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Swadeshi, Revolutionaries and Home Rule PYQs – Modern History, SSC & Railway

66 Swadeshi, Revolutionaries and Home Rule (Modern History) questions asked in recent SSC and Railway exams, newest first, with exam, date & shift, answers and solutions.

📚 66 questionsSSC 31 · Railway 35
RRB NTPC UG CBT-1 2025-26 – 20 June 2026 Shift 2 · HRA, HSRA, Bhagat Singh and Kakori

Q1. In which year was the Hindustan Republican Association (HRA) formed?

  1. (a) 1920
  2. (b) 1924
  3. (c) 1922
  4. (d) 1926
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) 1924

Hindustan Republican Association (HRA)
Founded inOctober 1924at Kanpur by revolutionary leaders.
Key founders: Sachindra Nath Sanyal, Jogesh Chandra Chatterjee, and others.
Later renamedHindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA)in 1928.
Aim: Armed revolution against British rule.
Answer: Option 2 → 1924
RRB NTPC UG CBT-1 2025-26 – 17 June 2026 Shift 1 · Early revolutionary activities

Q2. The assassination attempt on Viceroy Lord Hardinge in Delhi in 1912 was organised by revolutionaries led by:

  1. (a) Madanlal Dhingra and VD Savarkar
  2. (b) Khudiram Bose and Prafulla Chaki
  3. (c) Rasbehari Bose and Sachindranath Sanyal
  4. (d) Surya Sen and Jatin Mukherjee
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Rasbehari Bose and Sachindranath Sanyal

Topic:Delhi Conspiracy Case (1912)
On23 December 1912, a bomb was thrown at Viceroy Lord Hardinge's procession during the transfer of capital from Calcutta to Delhi.
The attack was organized byRasbehari BoseandSachindranath Sanyal.
Lord Hardinge was injured but survived. His mahout was killed.
This was part of the revolutionary movement against British rule in Bengal.
Answer: Option 3 → Rasbehari Bose and Sachindranath Sanyal
RRB NTPC UG CBT-1 2025-26 – 15 June 2026 Shift 1 · Partition of Bengal and Swadeshi Movement

Q3. Why was the Partition of Bengal (1905) widely opposed by Indian nationalists?

  1. (a) It was undertaken to promote regional trade expansion and economic integration of eastern Bengal.
  2. (b) It was intended to divide people on communal lines and weaken the growing nationalist movement.
  3. (c) It was proposed to relocate the colonial capital for better administrative coordination.
  4. (d) It was planned to improve agricultural administration and address recurring famine conditions.
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) It was intended to divide people on communal lines and weaken the growing nationalist movement.

Partition of Bengal (1905)
Lord Curzon's Real Motive:
Divide Bengal on religious lines (Hindu-majority West Bengal, Muslim-majority East Bengal).
British Strategy:
Weaken the strong nationalist movement in Bengal by creating communal divisions.
Bengal was the center of anti-British activities and revolutionary movements.
Indian Response:
Massive protests, Swadeshi Movement, and boycott of British goods.
Partition was annulled in 1911 due to widespread opposition.
Answer: Option 2 → It was intended to divide people on communal lines and weaken the growing nationalist movement.
RRB NTPC UG CBT-1 2025-26 – 14 June 2026 Shift 3 · Early revolutionary activities

Q4. Who among the following founded the secret revolutionary society ‘Abhinav Bharat’ in 1904?

  1. (a) Khudiram Bose
  2. (b) V.D. Savarkar
  3. (c) Shyamji Krishna Varma
  4. (d) Lala Har Dayal
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) V.D. Savarkar

Topic: Indian Freedom Struggle - Revolutionary Movements
Abhinav Bharat Society (1904)
Founded byVinayak Damodar Savarkarin Nashik, Maharashtra.
Aimed at achieving complete independence through revolutionary means.
Other revolutionaries: Khudiram Bose (Alipore Bomb Case), Shyamji Krishna Varma (India House, London), Lala Har Dayal (Ghadar Party).
Answer: Option 2 → V.D. Savarkar
SSC GD 2026 – 27 May 2026 Shift 1 · Muslim League and Morley-Minto Reforms

Q5. On which of the following days did the Muslim League
call for observing 'Direct Action Day'?

  1. (a) 8 August 1942
  2. (b) 9 December 1945
  3. (c) 16 August 1946
  4. (d) 23 September 1946
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) 16 August 1946

Correct Answer: 16 August 1946 — Option (c)
The Muslim League called for 'Direct Action Day' to be observed on 16 August 1946. About Direct Action Day: Called by: Muhammad Ali Jinnah and the All-India Muslim League; Date: 16 August 1946; Purpose: To demonstrate Muslim demand for a separate nation (Pakistan); To protest the failure of the Cabinet Mission Plan (which proposed a united India); Context: After World War II, Britain announced it would grant India independence; The Cabinet Mission Plan (1946) was proposed to keep India united with a federal structure; Jinnah and the Muslim League initially accepted but later rejected aspects of the plan; Jinnah called for 'Direct Action Day' to show Muslim strength and determination for Pakistan; Events of 16 August 1946: The Muslim League called for a public holiday and demonstrations; In Calcutta (Kolkata), the day turned into one of the worst communal riots in Indian history; Known as: 'The Great Calcutta Killings' or 'Calcutta Killings'; Thousands of people (both Hindus and Muslims) were killed in 3-4 days of riots; The riots spread to Noakhali, Bihar, and other areas; Impact: Demonstrated the impossibility of Hindu-Muslim unity in the then-prevailing atmosphere; Accelerated the inevitability of Partition; About 8 August 1942 (Option a): This is the date of the Quit India Movement — Mahatma Gandhi's 'Do or Die' call; NOT related to the Muslim League's Direct Action Day.
Option (a) 8 August 1942 — Incorrect: 8 August 1942 is the date of the launch of the Quit India Movement (Bharat Chhodo Andolan) by Mahatma Gandhi and the Indian National Congress — NOT the Muslim League's Direct Action Day; the Direct Action Day was 16 August 1946. The candidate selected this incorrect option.
Option (b) 9 December 1945 — Incorrect: 9 December 1945 is NOT the date of the Muslim League's Direct Action Day; it was a date associated with the beginning of the Constituent Assembly discussions; the Direct Action Day was 16 August 1946.
Option (d) 23 September 1946 — Incorrect: 23 September 1946 has no significant connection to the Muslim League's Direct Action Day; the Direct Action Day was observed on 16 August 1946, which led to the Great Calcutta Killings.
RRB NTPC UG CBT-1 2025-26 – 9 May 2026 Shift 2 · Partition of Bengal and Swadeshi Movement

Q6. How did the Swadeshi movement aim to counter British policies after 1905?

  1. (a) By creating diplomatic councils to negotiate tariff concessions.
  2. (b) By adopting military drills to train youth for organised defence.
  3. (c) By promoting indigenous industries and rejecting foreign products.
  4. (d) By supporting colonial factory laws restricting local enterprises.
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) By promoting indigenous industries and rejecting foreign products.

Swadeshi Movement (1905-1911)
Context:Launched in response to Partition of Bengal (1905) by Lord Curzon.
Main Strategy:
• Boycott of British goods and services
• Promotion of indigenous industries (textiles, handicrafts)
• Use of Indian-made products (khadi, local goods)
Key Features:
Economic nationalism through self-reliance
Rejection of foreign (especially British) products
Establishment of Swadeshi enterprises and banks
Answer: Option 3 → By promoting indigenous industries and rejecting foreign products.
RRB NTPC UG CBT-1 2025-26 – 9 May 2026 Shift 3 · Partition of Bengal and Swadeshi Movement

Q7. In 1905, the Swadeshi and Boycott movement was formally proclaimed in Bengal during a meeting held at:

  1. (a) Nagpur Congress
  2. (b) Benaras Congress
  3. (c) Calcutta Town Hall
  4. (d) Dacca Town Square
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Calcutta Town Hall

Swadeshi and Boycott Movement (1905)
Context: Launched againstPartition of Bengalby Lord Curzon.
Formal Proclamation:7 August 1905at a historic meeting held atCalcutta Town Hall.
Key Leaders: Surendranath Banerjee, Bipin Chandra Pal, and other prominent nationalists attended.
Significance: Marked the beginning of organized resistance through indigenous goods promotion and British goods boycott.
Answer: Option 3 → Calcutta Town Hall
RRB NTPC UG CBT-1 2025-26 – 8 May 2026 Shift 3 · HRA, HSRA, Bhagat Singh and Kakori

Q8. The Kakori train robbery of August 1925 was organised by the:

  1. (a) Hindustan Republican Association in United Provinces
  2. (b) HSRA unit based in Lahore and Delhi
  3. (c) Anushilan Samiti in Bengal and Bihar
  4. (d) Ghadr Party working from North America
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Hindustan Republican Association in United Provinces

Kakori Train Robbery (9 August 1925)
Organized by:Hindustan Republican Association (HRA)
Key Facts:
• Led by Ram Prasad Bismil and Ashfaqullah Khan
• Took place near Kakori, United Provinces (now UP)
• Looted treasury from train to fund revolutionary activities
• HRA later became HSRA (Socialist added) in 1928
Answer: Option 1 → Hindustan Republican Association in United Provinces
RRB NTPC UG CBT-1 2025-26 – 7 May 2026 Shift 1 · Chittagong Armoury Raid and other revolutionaries

Q9. Who among the following led the large-scale armed attack on the Chittagong armoury in April 1930?

  1. (a) Jatin Das
  2. (b) Surya Sen
  3. (c) Bhagat Singh
  4. (d) Chandrasekhar Azad
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Surya Sen

Chittagong Armoury Raid (April 18, 1930)
Leader: Surya Sen(also known as Master Da)
Led by the Indian Republican Army, Chittagong branch.
Objective: Capture arms and ammunition to start armed revolution.
The raid temporarily paralyzed British administration in Chittagong.
Other revolutionaries: Jatin Das died during hunger strike (1929).
Bhagat Singh & Azad were active in northern India.
Answer: Option 2 → Surya Sen
SSC GD 2026 – 6 May 2026 Shift 1 · Partition of Bengal and Swadeshi Movement

Q10. Who delivered a speech in Bombay on January 15, 1908, declaring that the purpose of national education was to awaken the spirit of nationalism among students?

  1. (a) Rabindranath Tagore
  2. (b) Sri Aurobindo Ghose
  3. (c) Lala Lajpat Rai
  4. (d) Mahatma Gandhi
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Sri Aurobindo Ghose

Correct Answer: Sri Aurobindo Ghose — Option (b)
Sri Aurobindo Ghose delivered a famous speech in Bombay on January 15, 1908, articulating that the purpose of national education was to awaken the spirit of nationalism among Indian students. During the Swadeshi Movement era (1905–1911), Aurobindo was a leading nationalist who believed that education should not merely produce clerks for the British administration but should instill patriotism, cultural pride, and the spirit of self-rule. He was also associated with the Bengal National College (Calcutta) as its first Principal.
Option (a) Rabindranath Tagore — Incorrect: Rabindranath Tagore also had views on national education and founded Visva-Bharati (Shantiniketan), but the specific 1908 Bombay speech was by Sri Aurobindo.
Option (c) Lala Lajpat Rai — Incorrect: Lala Lajpat Rai was a prominent leader of the Lal-Bal-Pal trio, associated with Punjab; the 1908 Bombay speech is attributed to Sri Aurobindo.
Option (d) Mahatma Gandhi — Incorrect: In January 1908, Gandhi was still in South Africa leading the Satyagraha movement; the Bombay speech was delivered by Sri Aurobindo.
SSC GD 2026 – 6 May 2026 Shift 3 · HRA, HSRA, Bhagat Singh and Kakori

Q11. At which location was the meeting held where the
Hindustan Socialist Republican Army (HSRA) was founded?

  1. (a) Gokuldas Tejpal Sanskrit College, Bombay
  2. (b) Feroz Shah Kotla Ground, Delhi
  3. (c) Alfred Park, Allahabad
  4. (d) Jallianwala Bagh, Amritsar
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Feroz Shah Kotla Ground, Delhi

Correct Answer: Feroz Shah Kotla Ground, Delhi — Option (b)
The Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA), also called Hindustan Socialist Republican Army, was founded at a meeting held at Feroz Shah Kotla Ground, Delhi in September 1928. It was formed as a reorganization of the earlier Hindustan Republican Association (HRA), founded in 1924. Key figures who founded the HSRA included Bhagat Singh, Chandrashekhar Azad, Sukhdev, Bhagwati Charan Vohra, and others. The organization adopted socialism as its ideology and launched several revolutionary activities against British rule.
Option (a) Gokuldas Tejpal Sanskrit College, Bombay — Incorrect: The HSRA's founding meeting was held in Delhi (Feroz Shah Kotla), not in Bombay.
Option (c) Alfred Park, Allahabad — Incorrect: Alfred Park (now Chandrashekhar Azad Park) in Allahabad is where Chandrashekhar Azad sacrificed his life in 1931 in a confrontation with British police; it was not the founding location of HSRA.
Option (d) Jallianwala Bagh, Amritsar — Incorrect: Jallianwala Bagh is the site of the 1919 massacre by British forces; it was not where the HSRA was founded.
SSC GD 2026 – 4 May 2026 Shift 3 · Lucknow Pact

Q12. In which year was the historic Lucknow Pact signed between Congress and the Muslim League?

  1. (a) 1929
  2. (b) 1925
  3. (c) 1919
  4. (d) 1916
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) 1916

Correct Answer: 1916 — Option (d)
The Lucknow Pact was signed in December 1916 between the Indian National Congress (led by Bal Gangadhar Tilak) and the All India Muslim League (led by Muhammad Ali Jinnah). The Pact was a landmark agreement in which both parties agreed on a scheme of political reforms and the provision of separate electorates for Muslims. It represented a rare moment of Hindu-Muslim political unity in the independence movement.
Option (a) 1929 — Incorrect: 1929 was the year of the Lahore Session of Congress where Purna Swaraj (complete independence) was declared, not the Lucknow Pact.
Option (b) 1925 — Incorrect: No major pact between Congress and Muslim League occurred in 1925.
Option (c) 1919 — Incorrect: 1919 saw the Rowlatt Act, the Jallianwala Bagh massacre, and the Montague-Chelmsford Reforms — not the Lucknow Pact.
RRB NTPC GL CBT-1 2025-26 – 27 March 2026 Shift 3 · Partition of Bengal and Swadeshi Movement

Q13. Which of the following samitis was founded by Ashwini Kumar Dutt in Barisal?

  1. (a) Bharat Mata Samiti
  2. (b) Swadesh Bandhab Samiti
  3. (c) Jugantar Samiti
  4. (d) Anushilan Samiti
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Swadesh Bandhab Samiti

Topic: Indian Freedom Movement Organizations
Ashwini Kumar Duttfounded theSwadesh Bandhab Samitiin Barisal (Bengal) in 1905.
Key Facts:
• Promoted Swadeshi movement and boycott of foreign goods
• Organized during the anti-partition agitation of Bengal
• Focused on self-reliance and national education
Other Options:
• Bharat Mata Samiti - founded by Ajit Singh in Punjab
• Jugantar Samiti - revolutionary group in Bengal (1906)
• Anushilan Samiti - founded by Pramathanath Mitra (1902)
Answer: Option 2 → Swadesh Bandhab Samiti
RRB NTPC GL CBT-1 2025-26 – 27 March 2026 Shift 3 · Partition of Bengal and Swadeshi Movement

Q14. Which of the following institutions was set up during the Swadeshi movement?

  1. (a) Bethune School
  2. (b) Banaras Hindu University
  3. (c) Shantiniketan
  4. (d) Bengal National College
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) Bengal National College

Swadeshi Movement (1905-1908)
Bengal National College was established in1906during the Swadeshi Movement as part of the National Education Movement.
Founded byAurobindo Ghoshand others to promote indigenous education and boycott British institutions.
Other institutions:
Bethune School → 1849 (pre-Swadeshi)
Shantiniketan → 1901 (before Swadeshi)
Banaras Hindu University → 1916 (after Swadeshi)
Answer: Option 4 → Bengal National College
RRB NTPC GL CBT-1 2025-26 – 24 March 2026 Shift 2 · HRA, HSRA, Bhagat Singh and Kakori

Q15. Who among the following was NOT sentenced to death in the Kakori Conspiracy Case (1925)?

  1. (a) Roshan Singh
  2. (b) Ashfaqulla Khan
  3. (c) Rajendra Lahiri
  4. (d) Sachindra Nath Bakshi
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) Sachindra Nath Bakshi

Kakori Conspiracy Case (1925)
The Kakori train robbery was conducted by HRA revolutionaries on 9 August 1925.
Death Sentences:
1.Ramprasad Bismil- Hanged on 19 December 1927
2.Ashfaqulla Khan- Hanged on 19 December 1927
3.Roshan Singh- Hanged on 19 December 1927
4.Rajendra Lahiri- Hanged on 17 December 1927
Sachindra Nath Bakshiwas sentenced to life imprisonment, not death.
Answer: Option 4 → Sachindra Nath Bakshi
RRB NTPC GL CBT-1 2025-26 – 22 March 2026 Shift 3 · Lucknow Pact

Q16. Which of the following pairs of leaders were closely associated with the signing of the Lucknow Pact of 1916?

  1. (a) Dadabhai Naoroji and Surendranath Banerjee
  2. (b) Bal Gangadhar Tilak and Muhammad Ali Jinnah
  3. (c) Gopal Krishna Gokhale and Annie Besant
  4. (d) Lala Lajpat Rai and Bipin Chandra Pal
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Bal Gangadhar Tilak and Muhammad Ali Jinnah

Topic: Lucknow Pact of 1916
The Lucknow Pact was a historic agreement between the Indian National Congress and the All-India Muslim League signed in December 1916.
Key Leaders:
•Bal Gangadhar Tilakrepresented the Congress (Extremist faction)
•Muhammad Ali Jinnahrepresented the Muslim League
The pact aimed at Hindu-Muslim unity and joint demand for self-government from the British.
Answer: Option 2 → Bal Gangadhar Tilak and Muhammad Ali Jinnah
RRB JE CBT-1 2025-26 – 20 February 2026 · Early revolutionary activities

Q17. Prafulla Chaki and Khudiram Bose are known for their attempt to assassinate which British official?

  1. (a) John Morley
  2. (b) Lord Minto
  3. (c) Douglas Kingsford
  4. (d) Lord Curzon
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Douglas Kingsford

Prafulla Chaki and Khudiram Bose are famous for their attempt to assassinate Douglas Kingsford.
Douglas Kingsford was a British magistrate in Muzaffarpur, Bihar.
They tried to kill him as part of the Indian freedom struggle against British rule.
This event is a significant part of India's revolutionary history.
Hence, the correct answer is Douglas Kingsford (Option 3).
Answer ends here.
RRB JE CBT-1 2025-26 – 20 February 2026 · Ghadar Party and revolutionaries abroad

Q18. What was the name of the headquarters of the Ghadar Party?

  1. (a) Azad Ashram
  2. (b) Yugantar Ashram
  3. (c) Hindustan Ashram
  4. (d) Bharat Ashram
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Yugantar Ashram

The Ghadar Party's headquarters was called Yugantar Ashram.
It was established in the United States to organise Indian immigrants for independence efforts.
Yugantar Ashram served as the central hub for planning and coordination.
Hence, the correct answer is Yugantar Ashram.
RRB JE CBT-1 2025-26 – 20 February 2026 · Partition of Bengal and Swadeshi Movement

Q19. Which form of nationalist protest emerged in response to the Partition of Bengal in 1905 that integrated economic, social, and political action?

  1. (a) Boycotting British goods and promoting indigenous industries
  2. (b) Submitting petitions to the British Parliament for reversal
  3. (c) Organising armed resistance against colonial authorities
  4. (d) Pursuing constitutional agitation within legislative councils
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Boycotting British goods and promoting indigenous industries

The Partition of Bengal in 1905 sparked a widespread nationalist response.
The response prominently included economic actions like boycotting British goods.
It also promoted indigenous industries as a form of economic self-reliance.
This integrated approach combined economic, social, and political protest.
Boycotting British products became a unifying form of resistance known as the Swadeshi Movement.
Other options like petitions, armed resistance, or constitutional agitation were not the primary integrated response after 1905 Partition.
Thus, the correct form of nationalist protest was boycotting British goods and promoting indigenous industries.
Final answer: Option 1
RRB JE CBT-1 2025-26 – 19 February 2026 · Home Rule Leagues

Q20. The Indian Home Rule League at Madras was founded by ______.

  1. (a) Subhas Chandra Bose
  2. (b) Annie Besant
  3. (c) Bala Gangadhar Tilak
  4. (d) Mahatma Gandhi
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Annie Besant

The Indian Home Rule League at Madras was founded by Annie Besant.
Annie Besant was a prominent leader who championed Indian self-rule.
She established the Home Rule League in Madras in 1916 to promote autonomy.
Other leaders like Tilak also founded Home Rule Leagues but in different regions.
Therefore, the correct founder at Madras is Annie Besant.
Final answer: Option 2
SSC MTS 2025 – 18 February 2026 Shift 1 · Partition of Bengal and Swadeshi Movement

Q21. In which of the following movement was the Tricolour flag designed?

  1. (a) Sanyasi Movement
  2. (b) Swadeshi Movement
  3. (c) Champaran Movement
  4. (d) Bardoli Movement
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Swadeshi Movement

The Indian Tricolour flag was designed during the Swadeshi Movement (1905–1911). The flag was first designed by Sachindra Prasad Bose and Hemchandra Kanungo in 1906 during this movement. The Sanyasi Movement (18th century), Champaran Movement (1917), and Bardoli Movement (1928) are not associated with the flag's design.
SSC MTS 2025 – 18 February 2026 Shift 1 · Muslim League and Morley-Minto Reforms

Q22. Which theory, proposed by Muhammad Ali Jinnah, did Maulana Azad strongly oppose?

  1. (a) Satyagraha
  2. (b) Quit India Movement
  3. (c) Two-Nation Theory
  4. (d) Civil Disobedience Movement
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Two-Nation Theory

Maulana Abul Kalam Azad strongly opposed the Two-Nation Theory proposed by Muhammad Ali Jinnah. The Two-Nation Theory held that Hindus and Muslims were two separate nations requiring separate homelands. Azad, a devout Muslim, firmly believed in a united India. Satyagraha, Quit India Movement, and Civil Disobedience were nationalist strategies, not theories proposed by Jinnah.
Delhi Police Head Constable (Ministerial) 2025-26 – 9 January 2026 Shift 1 · Partition of Bengal and Swadeshi Movement

Q23. What was the stated reason for the 1905 Partition of Bengal?

  1. (a) Promote administrative convenience
  2. (b) Divide Bengal on religious lines
  3. (c) Support Bengali nationalism
  4. (d) Reduce famine in eastern districts
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Promote administrative convenience

Correct Answer: Option 1 – Promote administrative convenience
Lord Curzon, the Viceroy of India, officially stated that the Partition of Bengal in 1905 was carried out for administrative convenience. Bengal was the largest province in British India, and Curzon argued that it was too large (over 78 million people) for a single administration to govern efficiently. He claimed dividing it would improve administrative efficiency and allow better governance of the eastern districts.
However, Indian nationalists and historians argue that the REAL motive was to divide the powerful Bengali nationalist movement along communal lines (Hindu Bengal in the West, Muslim-majority Bengal in the East), thereby weakening the independence movement using divide-and-rule tactics.
Why other options are wrong:
Option 2 (Divide on religious lines): While this was arguably the real underlying motive, it was NOT the STATED (official) reason given by the British.
Option 3 (Support Bengali nationalism): This is the opposite — the partition was aimed at weakening Bengali nationalism.
Option 4 (Reduce famine): Famine reduction was not stated as a reason for the partition.
Delhi Police Head Constable (Ministerial) 2025-26 – 8 January 2026 Shift 2 · HRA, HSRA, Bhagat Singh and Kakori

Q24. On the occasion of his birth anniversary in July 2025, which contribution is Chandra Shekhar Azad most remembered for?

  1. (a) Promoting rural education and women's rights
  2. (b) Founding the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh
  3. (c) Leading armed resistance against British colonial rule
  4. (d) Drafting the Constitution of India
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Leading armed resistance against British colonial rule

Correct Answer: Option 3 – Leading armed resistance against British colonial rule
Chandra Shekhar Azad (23 July 1906 – 27 February 1931) is celebrated as one of the most fearless revolutionaries of India's freedom struggle. He is best remembered for:
• Leading the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA) along with Bhagat Singh and others.
• Planning and executing the Kakori Train Robbery (1925) to fund revolutionary activities.
• Avenging Lala Lajpat Rai's death by participating in the killing of British police officer Saunders.
• Vowing never to be captured alive — he died fighting British police in Allahabad's Alfred Park on 27 February 1931.
Why other options are wrong:
Option 1 (Rural education and women's rights): This is associated with reformers like Jyotiba Phule, not Azad.
Option 2 (Founding RSS): RSS was founded by K.B. Hedgewar in 1925, not by Chandra Shekhar Azad.
Option 4 (Drafting the Constitution): The Constitution was drafted by the Constituent Assembly under Dr. B.R. Ambedkar's leadership. Azad died in 1931, years before the Constitution was drafted.
Delhi Police Constable (Exe) 2025-26 – 6 January 2026 Shift 3 · Ghadar Party and revolutionaries abroad

Q25. The "Indian Sociologist", a revolutionary publication from London, was established by:

  1. (a) Shyamji Krishna Varma
  2. (b) Madame Cama
  3. (c) Savarkar
  4. (d) Lala Hardaya
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Shyamji Krishna Varma

The correct answer is (a) Shyamji Krishna Varma.
The Indian Sociologist was a revolutionary nationalist monthly journal published from London, established in January 1905 by Shyamji Krishna Varma (also spelled Shyamji Krishna Verma). He founded India House in London and used the journal to propagate revolutionary nationalism and advocate for Indian independence.
(b) Madame Cama: A revolutionary nationalist who co-founded the Paris India Society and helped publish Bande Mataram (from Geneva/Paris); did not establish the Indian Sociologist from London.
(c) Savarkar: Vinayak Damodar Savarkar was associated with Abhinav Bharat and India House; he was a contributor to India House's activities but did not establish the Indian Sociologist.
(d) Lala Hardaya: Lala Har Dayal founded the Ghadar Party in San Francisco (1913); not associated with establishing the Indian Sociologist.
Delhi Police Constable (Exe) 2025-26 – 6 January 2026 Shift 3 · HRA, HSRA, Bhagat Singh and Kakori

Q26. The 'Kakori Conspiracy' (1925) was a train robbery near Lucknow, organized by which revolutionary group?

  1. (a) Anushilan Samiti
  2. (b) Ghadar Party
  3. (c) Hindustan Republican Association (HRA)
  4. (d) Jugantar
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Hindustan Republican Association (HRA)

The correct answer is (c) Hindustan Republican Association (HRA).
The Kakori Conspiracy (also called Kakori Case) of August 9, 1925, was organized by members of the Hindustan Republican Association (HRA), founded by Sachindra Nath Sanyal. The revolutionaries looted the British government treasury from a train at Kakori (near Lucknow) to fund revolutionary activities. Key participants included Ram Prasad Bismil, Ashfaqulla Khan, Chandrashekhar Azad, and others.
(a) Anushilan Samiti: A revolutionary organization based in Bengal; not directly responsible for the Kakori Conspiracy.
(b) Ghadar Party: A revolutionary organization founded in 1913 by Lala Har Dayal in San Francisco among Indian immigrants; not directly responsible for the Kakori Conspiracy.
(d) Jugantar: A revolutionary organization based in Bengal; not responsible for the Kakori Conspiracy.
Delhi Police Constable (Exe) 2025-26 – 6 January 2026 Shift 3 · Partition of Bengal and Swadeshi Movement

Q27. The 'Partition of Bengal' (1905) was annulled (cancelled) in which year, following mass protests?

  1. (a) 1908
  2. (b) 1911
  3. (c) 1914
  4. (d) 1919
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) 1911

The correct answer is (b) 1911.
The Partition of Bengal, announced by Lord Curzon in October 1905, was annulled in December 1911 during the Delhi Durbar by King George V (under Viceroy Lord Hardinge), following sustained mass protests, the Swadeshi Movement, and Bengal boycott. On the same occasion, the capital of British India was moved from Calcutta to Delhi.
(a) 1908: The Swadeshi movement and anti-partition protests were still active; the partition was not annulled in 1908.
(c) 1914: This marks the beginning of World War I; the partition was already annulled in 1911.
(d) 1919: This is the year of the Rowlatt Act and Jallianwala Bagh massacre; not the year of Bengal partition's annulment.
Delhi Police Constable (Exe) 2025-26 – 5 January 2026 Shift 3 · Home Rule Leagues

Q28. From which of the following was the early 20th-century Home Rule Movement in India, which aimed at promoting self-government within the British Empire and mobilizing mass nationalist sentiment, inspired?

  1. (a) The American Civil War
  2. (b) The French Revolution
  3. (c) The Irish Home Rule movement
  4. (d) The Boer War
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) The Irish Home Rule movement

The correct answer is (c) The Irish Home Rule movement.
The Home Rule Movement in India (1916) was launched by Bal Gangadhar Tilak and Annie Besant, who was directly inspired by the Irish Home Rule movement led by Irish nationalists seeking self-governance within the British Empire. The concept of 'Home Rule' — autonomy within the Empire rather than complete independence — was directly borrowed from the Irish context.
(a) The American Civil War (1861-65): A conflict about slavery and states' rights in the USA; not directly related to the Indian Home Rule Movement.
(b) The French Revolution (1789): Inspired ideas of liberty and equality globally, but the specific concept of 'Home Rule' came from Ireland.
(d) The Boer War (1899-1902): A colonial conflict in South Africa; while it influenced Indian opinions on British imperialism, it was not the direct inspiration for the Home Rule Movement.
Delhi Police Constable (Exe) 2025-26 – 30 December 2025 Shift 1 · HRA, HSRA, Bhagat Singh and Kakori

Q29. Ram Prasad Bismil was associated with which freedom movement ideology?

  1. (a) Non-violent resistance
  2. (b) Revolutionary nationalism
  3. (c) Constitutional reforms
  4. (d) Social reform movements
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Revolutionary nationalism

Ram Prasad Bismil was a founding member of the Hindustan Republican Association (HRA) and led the Kakori Train Robbery (1925). He championed revolutionary nationalism — armed resistance against British rule — and was executed on 19 December 1927.
(a) Incorrect: Non-violent resistance was Gandhi's ideology; Bismil actively participated in armed revolutionary activities.
(c) Incorrect: Constitutional reforms were sought by moderates; Bismil rejected constitutional means in favour of revolution.
(d) Incorrect: Social reform movements were led by Raja Ram Mohan Roy, Phule etc.; Bismil's focus was political independence through revolutionary action.
Delhi Police Constable (Exe) 2025-26 – 30 December 2025 Shift 2 · Muslim League and Morley-Minto Reforms

Q30. Who presided over the 'Allahabad Session' of the Muslim League that demanded Pakistan in 1930?

  1. (a) Muhammad Ali Jinnah
  2. (b) Aga Khan
  3. (c) Allama Iqbal
  4. (d) Khwaja Nazimuddin
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Allama Iqbal

Allama Iqbal presided over the historic Allahabad Session of the All India Muslim League in 1930, where he put forth the idea of a separate Muslim homeland in northwestern India. This is considered the intellectual foundation for the demand for Pakistan.
(a) Incorrect: Muhammad Ali Jinnah was not the president of the 1930 Allahabad session; he became the prominent League leader later.
(b) Incorrect: Aga Khan presided over earlier sessions of the Muslim League but not the 1930 Allahabad session.
(d) Incorrect: Khwaja Nazimuddin was a politician from Bengal who later became Prime Minister of Pakistan, not the president of the 1930 Allahabad session.
Delhi Police Constable (Exe) 2025-26 – 29 December 2025 Shift 1 · HRA, HSRA, Bhagat Singh and Kakori

Q31. Ram Prasad Bismil is best known for his role in which revolutionary event?

  1. (a) Jallianwala Bagh Massacre
  2. (b) Kakori Conspiracy
  3. (c) Chauri Chaura Incident
  4. (d) Quit India Movement
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Kakori Conspiracy

Ram Prasad Bismil was one of the key leaders of the Kakori Conspiracy (also called Kakori Train Robbery) of 1925, where he and other revolutionaries (including Ashfaqullah Khan) looted a train at Kakori near Lucknow to fund the independence movement. He was executed on December 19, 1927.
(a) Incorrect: Jallianwala Bagh Massacre (1919) — Bismil was not a leading organiser of this event.
(c) Incorrect: Chauri Chaura Incident (1922) — Bismil was not directly involved.
(d) Incorrect: Quit India Movement (1942) — Bismil was executed in 1927, 15 years before.
Delhi Police Constable (Exe) 2025-26 – 29 December 2025 Shift 2 · HRA, HSRA, Bhagat Singh and Kakori

Q32. Durga Bhabi (Durgavati Devi), an active member of the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA), is known for her close association with which revolutionary figures?

  1. (a) Lala Lajpat Rai, Bal Gangadhar Tilak, Bipin Chandra Pal
  2. (b) Subhas Chandra Bose, Rajguru, Sukhdev
  3. (c) Khudiram Bose, Surya Sen, Ganesh Ghosh
  4. (d) Bhagat Singh, Ashfaqullah Khan, Chandra Shekhar Azad
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) Bhagat Singh, Ashfaqullah Khan, Chandra Shekhar Azad

Durga Bhabi (Durgavati Devi) was a revolutionary patriot and member of HSRA. She is particularly known for her close association with Bhagat Singh (she helped him escape after the Saunders assassination by disguising him as her husband), Chandra Shekhar Azad, and other HSRA revolutionaries. She also attempted to assassinate the Governor of Punjab.
(a) Incorrect: Lala Lajpat Rai, Tilak, and Bipin Chandra Pal were 'Lal-Bal-Pal' Congress leaders, not directly linked to Durga Bhabi's revolutionary work.
(b) Incorrect: While Sukhdev and Rajguru were HSRA members, the association with Subhas Chandra Bose is incorrect in this context.
(c) Incorrect: Khudiram Bose and Surya Sen were Bengali revolutionaries not directly linked to Durga Bhabi's HSRA network.
Delhi Police Constable (Exe) 2025-26 – 24 December 2025 Shift 1 · Early revolutionary activities

Q33. Khudiram Bose was executed by the British for his involvement in which revolutionary act?

  1. (a) Kakori Train Robbery
  2. (b) Muzaffarpur bomb attack
  3. (c) Chittagong Armoury Raid
  4. (d) Delhi Assembly bombing
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Muzaffarpur bomb attack

The correct answer is Muzaffarpur bomb attack (Option 2).
Khudiram Bose was hanged on August 11, 1908 for his role in the Muzaffarpur bomb attack on April 30, 1908. Along with Prafulla Chaki, he threw a bomb at the carriage believed to belong to Magistrate Kingsford (who had ordered harsh punishments for nationalist leaders). The bomb tragically killed two British women instead.
Option 1 - Kakori Train Robbery: The Kakori Train Robbery (1925) was conducted by Ram Prasad Bismil, Ashfaqulla Khan, and others. Khudiram was executed in 1908, 17 years before this event.
Option 3 - Chittagong Armoury Raid: The Chittagong Armoury Raid (1930) was led by Surya Sen ( Masterda ); it occurred more than two decades after Khudiram's execution.
Option 4 - Delhi Assembly bombing: The Delhi Legislative Assembly bombing (1929) was carried out by Bhagat Singh and Batukeshwar Dutt; this was 21 years after Khudiram's martyrdom.
Delhi Police Constable (Exe) 2025-26 – 24 December 2025 Shift 1 · Early revolutionary activities

Q34. At what age did Khudiram Bose become a martyr, making him one of the youngest revolutionaries in India's freedom struggle?

  1. (a) 16 years
  2. (b) 17 years
  3. (c) 18 years
  4. (d) 19 years
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) 18 years

The correct answer is 18 years (Option 3).
Khudiram Bose was born on December 3, 1889, and was executed on August 11, 1908, at the age of 18 years. He is remembered as one of the youngest martyrs in India's freedom struggle, who went to the gallows with a smile and is believed to have carried the Bhagavad Gita in his hands.
Option 1 - 16 years: Khudiram was 18 years old at the time of his execution, not 16.
Option 2 - 17 years: Historical records confirm Khudiram was 18 years, 8 months old at the time of his execution; 17 years is incorrect.
Option 4 - 19 years: Born December 1889, executed August 1908 — he was 18 years old, not 19.
Delhi Police Constable (Exe) 2025-26 – 24 December 2025 Shift 3 · Early revolutionary activities

Q35. Which popular Bengali song, written by poet Pitambar Das, immortalized Khudiram Bose's sacrifice?

  1. (a) Ek Baar Bidaye De Ma
  2. (b) Amar Shaheed Khudiram
  3. (c) Desher Mati Amar Mati
  4. (d) Maa Go Tomar Chokher Jol
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Ek Baar Bidaye De Ma

The correct answer is Ek Baar Bidaye De Ma (Option 1).
'Ek Baar Bidaye De Ma' ( একবার বিদায় দে মা ) is a famous Bengali patriotic song written by poet Pitambar Das that immortalized the sacrifice of Khudiram Bose, one of the youngest revolutionaries hanged by the British in 1908. The song became enormously popular after Khudiram's execution and became a symbol of patriotic sacrifice.
Option 2 - Amar Shaheed Khudiram: This is not the specific Pitambar Das composition that immortalised Khudiram's sacrifice.
Option 3 - Desher Mati Amar Mati: This is a different patriotic Bengali song; it is not the Pitambar Das song specifically associated with Khudiram Bose.
Option 4 - Maa Go Tomar Chokher Jol: This is not the famous Pitambar Das poem that immortalized Khudiram Bose's sacrifice.
Delhi Police Constable (Exe) 2025-26 – 24 December 2025 Shift 3 · Chittagong Armoury Raid and other revolutionaries

Q36. Surya Sen, an Indian revolutionary popularly known as Master Da, was born in which place?

  1. (a) Noapara, Chittagong
  2. (b) Dhaka, Bengal Presidency
  3. (c) Barisal, East Bengal
  4. (d) Silchar , Assam
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Noapara, Chittagong

The correct answer is Noapara, Chittagong (Option 1).
Surya Sen, popularly known as 'Master Da,' was born in 1894 in Noapara village in Chittagong (now in Bangladesh). He was a schoolteacher who became one of Bengal's most prominent revolutionary leaders. He organized and led the famous Chittagong Armoury Raid of April 18, 1930 and was executed by the British in 1934.
Option 2 - Dhaka, Bengal Presidency: Surya Sen was not born in Dhaka; he was born in Noapara , Chittagong.
Option 3 - Barisal, East Bengal: Barisal is not the birthplace of Surya Sen.
Option 4 - Silchar , Assam: Silchar , Assam is not associated with Surya Sen's birthplace.
Delhi Police Constable (Exe) 2025-26 – 24 December 2025 Shift 3 · Chittagong Armoury Raid and other revolutionaries

Q37. Who led the Chittagong Armoury Raid on 18 April 1930?

  1. (a) Bhagat Singh
  2. (b) Surya Sen
  3. (c) Ganesh Ghosh
  4. (d) Pritilata Wadedar
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Surya Sen

The correct answer is Surya Sen (Option 2).
Surya Sen (Master Da) led the Chittagong Armoury Raid on April 18, 1930. He commanded a group of revolutionaries who raided the police armoury and auxiliary force armoury in Chittagong, cut telegraph wires, and declared a provisional revolutionary government. The raid was a bold challenge to British colonial rule in Bengal.
Option 1 - Bhagat Singh: Bhagat Singh was involved in the Lahore Conspiracy Case and the bombing of the Central Legislative Assembly; he was not associated with the Chittagong raid.
Option 3 - Ganesh Ghosh: Ganesh Ghosh was one of Surya Sen's key associates who led the police armoury attack but was not the overall commander of the raid.
Option 4 - Pritilata Wadedar : Pritilata Wadedar was a courageous female revolutionary associated with Surya Sen who later led an attack on the Pahartali European Club; she did not lead the Armoury Raid.
SSC CPO Paper-1 2025 – 12 December 2025 Shift 2 · Muslim League and Morley-Minto Reforms

Q38. The 'Lahore Resolution' passed by the Muslim League in 1940 demanded:
(Fill in the blank)

  1. (a) Complete integration of all princely states with British India
  2. (b) The creation of a separate state for Muslims in the northwestern and eastern parts of India
  3. (c) Equal representation for Muslims in all legislative bodies
  4. (d) The continuation of a united India with enhanced safeguards for minority rights
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) The creation of a separate state for Muslims in the northwestern and eastern parts of India

Correct: The creation of a separate state for Muslims in the northwestern and eastern parts of India.
The Lahore Resolution (1940), later called the 'Pakistan Resolution', demanded independent states for Muslims in the Muslim-majority northwestern and eastern zones of British India. This became the foundation of the demand for Pakistan. Options 1, 3, and 4 contradict the demands made in this resolution.
SSC CPO Paper-1 2025 – 11 December 2025 Shift 1 · Partition of Bengal and Swadeshi Movement

Q39. The primary reason for the British government's decision to partition Bengal in 1905 was:

  1. (a) To promote the educational development of the region.
  2. (b) To improve the administrative efficiency of the large province.
  3. (c) To foster greater unity between the Hindu and Muslim populations of Bengal.
  4. (d) To encourage the growth of industrialization in East Bengal.
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) To improve the administrative efficiency of the large province.

Correct Answer: To improve the administrative efficiency of the large province (Option 2)
The official reason given by Lord Curzon (Viceroy) for the Partition of Bengal in 1905 was to improve administrative efficiency of the large and unwieldy province. However, the underlying motive was widely seen as a divide-and-rule strategy to weaken the growing nationalist movement by splitting Hindu- and Muslim-majority areas.
The partition did not aim to promote educational development.
Rather than fostering unity between Hindus and Muslims, the partition deepened communal divisions.
Industrialization in East Bengal was not a stated objective.
SSC CPO Paper-1 2025 – 10 December 2025 Shift 1 · Lucknow Pact

Q40. In 1916, two major political groups in India came together to present a united front to the British. Which organizations signed this historic agreement, known as the Lucknow Pact?

  1. (a) Indian National Congress and Swaraj Party
  2. (b) All-India Muslim League and Khilafat Committee
  3. (c) Indian National Congress and Muslim League
  4. (d) Hindu Mahasabha and Indian National Congress
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Indian National Congress and Muslim League

Correct Answer: Indian National Congress and Muslim League
The Lucknow Pact of 1916 was signed between the Indian National Congress (led by Bal Gangadhar Tilak) and the All-India Muslim League (led by Muhammad Ali Jinnah). Both agreed on a scheme for constitutional reforms to present to the British government, and Congress accepted the principle of separate electorates for Muslims.
Option 1 (Swaraj Party): Incorrect. Swaraj Party was formed in 1923, after the Lucknow Pact.
Option 2 (Khilafat Committee): Incorrect. The Khilafat Movement came after World War I (1919–1924).
Option 4 (Hindu Mahasabha): Incorrect. It was not part of the Lucknow Pact.
SSC Stenographer 2025 – 7 December 2025 Shift 3 · Chittagong Armoury Raid and other revolutionaries

Q41. With whose participation did the Anushilan group join forces when the Bengal Congress broke up into two factions after the death of CR Das?

  1. (a) Ganesh Ghosh
  2. (b) JM Sengupta
  3. (c) Subhash Bose
  4. (d) Surya Sen
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) JM Sengupta

The correct answer is option 2. After the death of Chittaranjan Das (CR Das) in 1925, the Bengal Congress was divided into two factions – one led by Subhas Chandra Bose and another by Jatindra Mohan Sengupta (JM Sengupta) . During this split, the revolutionary Anushilan Samiti chose to align with JM Sengupta . This alignment was significant as the Anushilan group believed in a more radical and militant approach, and Sengupta’s faction was more receptive to their methods compared to Bose’s side, which was inclined towards constructive programmes and organizational work under the Indian National Congress framework.
SSC CGL Tier-1 2025 – 24 September 2025 Shift 1 · Early revolutionary activities

Q42. The revolutionary Bagha Jatin (Jatindranath Mukherjee) was known for his valiant fight and for inspiring revolutionaries in which Indian state?

  1. (a) Punjab
  2. (b) Uttar Pradesh
  3. (c) Bengal
  4. (d) Bihar
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Bengal

Bagha Jatin (Jatindranath Mukherjee) was a Bengali revolutionary, head of the Jugantar party.
He inspired the armed struggle against British rule from Bengal and died fighting in the Balasore battle in 1915.
SSC CGL Tier-1 2025 – 24 September 2025 Shift 3 · Chittagong Armoury Raid and other revolutionaries

Q43. The trio of Binoy, Badal, and Dinesh are remembered for their daring armed attack on which building, a symbol of British administration in Calcutta?

  1. (a) Victoria Memorial
  2. (b) Fort William
  3. (c) Writers' Building
  4. (d) Howrah Station
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Writers' Building

On 8 December 1930, Binoy Basu, Badal Gupta and Dinesh Gupta of the Bengal Volunteers attacked the Writers' Building in Calcutta, the seat of British administration in Bengal.
They killed the inspector general of prisons NS Simpson; the event is famous as the 'Olive Dale' incident or 'Writers' Building Raid'.
SSC CGL Tier-1 2025 – 23 September 2025 Shift 3 · Early revolutionary activities

Q44. The Chapekar Brothers (Damodar, Balkrishna, and Vasudeo) are remembered for assassinating a British official in response to injustices during the plague epidemic in which Indian city?

  1. (a) Mumbai
  2. (b) Delhi
  3. (c) Pune
  4. (d) Chennai
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Pune

The Chapekar Brothers assassinated W.C. Rand, the British plague commissioner, in Pune on 22 June 1897 in protest against the harsh measures taken during the plague epidemic.
SSC CGL Tier-1 2025 – 22 September 2025 Shift 3 · Partition of Bengal and Swadeshi Movement

Q45. V.O. Chidambaram Pillai, also known as 'Kappalottiya Thamizhan', was a pioneer of the Swadeshi movement who started which enterprise?

  1. (a) Swadeshi Cotton Mills
  2. (b) Swadeshi Steam Navigation Company
  3. (c) Swadeshi Bank
  4. (d) Swadeshi Textile Mills
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Swadeshi Steam Navigation Company

V.O. Chidambaram Pillai founded the Swadeshi Steam Navigation Company (SSN Co.) in 1906 to compete with British shipping monopoly.
Hence , he is also remembered as 'Kappalottiya Thamizhan' (the Tamil helmsman).
SSC CGL Tier-1 2025 – 20 September 2025 Shift 1 · Chittagong Armoury Raid and other revolutionaries

Q46. What was the key contribution of Baikuntha Shukla in the Indian freedom struggle?

  1. (a) He led the Champaran Satyagraha
  2. (b) He protested against Simon Commission
  3. (c) He assassinated a government approver
  4. (d) He founded the HSRA
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) He assassinated a government approver

- Baikuntha Shukla assassinated Phulmati Devi (also known as Phulan Devi), a government approver (informer) who had testified against Bhagat Singh and his associates.
- He was hanged in 1934 for this act.
RRB NTPC UG CBT-1 2024-25 – 8 September 2025 Shift 2 · Partition of Bengal and Swadeshi Movement

Q47. Which of the following is INCORRECT with regard to the Swadeshi movement?

  1. (a) Women participated in large numbers.
  2. (b) Received wide support from upper class Muslims.
  3. (c) Labourers carried out strikes at different parts of the country.
  4. (d) Students participated in large numbers.
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Received wide support from upper class Muslims.

RRB NTPC UG CBT-1 2024-25 – 8 September 2025 Shift 3 · Muslim League and Morley-Minto Reforms

Q48. What was the key electoral innovation introduced in the 1909 Act?

  1. (a) Separate electorates
  2. (b) Proportional representation
  3. (c) Voting rights for all
  4. (d) Women’s suffrage
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Separate electorates

RRB NTPC UG CBT-1 2024-25 – 2 September 2025 Shift 2 · Home Rule Leagues

Q49. Where was the headquarters of the Home Rule League founded by Bal Gangadhar Tilak located?

  1. (a) Pune
  2. (b) Ajmer
  3. (c) Patna
  4. (d) Surat
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Pune

RRB NTPC UG CBT-1 2024-25 – 2 September 2025 Shift 2 · Partition of Bengal and Swadeshi Movement

Q50. The partition of Bengal officially came into force in the year _______.

  1. (a) 1912
  2. (b) 1905
  3. (c) 1919
  4. (d) 1948
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) 1905

RRB NTPC UG CBT-1 2024-25 – 28 August 2025 Shift 3 · Home Rule Leagues

Q51. Which of the following years saw the foundation of the Home Rule League and its phenomenal success?

  1. (a) 1906
  2. (b) 1909
  3. (c) 1919
  4. (d) 1916
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) 1916

RRB NTPC UG CBT-1 2024-25 – 22 August 2025 Shift 2 · HRA, HSRA, Bhagat Singh and Kakori

Q52. This revolutionary freedom fighter co-founded the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association in 1928. Along with B K Dutt, he threw a bomb in the Central Legislative Assembly in 1929. He was tried and executed at the age of 23, along with revolutionaries Sukhdev Thapar and Shivaram Rajguru. The freedom fighter is:

  1. (a) Bhagat Singh
  2. (b) Uddham Singh
  3. (c) Chandrasekhar Azad
  4. (d) Ramprasad Bismil
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Bhagat Singh

RRB NTPC UG CBT-1 2024-25 – 20 August 2025 Shift 3 · Partition of Bengal and Swadeshi Movement

Q53. The Partition of Bengal (1905) was justified by the British on the grounds of ____.

  1. (a) religious harmony
  2. (b) administrative convenience
  3. (c) economic prosperity
  4. (d) spread of education
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) administrative convenience

RRB NTPC UG CBT-1 2024-25 – 12 August 2025 Shift 3 · HRA, HSRA, Bhagat Singh and Kakori

Q54. Which revolutionary along with Batukeshwar Dutt threw bombs in the Central Assembly in 1929?

  1. (a) Ashfaqulla Khan
  2. (b) Chandrashekhar Azad
  3. (c) Rajguru
  4. (d) Bhagat Singh
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) Bhagat Singh

RRB NTPC UG CBT-1 2024-25 – 11 August 2025 Shift 3 · Partition of Bengal and Swadeshi Movement

Q55. Who among the following promoted, raised funds for and ran the Swadeshi Steam Navigation Company (SSNCo) from Tuticorin, a coastal town in southern Tamil Nadu, to take on the might of the British India Steam Navigation Company?

  1. (a) Velu Nachiyar
  2. (b) VO Chidambaram Pillai
  3. (c) Garimella Satyanarayana
  4. (d) Alluri Sitarama Raju
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) VO Chidambaram Pillai

SSC Selection Post 2025 (Phase XIII) – 30 July 2025 Shift 1 · Partition of Bengal and Swadeshi Movement

Q56. The Partition of Bengal in 1905 was carried out under which Viceroy?

  1. (a) Lord Curzon
  2. (b) Lord Ripon
  3. (c) Lord Lytton
  4. (d) Lord Dalhousie
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Lord Curzon

Correct Answer: Option 1 – Lord Curzon
Lord Curzon (Viceroy of India, 1899–1905) carried out the Partition of Bengal on October 16, 1905. He divided the Bengal Province (which included present-day West Bengal, Bangladesh, Bihar, Jharkhand, and Odisha — the largest province of British India) into two: East Bengal and Assam (Muslim majority, capital Dhaka) and West Bengal (Hindu majority, capital Calcutta). The official justification was administrative efficiency, but the real motive was seen as divide-and-rule — dividing Hindus and Muslims. The Partition sparked the Swadeshi Movement and was revoked in 1911.
Option 2 (Lord Ripon): Viceroy 1880–1884; known for the Ilbert Bill controversy and local self-government; partitioned Bengal 21 years before Curzon.
Option 3 (Lord Lytton): Viceroy 1876–1880; known for the Vernacular Press Act, the Second Anglo-Afghan War, and the Delhi Durbar (1877); not associated with Bengal Partition.
Option 4 (Lord Dalhousie): Viceroy 1848–1856; known for Doctrine of Lapse, annexing Punjab, introduction of railways/telegraph; not associated with 1905 Bengal Partition.
RRB NTPC GL CBT-1 2024-25 – 23 June 2025 Shift 3 · Home Rule Leagues

Q57. The Home Rule Movement in India, launched during the World War I, aimed to attain self-government within the British Empire. Which two prominent leaders were associated with starting this movement?

  1. (a) Jawaharlal Nehru and Subhas Chandra Bose
  2. (b) Mahatma Gandhi and Gopal Krishna Gokhale
  3. (c) Lala Lajpat Rai and Bipin Chandra Pal
  4. (d) Annie Besant and Bal Gangadhar Tilak
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) Annie Besant and Bal Gangadhar Tilak

RRB NTPC GL CBT-1 2024-25 – 21 June 2025 Shift 1 · Ghadar Party and revolutionaries abroad

Q58. The Ghadar Party, established in 1913 in San Francisco, aimed to overthrow the British rule in India through revolutionary means. Who was the key founder and ideological leader of the Ghadar Party?

  1. (a) Lala Lajpat Rai
  2. (b) VD Savarkar
  3. (c) Sachindra Nath Sanyal
  4. (d) Lala Har Dayal
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) Lala Har Dayal

RRB NTPC GL CBT-1 2024-25 – 17 June 2025 Shift 1 · Ghadar Party and revolutionaries abroad

Q59. In 1909, Sir William Hutt Curzon Wyllie, a British official, was shot and assassinated in London. Who was responsible for this act?

  1. (a) Khudiram Bose
  2. (b) Madan Lal Dhingra
  3. (c) Subhas Chandra Bose
  4. (d) Ras Bihari Bose
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Madan Lal Dhingra

RRB NTPC GL CBT-1 2024-25 – 17 June 2025 Shift 2 · Early revolutionary activities

Q60. Which secret society founded by Vinayak Damodar Savarkar promoted armed revolution against the British rule?

  1. (a) Anushilan Samiti
  2. (b) Hindustan Socialist Republican Association
  3. (c) Ghadar Party
  4. (d) Abhinav Bharat
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) Abhinav Bharat

RRB NTPC GL CBT-1 2024-25 – 16 June 2025 Shift 2 · Home Rule Leagues

Q61. What was the main demand of the Home Rule Movement?

  1. (a) Abolition of taxes
  2. (b) Self-governance within the British Empire
  3. (c) Full independence from British rule
  4. (d) Ban on all western education in India
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Self-governance within the British Empire

RRB NTPC GL CBT-1 2024-25 – 16 June 2025 Shift 2 · Early revolutionary activities

Q62. The Alipore Bomb Case of 1908 is associated with which Indian revolutionary?

  1. (a) Bhagat Singh
  2. (b) Jatin Das
  3. (c) Khudiram Bose
  4. (d) Aurobindo Ghosh
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) Aurobindo Ghosh

RRB NTPC GL CBT-1 2024-25 – 11 June 2025 Shift 2 · Ghadar Party and revolutionaries abroad

Q63. “Swadesh Sevak Home” is related to which of the following national freedom initiatives?

  1. (a) Home Rule Movement
  2. (b) Non-Cooperation Movement
  3. (c) Ghadar Movement
  4. (d) Swadeshi Movement
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Ghadar Movement

RRB NTPC GL CBT-1 2024-25 – 6 June 2025 Shift 2 · Partition of Bengal and Swadeshi Movement

Q64. The Swadeshi Movement, launched to oppose the partition of Bengal and promote Indian goods, began in which year?

  1. (a) 1904
  2. (b) 1907
  3. (c) 1906
  4. (d) 1905
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) 1905

RRB NTPC GL CBT-1 2024-25 – 6 June 2025 Shift 3 · Partition of Bengal and Swadeshi Movement

Q65. In which year was the Partition of Bengal, initially implemented by the British in 1905, officially annulled?

  1. (a) 1916
  2. (b) 1909
  3. (c) 1910
  4. (d) 1911
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) 1911

RRB JE CBT-1 2024-25 – 17 December 2024 Shift 2 · HRA, HSRA, Bhagat Singh and Kakori

Q66. Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA) was founded in 1928 in which of the following cities?

  1. (a) Calcutta
  2. (b) Lahore
  3. (c) Pune
  4. (d) Delhi
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) Delhi

Answer: Option 4 — Delhi
The Hindustan Socialist Republican Association was founded at a meeting in the Feroz Shah Kotla ground, Delhi, in September 1928.
It reorganised the older Hindustan Republican Association (HRA) and added socialism to its aims.
Revision note — HRA, HSRA and Bhagat Singh
• HRA — founded 1924 at Kanpur by Sachindra Nath Sanyal, Jogesh Chandra Chatterjee and others; Ram Prasad Bismil was a key leader.
• Kakori train robbery — 9 August 1925, by the HRA; Bismil, Ashfaqullah Khan, Rajendra Lahiri and Roshan Singh were hanged.
• HSRA — 1928, Delhi; leaders Chandra Shekhar Azad (commander), Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev, Bhagwati Charan Vohra.
• Saunders killing — December 1928, Lahore, to avenge Lala Lajpat Rai's death after the Simon Commission lathi-charge.
• Central Legislative Assembly bomb — 8 April 1929, by Bhagat Singh and B.K. Dutt ("to make the deaf hear").
• Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev and Rajguru were hanged on 23 March 1931 at Lahore; Azad died at Alfred Park, Allahabad, on 27 February 1931.
Do not mix these up
• HRA vs HSRA — HRA: 1924, Kanpur, Kakori; HSRA: 1928, Delhi, Saunders and the Assembly bomb.
Also asked from this topic: the HSRA co-founder who bombed the Assembly with B.K. Dutt (Bhagat Singh); the year the HRA was formed (1924); the group behind the Kakori train robbery (HRA).

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