Chaudhary - 3000m steeplechase; Jyothi Yarraji - 100m hurdles
  2. (b) Lovlina - 100m hurdles; Amoj Jacob - Shot Put
  3. (c) Swapnil Kusale - Boxing; Sarabjot - Sprint
  4. (d) Amoj Jacob - Wrestling; Jyothi - Relay
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Parul Chaudhary - 3000m steeplechase; Jyothi Yarraji - 100m hurdles

• Parul Chaudhary is India's leading steeplechase runner and won the 3000m steeplechase at the 2025 National Games. ✓
• Jyothi Yarraji is India's leading 100m hurdles athlete and won the event. ✓
• Other options mix up athletes with incorrect events.
• Answer: Parul Chaudhary - 3000m steeplechase; Jyothi Yarraji - 100m hurdles

Physics (1)

Modern Physics and Electronics · X-rays, LASER and photoelectric effect

Q23. Read the following statements about the photoelectric effect:
1. The kinetic energy of emitted photoelectrons increases with increasing intensity of incident light.
2. The photoelectric effect demonstrates the particle nature of light.
3. There is a threshold frequency below which no photoemission occurs, regardless of light intensity. Which of the above statements are correct?

  1. (a) 1 and 2 only
  2. (b) 2 and 3 only
  3. (c) 1 and 3 only
  4. (d) 1, 2 and 3
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) 2 and 3 only

• Statement 1: INCORRECT — Kinetic energy of photoelectrons depends on the frequency of light, NOT intensity. Greater intensity means more electrons, not more energetic ones.
• Statement 2: CORRECT — The photoelectric effect proved that light behaves as particles (photons), as demonstrated by Einstein (Nobel Prize 1921).
• Statement 3: CORRECT — Below threshold frequency (v₀), no photoelectric effect occurs regardless of how intense the light is.
• Answer: Statements 2 and 3 are correct.

Economics (1)

Government Schemes and Economic Reports · Economic indices and rankings

Q24. Which new element was incorporated in the 2023 edition of the Logistics Performance Index (LPI)?

  1. (a) It evaluates only land-based transport systems
  2. (b) It ranks countries based on tourism potential
  3. (c) It includes indicators measuring trade speed using big data
  4. (d) It excludes lower-income economies from the analysis
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) It includes indicators measuring trade speed using big data

• The Logistics Performance Index (LPI) is published by the World Bank.
• The 2023 edition introduced a new dimension: measuring trade speed using big data analytics.
• This includes tracking real-time shipment data and digital trade flows.
• The LPI covers all income-group economies and multiple transport modes.
• Answer: It includes indicators measuring trade speed using big data
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