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RRB NTPC UG CBT-1 2025-26 17 June 2026 Shift 1 GK Questions – with answers & solutions

All 36 GK / GS questions asked in RRB NTPC UG CBT-1 2025-26 on 17 June 2026 Shift 1, with correct answers and short solutions, subject-wise: Modern History, Geography, Polity, Medieval History, Computer, Current Affairs.

📚 36 questions🗓️ 17 June 2026⏰ Shift 1
हिंदी में पढ़ें📥 Full paper PDF
Subjects: Modern History (3) · Geography (3) · Polity (7) · Medieval History (1) · Computer (4) · Current Affairs (7) · Economics (2) · Static GK (4) · Ancient History (1) · Physics (2) · Biology (2)

Modern History (3)

Advent of Europeans and British Expansion · Battles of Plassey and Buxar

Q1. Which event directly triggered the British–Bengal confrontation that culminated in the Battle of Plassey (1757)?

  1. (a) Capture of Calcutta and attack on British factories by Siraj-ud-Daulah
  2. (b) Abuse of duty-free trade privileges granted by imperial farmans
  3. (c) Refusal of the English Company to conduct inland trade in Bengal
  4. (d) Expansion of Mughal administrative reforms affecting coastal trade
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Capture of Calcutta and attack on British factories by Siraj-ud-Daulah

Battle of Plassey (1757) - Direct Trigger
Background Context:
Siraj-ud-Daulah became Nawab of Bengal in 1756.
British were fortifying Calcutta without permission.
Direct Trigger Event:
June 1756: Siraj-ud-Daulah captured Calcutta (Fort William).
Attacked British factories and trading posts.
Imprisoned British in the 'Black Hole of Calcutta' incident.
Consequence:
British under Robert Clive retaliated in 1757.
Led directly to the Battle of Plassey (June 23, 1757).
Answer: Option 1 → Capture of Calcutta and attack on British factories by Siraj-ud-Daulah
Swadeshi, Revolutionaries and Home Rule · Early revolutionary activities

Q2. The assassination attempt on Viceroy Lord Hardinge in Delhi in 1912 was organised by revolutionaries led by:

  1. (a) Madanlal Dhingra and VD Savarkar
  2. (b) Khudiram Bose and Prafulla Chaki
  3. (c) Rasbehari Bose and Sachindranath Sanyal
  4. (d) Surya Sen and Jatin Mukherjee
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Rasbehari Bose and Sachindranath Sanyal

Topic:Delhi Conspiracy Case (1912)
On23 December 1912, a bomb was thrown at Viceroy Lord Hardinge's procession during the transfer of capital from Calcutta to Delhi.
The attack was organized byRasbehari BoseandSachindranath Sanyal.
Lord Hardinge was injured but survived. His mahout was killed.
This was part of the revolutionary movement against British rule in Bengal.
Answer: Option 3 → Rasbehari Bose and Sachindranath Sanyal
Gandhian Era · Quit India Movement

Q3. What were the volunteer groups of the Prati Sarkar called?

  1. (a) Seva dals and tufan dals
  2. (b) Swaraj dals and azad dals
  3. (c) Lok dals and rajya dals
  4. (d) Gram dals and satyagrah dals
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Seva dals and tufan dals

Topic: Prati Sarkar (Parallel Government)
Prati Sarkar was established in Satara, Maharashtra during Quit India Movement (1943-1946).
It organized volunteer groups calledSeva DalsandTufan Dals.
Seva Dals:Focused on social service and welfare activities.
Tufan Dals:Engaged in militant activities against British rule.
Answer: Option 1 → Seva dals and tufan dals

Geography (3)

Atmosphere and Climate · Cyclones (tropical and temperate)

Q4. Tropical cyclones form mainly due to:

  1. (a) Rising continental winds
  2. (b) Low-pressure systems over warm ocean water
  3. (c) Fast-moving cold fronts
  4. (d) High-pressure systems over land
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Low-pressure systems over warm ocean water

Tropical Cyclones Formation
Key Requirements:
• Warm ocean water (>26°C) provides heat and moisture
• Low-pressure area forms over ocean surface
• Warm moist air rises, creating updrafts
• Coriolis effect causes rotation
Continental winds, cold fronts, and high-pressure systems
do not provide necessary conditions for cyclone formation.
Answer: Option 2 → Low-pressure systems over warm ocean water
India - Climate, Soils and Natural Vegetation · Forest types and distribution

Q5. Which of the following tree species sustains the famous handicrafts of Kashmir and grows mainly in the Himalayan region?

  1. (a) Walnut
  2. (b) Chir Pine
  3. (c) Sal
  4. (d) Deodar
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Walnut

Kashmir Handicrafts & Himalayan Trees
Walnut wood is extensively used in Kashmir for famous handicrafts like carved furniture, decorative items, and wooden artifacts.
Walnut trees grow mainly in the temperate Himalayan region, particularly in Kashmir valley.
Other options: Chir Pine (resin), Sal (tropical hardwood), Deodar (construction timber) are not primarily used for Kashmir handicrafts.
Answer: Option 1 → Walnut
India - Agriculture · Types of farming (shifting, terrace, etc.)

Q6. Which type of agriculture is commonly practiced in densely populated monsoon regions of Asia?

  1. (a) Intensive subsistence farming
  2. (b) Mediterranean agriculture
  3. (c) Nomadic herding
  4. (d) Shifting cultivation
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Intensive subsistence farming

Topic: Types of Agriculture in Asia
Intensive Subsistence Farmingis practiced in densely populated monsoon regions of Asia (India, China, Southeast Asia).
Key characteristics:
• High population density requires maximum output from limited land
• Monsoon climate provides adequate rainfall for rice and wheat cultivation
• Small land holdings with intensive labor use
• Multiple cropping and high productivity per hectare
Other options incorrect:
Mediterranean agriculture → Mediterranean climate regions
Nomadic herding → Low population density areas
Shifting cultivation → Sparse population, tribal areas
Answer: Option 1 → Intensive subsistence farming

Polity (7)

Constitutional Development and Making · Objectives Resolution, adoption and enactment dates

Q7. Which resolution is the Preamble of the Constitution based on, drafted by Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru?

  1. (a) Directive Resolution
  2. (b) Objectives Resolution
  3. (c) Fundamental Rights
  4. (d) Directive Principles
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Objectives Resolution

Preamble of Indian Constitution
The Preamble is based on theObjectives Resolution
drafted byPandit Jawaharlal Nehru.
Key Facts:
• Presented on13 December 1946in Constituent Assembly
• Laid down fundamental principles and objectives
• Became the foundation of the Constitution's Preamble
Answer: Option 2 → Objectives Resolution
Local Government · Gram Sabha and three-tier structure

Q8. The People’s Plan Campaign, introduced nationwide in 2018, aimed to strengthen rural governance through which of the following approaches?

  1. (a) Uniform national budgeting templates
  2. (b) Centralized expenditure control
  3. (c) Participatory Gram Sabha-based planning
  4. (d) Corporate-led rural investments
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Participatory Gram Sabha-based planning

Topic: People's Plan Campaign & Rural Governance
Key Facts:
1. People's Plan Campaign focuses ondecentralized planningat grassroots level.
2. Emphasizesparticipatory democracythrough Gram Sabha involvement.
3. Gram Sabha members directly participate in planning and decision-making for local development.
4. Strengthens Panchayati Raj institutions by empowering local communities.
Options 1, 2, 4 represent centralized/top-down approaches, contrary to the campaign's philosophy.
Answer: Option 3 → Participatory Gram Sabha-based planning
Emergency and Centre-State Relations · National Emergency (Article 352)

Q9. Which type of Emergency could be implemented due to 'internal disturbance' before the 44ᵗʰ Amendment of the Indian Constitution?

  1. (a) National Emergency
  2. (b) Financial Emergency
  3. (c) President's Rule
  4. (d) Martial Law
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) National Emergency

Topic: Emergency Provisions - Article 352
Before 44th Amendment (1978):
National Emergency could be declared on grounds of:
• War
• External aggression
•Internal disturbance
After 44th Amendment:
'Internal disturbance' was replaced with'Armed Rebellion'
Key Point:The term 'internal disturbance' was misused
during 1975 Emergency, leading to this amendment.
Answer: Option 1 → National Emergency
Fundamental Rights · Fundamental Rights - general (Articles 12, 13)

Q10. Under how many broad categories are the Fundamental Rights guaranteed by the Constitution of India?

  1. (a) Nine
  2. (b) Eleven
  3. (c) Six
  4. (d) Five
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Six

Topic:Fundamental Rights in Indian Constitution
Originally, there were7 categoriesof Fundamental Rights (Articles 12-35).
TheRight to Property(Article 31) was removed as a Fundamental Right by the44th Amendment Act, 1978.
Currently, there are6 broad categories:
1. Right to Equality (Articles 14-18)
2. Right to Freedom (Articles 19-22)
3. Right against Exploitation (Articles 23-24)
4. Right to Freedom of Religion (Articles 25-28)
5. Cultural and Educational Rights (Articles 29-30)
6. Right to Constitutional Remedies (Article 32)
Answer: Option 3 → Six
Parliament · Parliamentary proceedings (Question Hour, Zero Hour, motions)

Q11. Which of the following Articles of the Constitution of India states that, until Parliament by law otherwise provides, the quorum to constitute a meeting of either House of Parliament shall be one-tenth of the total number of members of the House?

  1. (a) Article 96
  2. (b) Article 99
  3. (c) Article 102
  4. (d) Article 100
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) Article 100

Topic:Quorum in Parliament
Article 100of the Constitution deals with voting in Parliament,
decisions on questions, and quorum requirements.
Key Provision:
Quorum =1/10th of total membersof each House
(until Parliament provides otherwise by law)
Other Articles:
Article 96 → Vice-President as Chairman of Rajya Sabha
Article 99 → Oath/Affirmation by members
Article 102 → Disqualifications for membership
Answer: Option 4 → Article 100
Judiciary · Tribunals, Lok Adalats and legal services

Q12. As of September 2025, according to the structure of the Central Administrative Tribunal, how many benches are there across India?

  1. (a) 15
  2. (b) 10
  3. (c) 19
  4. (d) 22
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) 19

Central Administrative Tribunal (CAT)
Established under Article 323A of the Constitution.
As of September 2025, CAT has19 benchesacross India.
Principal Bench: New Delhi
Circuit Benches: 18 other locations in major cities
Answer: Option 3 → 19
State Government · State Legislature - Legislative Assembly

Q13. In which of the following ways is the Speaker of the Vidhan Sabha elected?

  1. (a) By the Governor
  2. (b) By the Chief Minister
  3. (c) Directly by the public
  4. (d) By the members of the Vidhan Sabha
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) By the members of the Vidhan Sabha

Topic:Election of Speaker of Vidhan Sabha
Constitutional Provision: Article 178
The Speaker is elected by the members of the State Legislative Assembly (Vidhan Sabha) from amongst themselves.
Similar to Lok Sabha Speaker election process.
The Deputy Speaker is also elected in the same manner.
Answer: Option 4 → By the members of the Vidhan Sabha

Medieval History (1)

Delhi Sultanate · Sultanate administration and iqta system

Q14. Which dynasty of the Delhi Sultanate is known for introducing the “Iqta system”?

  1. (a) Sayyid dynasty
  2. (b) Mamluk dynasty
  3. (c) Khilji dynasty
  4. (d) Tughlaq dynasty
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Mamluk dynasty

Topic: Delhi Sultanate - Administrative System
Iqta System:Land revenue assignment system introduced in India.
Introduced by:Qutb-ud-din Aibak and systematized by Iltutmish of theMamluk (Slave) Dynasty(1206-1290).
The system assigned land revenues to military officers (Muqtis) in lieu of salary.
Later dynasties continued and modified this system.
Answer: Option 2 → Mamluk dynasty

Computer (4)

Computer Organisation and Hardware · CPU - ALU, CU and registers

Q15. The component inside the CPU responsible for arithmetic operations and logical comparisons is the __________.

  1. (a) Motherboard
  2. (b) Arithmetic Logic Unit
  3. (c) Control Unit
  4. (d) Random Access Memory
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Arithmetic Logic Unit

Topic: CPU Components
CPU has two main units:
1. Control Unit (CU) - Controls operations
2. Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) - Performs calculations
ALU Functions:
• Arithmetic operations (+, -, ×, ÷)
• Logical comparisons (>, <, =, AND, OR, NOT)
Other options: Motherboard (circuit board), RAM (memory)
Answer: Option 2 → Arithmetic Logic Unit
Computer Fundamentals and History · Generations of computers

Q16. Which statement is True or False about the first and second generations of computers?(i) The First Generation used Vacuum Tubes, which were bulky and heat-generating.(ii) The Transistor, which defined the Second Generation, made computers larger, slower, and more expensive.

  1. (a) (i) True, (ii) True
  2. (b) (i) False, (ii) False
  3. (c) (i) False, (ii) True
  4. (d) (i) True, (ii) False
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) (i) True, (ii) False

Computer Generations - Key Facts:
Statement (i):First Generation (1940s-1950s)
UsedVacuum Tubesas main component
Characteristics: Bulky, generated excessive heat, consumed high power
Statement (i) is TRUE ✓
Statement (ii):Second Generation (1950s-1960s)
UsedTransistorsreplacing vacuum tubes
Characteristics: Smaller size, faster speed, less heat, lower cost
Transistors made computerssmaller, faster, and cheaper
Statement (ii) is FALSE ✗(opposite is true)
Answer: Option 4 → (i) True, (ii) False
Computer Fundamentals and History · Introduction and characteristics of computers

Q17. The statement "A computer can work tirelessly and consistently for long periods without losing concentration" represents which characteristics of the computer?

  1. (a) Diligence
  2. (b) Speed
  3. (c) Accuracy
  4. (d) Versatility
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Diligence

Topic:Characteristics of Computer
Diligence:Ability to work continuously without fatigue, boredom, or loss of concentration.
Speed:Performs millions of operations per second.
Accuracy:Produces error-free results if input is correct.
Versatility:Can perform multiple different tasks.
The statement describes tireless and consistent work without losing concentration.
Answer: Option 1 → Diligence
Software, Operating Systems and Programming · Types of software (system, application, utility)

Q18. Which function is primarily handled by system software in a computer system?

  1. (a) Playing audio and video files
  2. (b) Designing presentations and spreadsheets
  3. (c) Managing user-created documents
  4. (d) Coordinating hardware and running core system processes
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) Coordinating hardware and running core system processes

System Software Functions
System software acts as an interface between hardware and application software.
Primary Functions:
• Controls and coordinates hardware components (CPU, memory, I/O devices)
• Manages core system processes and resources
• Provides platform for application software to run
Examples:Operating Systems (Windows, Linux), Device Drivers, Utilities
Options 1, 2, 3 are handled byapplication software, not system software.
Answer: Option 4 → Coordinating hardware and running core system processes

Current Affairs (7)

Sports - Current · Records and achievements

Q19. Which of the following footballers was awarded a Guinness World Record in 2025 for the most wins in international football?

  1. (a) Sergio Ramos
  2. (b) Cristiano Ronaldo
  3. (c) Robert Lewandowsk
  4. (d) Lionel Messi
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Cristiano Ronaldo

Topic:Guinness World Record 2025 - Football
Cristiano Ronaldowas awarded the Guinness World Record in 2025.
Record:Most wins in international football
He achieved this milestone playing for Portugal national team.
Answer: Option 2 → Cristiano Ronaldo
Economy, Banking and Business · Business and corporate news

Q20. In December 2025, which state government allotted 480 acres of land to Adani Infra (India) Pvt. Ltd., a notified partner of Google-owned Raiden Infotech India, for establishing 1 GW AI Data Centres in the state?

  1. (a) Gujarat
  2. (b) Andhra Pradesh
  3. (c) Tamil Nadu
  4. (d) Rajasthan
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Andhra Pradesh

Topic: Current Affairs - December 2025
Andhra Pradesh Governmentallotted 480 acres of land to Adani Infra (India) Pvt. Ltd. in December 2025.
Purpose: Establishing1 GW AI Data Centresin the state.
Adani Infra is a notified partner ofGoogle-owned Raiden Infotech India.
This initiative aims to boost digital infrastructure and AI capabilities in Andhra Pradesh.
Answer: Option 2 → Andhra Pradesh
Awards and Honours - Current · International awards - current

Q21. Which Indian author was shortlisted for the 2025 Booker Prize for the novel 'The Loneliness of Sonia and Sunny'?

  1. (a) Amish Tripathi
  2. (b) Vikram Sampath
  3. (c) Kiran Desai
  4. (d) Arundhati Roy
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Kiran Desai

Topic: 2025 Booker Prize Shortlist
Kiran Desaiwas shortlisted for the 2025 Booker Prize for her novel'The Loneliness of Sonia and Sunny'.
She previously won the Booker Prize in 2006 for'The Inheritance of Loss'.
This is her second Booker shortlisting.
Answer: Option 3 → Kiran Desai
National Affairs and Government Initiatives · Policies, laws and bills

Q22. As per Haj Policy 2025, out of the total number of quota allocated to the Government of India (GoI), what percentage of Haj Seats are allocated to the Haj Committee of India (HCoI) and Haj Group Organisers (HGOs), respectively?

  1. (a) 70% and 30%
  2. (b) 50% and 50%
  3. (c) 40% and 60%
  4. (d) 60% and 40%
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) 70% and 30%

Topic: Haj Policy 2025 - Seat Allocation
As per the Haj Policy 2025 announced by the Government of India:
Out of the total quota allocated to GoI, the distribution is:
•Haj Committee of India (HCoI): 70%
•Haj Group Organisers (HGOs): 30%
This allocation ensures organized pilgrimage management through both government and private channels.
Answer: Option 1 → 70% and 30%
Science, Technology and Space - Current · Technology launches and AI

Q23. In December 2025, which of the following cybersecurity solutions providers introduced an advanced tenant control feature for ChatGPT?

  1. (a) Quick Heal
  2. (b) eScan
  3. (c) Kaspersky
  4. (d) Bitdefender
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) eScan

Topic:Cybersecurity - Recent Developments (December 2025)
eScanintroduced an advanced tenant control feature for ChatGPT in December 2025.
This feature allows organizations to manage and control ChatGPT usage across their network with enhanced security protocols.
eScan is an Indian cybersecurity solutions provider known for antivirus and internet security products.
Answer: Option 2 → eScan
Science, Technology and Space - Current · Space missions - current

Q24. In January 2025, India became the fourth nation to achieve autonomous satellite docking in orbit. What was the name of this mission?

  1. (a) Chandrayaan-4
  2. (b) SpaDeX
  3. (c) NISAR
  4. (d) Gaganyaan-1
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) SpaDeX

Topic: India's Space Achievements 2025
SpaDeX Mission (Space Docking Experiment)
Launched in December 2024, achieved docking in January 2025.
India became 4th nation after USA, Russia, and China.
Mission demonstrated autonomous satellite docking technology.
Critical for future space station and lunar missions.
Answer: Option 2 → SpaDeX
Sports - Current · Tournaments and winners

Q25. Who among the following won the Australian Open in 2025?

  1. (a) Taylor Fritz
  2. (b) Jannik Sinner
  3. (c) Alexander Zverev
  4. (d) Jack Draper
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Jannik Sinner

Australian Open 2025 - Men's Singles
Winner:Jannik Sinner(Italy)
Defeated Alexander Zverev in the final.
This was Sinner's second consecutive Australian Open title (2024, 2025).
Answer: Option 2 → Jannik Sinner

Economics (2)

Planning and NITI Aayog · Indian economy at independence and the 1950-90 phase

Q26. After gaining Independence, what type of economic system did India implement as its development strategy?

  1. (a) Free market capitalism with minimal state intervention
  2. (b) Socialist system eliminating private ownership
  3. (c) Mixed economy combining public and private sectors
  4. (d) Traditional agrarian structure without structural reforms
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Mixed economy combining public and private sectors

Post-Independence Economic System (1947)
India adopted aMixed Economy modelafter independence.
Key Features:
• Combined elements of both capitalism and socialism
• Public sector controlled key industries (heavy industries, infrastructure)
• Private sector allowed in consumer goods and agriculture
• State planning through Five-Year Plans (1951 onwards)
This balanced approach aimed at economic growth with social justice.
Answer: Option 3 → Mixed economy combining public and private sectors
Industry and Infrastructure · Infrastructure sectors

Q27. Which statement best explains why transport and communication infrastructure are vital for India’s economic growth?

  1. (a) It primarily serves elite passenger travel without influencing economic output
  2. (b) It links production centres with markets, enhancing trade and economic activity
  3. (c) It limits industrial expansion by diverting funds from core economic sectors
  4. (d) It increases regional isolation by reducing interaction among different areas
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) It links production centres with markets, enhancing trade and economic activity

Topic: Transport & Communication Infrastructure
Role in Economic Growth:
• Connects production centers to consumer markets
• Facilitates movement of goods, services, and labor
• Reduces transaction costs and time
• Enables regional specialization and trade
• Attracts investment and industrial development
Analysis of Options:
Option 1: Incorrect - Infrastructure serves all sectors, not just elite travel
Option 3: Incorrect - Infrastructure enables industrial expansion
Option 4: Incorrect - It reduces isolation, not increases it
Answer: Option 2 → It links production centres with markets, enhancing trade and economic activity

Static GK (4)

Tribes, Languages and Religions · Classical and scheduled languages

Q28. Which Dravidian language is spoken outside India in Baluchistan?

  1. (a) Kannada
  2. (b) Tamil
  3. (c) Brahui
  4. (d) Malayalam
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Brahui

Topic: Dravidian Languages
Brahuiis a Dravidian language spoken in Baluchistan (Pakistan, Afghanistan, Iran).
It is the only Dravidian language spoken significantly outside India.
Other options (Kannada, Tamil, Malayalam) are spoken primarily in South India.
Answer: Option 3 → Brahui
Dances · Classical dances and their states

Q29. According to the Natyashastra, which of the following is characterised by body movements to music without expressions (Abhinay)?

  1. (a) Kuchipudi
  2. (b) Nritya
  3. (c) Natya
  4. (d) Nritta
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) Nritta

Natyashastra Classification of Dance
According to Bharata's Natyashastra, dance is divided into three categories:
1. Nritta→ Pure dance with rhythmic body movements to music,without expressions or storytelling
2. Nritya→ Dance with expressions (Abhinaya), conveying emotions and stories
3. Natya→ Dramatic performance combining dance, music, and drama
Kuchipudi is a classical dance form, not a classification type.
Answer: Option 4 → Nritta
Festivals, Fairs, Paintings and Crafts · Festivals by state

Q30. 'Bihu' is considered the festival of the ____________ state/UT.

  1. (a) Lakshadweep
  2. (b) Assam
  3. (c) Andaman Nicobar Islands
  4. (d) Chattisgarh
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Assam

Topic: Indian Festivals and States
Bihuis the most important festival ofAssam.
It is celebrated three times a year:
• Rongali Bihu (Spring/Bohag Bihu) - April
• Kongali Bihu (Autumn/Kati Bihu) - October
• Bhogali Bihu (Harvest/Magh Bihu) - January
Marks the Assamese New Year and harvest season.
Answer: Option 2 → Assam
Music and Musical Instruments · Hindustani music (ragas, gharanas)

Q31. What is the term used for the first matra in Hindustani music’s tala system?

  1. (a) Khali
  2. (b) Sam
  3. (c) Tali
  4. (d) Laya
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Sam

Topic:Hindustani Classical Music - Tala System
Samis the first and most important beat (matra) in a tala cycle.
It marks the beginning and end point of the rhythmic cycle.
Other terms:Tali(clap),Khali(wave),Laya(tempo).
Answer: Option 2 → Sam

Ancient History (1)

Post-Mauryan Period · Satavahanas

Q32. The Ikshvakus ruled Krishna-Godavari delta in Eastern Deccan after the decline of which dynasty?

  1. (a) Guptas Dynasty
  2. (b) Satavahanas Dynasty
  3. (c) Kadambas Dynasty
  4. (d) Mauryas Dynasty
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Satavahanas Dynasty

Topic: Ikshvaku Dynasty - Eastern Deccan
TheIkshvakus(circa 225-320 CE) established their rule in the Krishna-Godavari delta region after the fall of theSatavahana Dynasty.
The Satavahanas controlled the Deccan region for several centuries until their decline in the early 3rd century CE.
The Ikshvakus were feudatories who became independent rulers in the eastern Deccan, with their capital atVijayapuri(modern Nagarjunakonda).
Answer: Option 2 → Satavahanas Dynasty

Physics (2)

Light - Refraction and Lenses · Laws of refraction and Snell's law

Q33. Which of the following properties is responsible for the bending of light when it moves from air into water?

  1. (a) Change in direction due to gravity
  2. (b) Change in speed of light
  3. (c) Change in color of light
  4. (d) Change in temperature
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Change in speed of light

Topic:Refraction of Light
When light travels from one medium to another (air to water),
itsspeed changesdue to different optical densities.
Light slows down in denser medium (water).
This change in speed causes the light ray to bend at the interface.
This phenomenon is calledrefraction.
Snell's Law: n₁sin(θ₁) = n₂sin(θ₂) governs this bending.
Answer: Option 2 → Change in speed of light
Units, Measurement & Dimensions · Derived units and units named after scientists

Q34. A quantity is measured in meters per second squared (m/s²). What is this quantity?

  1. (a) force
  2. (b) velocity
  3. (c) acceleration
  4. (d) energy
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) acceleration

Unit Analysis:
m/s² = meters per second squared
This representsrate of change of velocity
Velocity = m/s
Acceleration = change in velocity/time = (m/s)/s = m/s²
Force → kg·m/s² (Newton)
Energy → kg·m²/s² (Joule)
Answer: Option 3 → acceleration

Biology (2)

Ecology and Environment · Pollution - effects on living beings

Q35. The excessive presence of ________ mainly causes eutrophication in lakes.

  1. (a) Silica
  2. (b) Nitrogen and phosphorus
  3. (c) Iron and copper
  4. (d) Calcium carbonate
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Nitrogen and phosphorus

Topic: Eutrophication
Eutrophicationis excessive nutrient enrichment in water bodies.
Main Causes:Nitrogen (N) and Phosphorus (P) from fertilizers, sewage, detergents.
Effect:Rapid algal growth → oxygen depletion → death of aquatic life.
Answer: Option 2 → Nitrogen and phosphorus
Control and Coordination · Hormonal disorders

Q36. Which of the following is a common symptom of diabetes mellitus?

  1. (a) Increased hair growth
  2. (b) Loss of hearing
  3. (c) Decreased thirst
  4. (d) Frequent urination
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) Frequent urination

Topic:Diabetes Mellitus Symptoms
High blood glucose → kidneys filter excess sugar
Excess glucose pulls water →polyuria (frequent urination)
Classic triad: Polyuria, Polydipsia (increased thirst), Polyphagia
Other options incorrect:
Hair growth, hearing loss, decreased thirst are NOT diabetes symptoms
Answer: Option 4 → Frequent urination
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