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Fundamental Rights PYQs – Polity, SSC & Railway

108 Fundamental Rights (Polity) questions asked in recent SSC and Railway exams, newest first, with exam, date & shift, answers and solutions.

📚 108 questionsSSC 42 · Railway 66
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SSC Stenographer 2026 – 15 September 2026 Shift 1 · Right against Exploitation (Articles 23-24)

Q1. Which of the following practices is specifically prohibited by Article 23 of the Indian Constitution as a violation of fundamental rights?

  1. (a) Child labour in hazardous industries
  2. (b) Begar and human trafficking
  3. (c) Directive Principles of State Policy
  4. (d) Preventive detention without trial
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Begar and human trafficking

Answer: Option 2 — Begar and human trafficking
Article 23 prohibits traffic in human beings, begar (unpaid forced work) and other similar forms of forced labour; any breach is an offence punishable by law.
Child labour in hazardous work is the subject of the next Article, Article 24.
Revision note — Right against Exploitation (Articles 23–24)
• Article 23(1) — bans traffic in human beings (selling and buying of persons, immoral traffic, devadasi-type practices), begar and forced labour; it protects citizens and foreigners alike and is enforceable against private persons too.
• Article 23(2) — the State may impose compulsory service for public purposes (military or social service) but may not discriminate on grounds of religion, race, caste or class while doing so.
• Article 24 — no child below 14 years may be employed in a factory, mine or any other hazardous employment.
• Supporting laws: Bonded Labour System (Abolition) Act 1976, Immoral Traffic (Prevention) Act 1956, Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Act 1986 (amended 2016), Minimum Wages Act 1948.
• In People's Union for Democratic Rights v Union of India (1982) the Supreme Court held that paying less than the minimum wage amounts to forced labour under Article 23.
• The other options belong elsewhere: preventive detention is dealt with in Article 22, and the Directive Principles are Part IV (Articles 36–51) of the Constitution.
Do not mix these up
• Article 23 vs Article 24 — Article 23 is about forced labour and trafficking of any person; Article 24 is about child labour below 14 in hazardous work.
• Article 22 vs Article 23 — Article 22 gives safeguards on arrest and preventive detention; it is part of the Right to Freedom, not the Right against Exploitation.
Also asked from this topic: what Article 23 prohibits (traffic in human beings, begar and forced labour); the Article barring children below 14 from hazardous work (Article 24); the Articles of the Right against Exploitation (23–24).
SSC Stenographer 2026 – 12 September 2026 Shift 1 · Right to Freedom (Articles 19-22)

Q2. Which of the following statements best describes the legal status and constitutional challenges associated with the Right to Be Forgotten (RTBF) in India?

  1. (a) The Right to Be Forgotten is explicitly recognized as a fundamental right under Article 21 by the Supreme Court, granting individuals absolute control to remove any personal information from the internet without restrictions.
  2. (b) The Right to Be Forgotten is derived from the right to privacy under Article 21 and data protection principles, but it is not absolute and must be balanced against the freedom of speech and the public's right to information under Article 19(1)(a).
  3. (c) Indian law currently provides a comprehensive statutory framework for RTBF through the Information Technology Act, 2000, which empowers individuals to demand erasure of any online content violating their privacy.
  4. (d) RTBF applies only to government websites and databases, and private platforms are exempt from any obligation to remove personal data or information upon user request.
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) The Right to Be Forgotten is derived from the right to privacy under Article 21 and data protection principles, but it is not absolute and must be balanced against the freedom of speech and the public's right to information under Article 19(1)(a).

Answer: Option 2 — The Right to Be Forgotten is derived from the right to privacy under Article 21 and data protection principles, but it is not absolute and must be balanced against the freedom of speech and the public's right to information under Article 19(1)(a).
The RTBF has no separate statute in India; courts read it into the right to privacy under Article 21 recognised in the Puttaswamy case (2017).
Like every facet of privacy, it is not absolute — it yields to free speech, public records and the public interest.
Revision note — Right to Be Forgotten and the right to privacy
• K.S. Puttaswamy v. Union of India (24 August 2017) — a nine-judge bench unanimously held privacy to be a Fundamental Right intrinsic to Article 21; the judgment itself discussed the right to be forgotten.
• The idea began in the European Court of Justice's Google Spain case (2014), and the EU's GDPR (2018) Article 17 calls it the right to erasure.
• High Courts apply it case by case — the Delhi High Court (Jorawer Singh Mundy, 2021) had a judgment delisted, and in November 2024 let petitioners ask platforms to mask their identities.
• The Digital Personal Data Protection Act, 2023 gives a data principal the right to correction and erasure (Section 12) of personal data — the closest statutory basis so far.
• The IT Act, 2000 has no erasure right; it only penalises privacy violations (Section 66E) and allows content blocking (Section 69A).
• Free speech under Article 19(1)(a) is limited only by the reasonable restrictions in Article 19(2), so a court must weigh privacy against the public's right to know.
Do not mix these up
• Right to be forgotten vs right to be left alone — the former asks for removal of past information; the latter is freedom from intrusion in the present.
• DPDP Act, 2023 vs IT Act, 2000 — the DPDP Act governs personal data processing; the IT Act governs e-commerce, digital signatures and cyber offences.
Also asked from this topic: the case that recognised the right to privacy (K.S. Puttaswamy v. Union of India, 2017); the Article that protects privacy (Article 21); the year of the DPDP Act (2023).
SSC Stenographer 2026 – 10 September 2026 Shift 3 · Fundamental Rights - general (Articles 12, 13)

Q3. What is enshrined in Part III (Articles 12-35) of the Indian Constitution?

  1. (a) Fundamental Duties
  2. (b) Fundamental Rights
  3. (c) Directive Principles
  4. (d) Union Territories
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Fundamental Rights

Answer: Option 2 — Fundamental Rights
Part III (Articles 12 to 35) contains the Fundamental Rights, borrowed from the Bill of Rights of the United States and enforceable in a court of law.
Revision note — Part III and the six Fundamental Rights
• Right to Equality — Articles 14 to 18; Right to Freedom — Articles 19 to 22.
• Right against Exploitation — Articles 23 and 24; Right to Freedom of Religion — Articles 25 to 28.
• Cultural and Educational Rights — Articles 29 and 30.
• Right to Constitutional Remedies — Article 32, which Dr B. R. Ambedkar called the heart and soul of the Constitution.
• Article 12 defines the State and Article 13 makes any law inconsistent with Part III void.
• The Right to Property was taken out of Part III by the 44th Amendment Act, 1978 and is now only a legal right under Article 300A in Part XII.
Do not mix these up
• Part III vs Part IV vs Part IVA — Part III is Fundamental Rights (Articles 12-35), Part IV the Directive Principles (Articles 36-51), Part IVA the Fundamental Duties (Article 51A).
• Fundamental Rights vs DPSP — Fundamental Rights are justiciable, that is enforceable in court; the Directive Principles are not.
Also asked from this topic: the Part the Right to Property moved to (Part XII, Article 300A); the amendment that shifted it (44th); which of Rights and DPSPs are justiciable (Fundamental Rights).
SSC Stenographer 2026 – 10 September 2026 Shift 3 · Right to Constitutional Remedies (Article 32) and writs

Q4. Which article provides remedies for the enforcement of Fundamental Rights?

  1. (a) Article 32
  2. (b) Article 21
  3. (c) Article 19
  4. (d) Article 51A
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Article 32

Answer: Option 1 — Article 32
Article 32 is the Right to Constitutional Remedies — the right to move the Supreme Court directly for the enforcement of the rights in Part III.
The remedy is itself a Fundamental Right, which is why it stands inside Part III.
Revision note — Article 32 and the five writs
• Dr B. R. Ambedkar called Article 32 the heart and soul of the Constitution.
• The Supreme Court may issue five writs — Habeas Corpus, Mandamus, Prohibition, Certiorari and Quo Warranto.
• Habeas Corpus means to have the body and is issued against unlawful detention, by a public authority or a private person.
• Mandamus commands a public authority to do its public duty; Quo Warranto questions the legality of a person's claim to a public office.
• Prohibition stops a lower court from exceeding its jurisdiction; Certiorari quashes or transfers an order already passed.
• Article 226 gives the High Courts a wider writ power — for Fundamental Rights and for any other legal right.
• Enforcement under Article 32 can be suspended during a National Emergency under Article 359, except for Articles 20 and 21.
Do not mix these up
• Article 32 vs Article 226 — Article 32 is itself a Fundamental Right and covers only Fundamental Rights; Article 226 is a constitutional power of High Courts and is wider in scope.
• Prohibition vs Certiorari — Prohibition is issued while the case is still pending; Certiorari comes after the order has been passed.
• Article 21 vs Article 32 — Article 21 grants the right to life and personal liberty; Article 32 is the remedy used to enforce it.
Also asked from this topic: the Article giving the Right to Constitutional Remedies (Article 32); the number of writs (five); the writ for unlawful detention (Habeas Corpus).
RRB NTPC UG CBT-1 2025-26 – 20 June 2026 Shift 2 · Right to Constitutional Remedies (Article 32) and writs

Q5. The Supreme Court of India can issue how many types of writs (orders)?

  1. (a) 6
  2. (b) 3
  3. (c) 5
  4. (d) 2
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) 5

Topic: Writs under Article 32 (Supreme Court)
The Supreme Court can issue5 types of writs:
1.Habeas Corpus- To produce a person before court
2.Mandamus- To command performance of duty
3.Prohibition- To prohibit lower courts from exceeding jurisdiction
4.Certiorari- To quash orders of lower courts/tribunals
5.Quo Warranto- To inquire into legality of public office claim
Answer: Option 3 → 5
RRB NTPC UG CBT-1 2025-26 – 20 June 2026 Shift 3 · Right to Freedom (Articles 19-22)

Q6. According to the Constitution of India, freedom of the press is implicitly protected as part of which specific Article guaranteeing freedom of speech and expression?

  1. (a) Article 19(1)(a)
  2. (b) Article 22
  3. (c) Article 21
  4. (d) Article 32
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Article 19(1)(a)

Topic:Fundamental Rights - Freedom of Speech and Expression
Article 19(1)(a)guarantees freedom of speech and expression to all citizens.
Freedom of the press is NOT explicitly mentioned in the Constitution.
However, Supreme Court has held that press freedom isimplicitly includedunder Article 19(1)(a).
Other options: Article 21 (Right to Life), Article 22 (Protection against arrest), Article 32 (Constitutional remedies).
Answer: Option 1 → Article 19(1)(a)
RRB NTPC UG CBT-1 2025-26 – 19 June 2026 Shift 3 · Fundamental Rights - general (Articles 12, 13)

Q7. What does Article 13 of the Indian Constitution primarily deal with?

  1. (a) Freedom of Speech
  2. (b) Right to Equality
  3. (c) Judicial Review
  4. (d) Reservation Policy
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Judicial Review

Article 13 of Indian Constitution
Title:Laws inconsistent with or in derogation of the fundamental rights
Key Provisions:
• Declares all pre-Constitution laws void if inconsistent with Fundamental Rights
• State cannot make any law that takes away or abridges Fundamental Rights
• Any law violating Part III shall be void to the extent of inconsistency
This article establishes the doctrine ofJudicial Reviewin India
Courts can strike down laws violating Fundamental Rights
Answer: Option 3 → Judicial Review
RRB NTPC UG CBT-1 2025-26 – 19 June 2026 Shift 3 · Fundamental Rights - general (Articles 12, 13)

Q8. Which Article prevents the state from making laws inconsistent with Fundamental Rights, forming the base of judicial review?

  1. (a) Article 13
  2. (b) Article 17
  3. (c) Article 5
  4. (d) Article 9
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Article 13

Topic: Constitutional Law - Fundamental Rights
Article 13- Laws inconsistent with or in derogation of Fundamental Rights.
Key Points:
• Declares laws inconsistent with Part III (Fundamental Rights) as void.
• State cannot make any law which takes away or abridges Fundamental Rights.
• Forms thefoundation of judicial reviewin India.
• Empowers courts to strike down unconstitutional laws.
Other Articles:
Article 17 → Abolition of Untouchability
Article 5 → Citizenship at commencement of Constitution
Article 9 → Persons voluntarily acquiring foreign citizenship
Answer: Option 1 → Article 13
RRB NTPC UG CBT-1 2025-26 – 18 June 2026 Shift 3 · Right to Property and Article 300A

Q9. What major change was made to the Right to Property by the 44th Amendment Act (1978)?

  1. (a) It was removed from Fundamental Rights
  2. (b) It was elevated to a Directive Principle
  3. (c) It was protected under Article 21
  4. (d) It was given more enforcement power
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) It was removed from Fundamental Rights

Topic: Constitutional Amendment - Right to Property
44th Amendment Act, 1978:
Right to Property was originally a Fundamental Right under Article 31.
The 44th Amendment removed it from Part III (Fundamental Rights).
It was converted into a Legal/Constitutional Right under Article 300A.
This means it can no longer be enforced through Article 32 (Supreme Court) or Article 226 (High Court) as a Fundamental Right.
Answer: Option 1 → It was removed from Fundamental Rights
RRB NTPC UG CBT-1 2025-26 – 17 June 2026 Shift 1 · Fundamental Rights - general (Articles 12, 13)

Q10. Under how many broad categories are the Fundamental Rights guaranteed by the Constitution of India?

  1. (a) Nine
  2. (b) Eleven
  3. (c) Six
  4. (d) Five
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Six

Topic:Fundamental Rights in Indian Constitution
Originally, there were7 categoriesof Fundamental Rights (Articles 12-35).
TheRight to Property(Article 31) was removed as a Fundamental Right by the44th Amendment Act, 1978.
Currently, there are6 broad categories:
1. Right to Equality (Articles 14-18)
2. Right to Freedom (Articles 19-22)
3. Right against Exploitation (Articles 23-24)
4. Right to Freedom of Religion (Articles 25-28)
5. Cultural and Educational Rights (Articles 29-30)
6. Right to Constitutional Remedies (Article 32)
Answer: Option 3 → Six
RRB NTPC UG CBT-1 2025-26 – 17 June 2026 Shift 3 · Right to Freedom of Religion (Articles 25-28)

Q11. Which Article gives religious denominations the authority to conduct their religious affairs?

  1. (a) Article 27
  2. (b) Article 26
  3. (c) Article 24
  4. (d) Article 23
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Article 26

Topic: Fundamental Rights - Right to Freedom of Religion
Article 26:Freedom to manage religious affairs
Grants every religious denomination or section the right to:
• Establish and maintain institutions for religious purposes
• Manage its own affairs in matters of religion
• Own and acquire movable and immovable property
• Administer such property in accordance with law
Answer: Option 2 → Article 26
RRB NTPC UG CBT-1 2025-26 – 16 June 2026 Shift 1 · Right to Freedom (Articles 19-22)

Q12. According to the Constitution of India, the ‘Right to Freedom’ is specifically guaranteed under which exact set of Articles?

  1. (a) Articles 19, 20, 21 and 22
  2. (b) Articles 14, 15, 16 and 17
  3. (c) Articles 32, 33, 34 and 35
  4. (d) Articles 23, 24, 25 and 26
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Articles 19, 20, 21 and 22

Right to Freedom (Articles 19-22)
Article 19:Six freedoms - speech, assembly, association, movement, residence, profession
Article 20:Protection against conviction for offences
Article 21:Protection of life and personal liberty
Article 22:Protection against arrest and detention
Other options cover different rights:
Articles 14-18 → Right to Equality
Articles 23-24 → Right against Exploitation
Articles 25-28 → Right to Freedom of Religion
Answer: Option 1 → Articles 19, 20, 21 and 22
RRB NTPC UG CBT-1 2025-26 – 15 June 2026 Shift 2 · Right to Constitutional Remedies (Article 32) and writs

Q13. Which Article of the Constitution of India grants the “Right to Constitutional Remedies,” empowering individuals to move the Supreme Court for enforcement of Fundamental Rights?

  1. (a) Article 226
  2. (b) Article 32
  3. (c) Article 19
  4. (d) Article 21
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Article 32

Topic: Fundamental Rights - Constitutional Remedies
Article 32- Right to Constitutional Remedies
Empowers citizens to moveSupreme Courtdirectly for enforcement of Fundamental Rights.
Dr. B.R. Ambedkar called it the 'heart and soul' of the Constitution.
Article 226- High Courts can issue writs (broader scope).
Article 19- Six freedoms (speech, assembly, etc.).
Article 21- Right to Life and Personal Liberty.
Answer: Option 2 → Article 32
RRB NTPC UG CBT-1 2025-26 – 15 June 2026 Shift 3 · Right to Equality (Articles 14-18)

Q14. Which Constitutional Amendment introduced 10% reservation for Economically Weaker Sections in education and jobs?

  1. (a) 102ⁿᵈ Amendment
  2. (b) 103ʳᵈ Amendment
  3. (c) 98ᵗʰ Amendment
  4. (d) 104ᵗʰ Amendment
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) 103ʳᵈ Amendment

Topic: Constitutional Amendment - EWS Reservation
103rd Constitutional Amendment Act, 2019
Key Features:
• Introduced10% reservation for Economically Weaker Sections (EWS)
• Applies to admissions in educational institutions and government jobs
• Amended Articles 15 and 16 of the Constitution
• EWS defined as families with annual income below ₹8 lakh
Answer: Option 2 → 103ʳᵈ Amendment
RRB NTPC UG CBT-1 2025-26 – 14 June 2026 Shift 1 · Right to Equality (Articles 14-18)

Q15. According to the Constitution of India, the ‘Right to Equality’ is guaranteed under which exact set of five consecutive Articles?

  1. (a) Articles 12, 13, 14, 15 and 16
  2. (b) Articles 23, 24, 25, 26 and 27
  3. (c) Articles 14, 15, 16, 17 and 18
  4. (d) Articles 19, 20, 21, 22 and 23
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Articles 14, 15, 16, 17 and 18

Right to Equality in Indian Constitution
Part III (Articles 12-35) contains Fundamental Rights.
Right to Equality: Articles 14-18
Article 14 → Equality before law
Article 15 → Prohibition of discrimination
Article 16 → Equality of opportunity in public employment
Article 17 → Abolition of untouchability
Article 18 → Abolition of titles
These five consecutive articles guarantee Right to Equality.
Answer: Option 3 → Articles 14, 15, 16, 17 and 18
RRB NTPC UG CBT-1 2025-26 – 13 June 2026 Shift 2 · Right to Freedom (Articles 19-22)

Q16. Article 22 provides safeguards to arrested or detained individuals under which two detention categories?

  1. (a) Temporary and permanent
  2. (b) Judicial and executive
  3. (c) Civil and military
  4. (d) Punitive and preventive
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) Punitive and preventive

Article 22: Protection Against Arrest and Detention
Article 22 provides safeguards undertwo categories:
1. Punitive Detention:
Detention after conviction for a crime.
Follows normal criminal procedure.
2. Preventive Detention:
Detention without trial to prevent future offense.
Special provisions under Article 22(4) to 22(7).
Article 22(1)-(2): Rights for punitive detention.
Article 22(3)-(7): Safeguards for preventive detention.
Answer: Option 4 → Punitive and preventive
SSC GD 2026 – 30 May 2026 Shift 3 · Right to Property and Article 300A

Q17. Which Fundamental Right was removed from the Indian Constitution?

  1. (a) Right to Education
  2. (b) Right to Property
  3. (c) Right to Freedom of Religion
  4. (d) Right to Equality
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Right to Property

Correct Answer: Right to Property (Option 2)
The Right to Property was originally a Fundamental Right under Articles 19(1)(f) and 31 of the Indian Constitution. It was removed from the list of Fundamental Rights by the 44th Constitutional Amendment Act, 1978. It is now a constitutional right (not a Fundamental Right) under Article 300A, which states that no person shall be deprived of property save by authority of law.
Why others are wrong:
- Right to Education: Added as a Fundamental Right under Article 21A by the 86th Amendment, 2002; it was never removed.
- Right to Freedom of Religion: Remains a Fundamental Right under Articles 25-28.
- Right to Equality: Continues as a Fundamental Right under Articles 14-18.
SSC GD 2026 – 30 May 2026 Shift 3 · Cultural and Educational Rights (Articles 29-30)

Q18. Which Fundamental Right protects the right of minorities to establish educational institutions?

  1. (a) Article 25
  2. (b) Article 28
  3. (c) Article 29
  4. (d) Article 30
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) Article 30

Correct Answer: Article 30 (Option 4)
Article 30 of the Indian Constitution grants all minorities — whether based on religion or language — the right to establish and administer educational institutions of their choice. This is part of the Cultural and Educational Rights (Articles 29-30) guaranteed as Fundamental Rights.
Why others are wrong:
- Article 25: Deals with freedom of conscience and the right to freely profess, practise , and propagate religion.
- Article 28: Deals with freedom as to attendance at religious instruction or religious worship in educational institutions.
- Article 29: Protects the right of any section of citizens to conserve their distinct language, script, or culture; it does not specifically protect the right to establish educational institutions.
SSC GD 2026 – 29 May 2026 Shift 1 · Right to Freedom of Religion (Articles 25-28)

Q19. Which of the following statements regarding the Indian Constitution is correct?
I. Article 27 is related with Freedom as to payment of taxes for promotion of any particular religion.
II. Article 28 is related with Prohibition of traffic in human beings and forced labour .

  1. (a) Only I
  2. (b) Only II
  3. (c) Both I and II
  4. (d) Neither I Nor II
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Only I

Correct Answer: Only I — Option (a)
Statement I is CORRECT (Article 27 = Freedom from paying taxes for promotion of a religion). Statement II is INCORRECT (Article 28 is about freedom from religious instruction in certain educational institutions, NOT prohibition of trafficking). About Article 27 — Statement I (TRUE): Title: Freedom as to payment of taxes for promotion of any particular religion; Content: No person shall be compelled to pay any taxes, the proceeds of which are specifically appropriated in payment of expenses for the promotion or maintenance of any particular religion or religious denomination; Significance: Ensures the principle of secular state — taxpayers' money cannot be used to promote any specific religion; If temple funds collected from taxes are used for temple maintenance, it is permissible as it's not using general public taxes; About Article 28 — Statement II (FALSE): The actual title of Article 28: 'Freedom as to attendance at religious instruction or religious worship in certain educational institutions'; Content: No religious instruction shall be provided in any educational institution wholly maintained out of State funds; Exceptions: Institutions established under any endowment or trust; About Prohibition of trafficking and forced labour : Article 23: Prohibition of traffic in human beings and forced labour (NOT Article 28); Article 23 prohibits: Traffic in human beings; Begar (forced labour ) and other similar forms of forced labour ; Human trafficking; Bonded labour ; So Statement II wrongly attributes the content of Article 23 to Article 28 — hence Statement II is FALSE.
Option (b) Only II — Incorrect: Statement II is INCORRECT — Article 28 does NOT deal with 'Prohibition of traffic in human beings and forced labour '; that is Article 23; Article 28 deals with 'Freedom as to attendance at religious instruction or religious worship in certain educational institutions'; Statement I is correct (Article 27 = Freedom from paying taxes for religious promotion); so the correct answer is Only I, not Only II.
Option (c) Both I and II — Incorrect: Both statements cannot be correct because Statement II is INCORRECT — Article 28 deals with religious instruction in educational institutions, NOT prohibition of trafficking (which is Article 23); only Statement I is correct (Article 27 = freedom from paying taxes for promotion of a religion); therefore, 'Both I and II' is wrong.
Option (d) Neither I Nor II — Incorrect: Statement I IS correct — Article 27 DOES deal with 'Freedom as to payment of taxes for promotion of any particular religion'; therefore 'Neither I Nor II' is incorrect because at least Statement I is true; the correct answer is 'Only I.'
SSC GD 2026 – 27 May 2026 Shift 2 · Right to Constitutional Remedies (Article 32) and writs

Q20. Article 32 of the Indian Constitution is related to which of the following?

  1. (a) Validation of certain acts and regulations
  2. (b) Freedom to manage religious affairs
  3. (c) Remedies for enforcement of rights conferred by this Part
  4. (d) Protection of interests of minorities
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Remedies for enforcement of rights conferred by this Part

Correct Answer: Remedies for enforcement of rights conferred by this Part — Option (c)
Article 32 of the Indian Constitution deals with 'Remedies for enforcement of rights conferred by this Part' — the Right to Constitutional Remedies. About Article 32: Title: Remedies for enforcement of rights conferred by this Part (Part III — Fundamental Rights); Content: Guarantees the right to move the Supreme Court for enforcement of Fundamental Rights; The Supreme Court can issue writs for this purpose; Called: 'Heart and Soul of the Constitution' by Dr. B.R. Ambedkar; Also described as: 'The most important article in the entire Constitution'; Why important: Without a remedy, rights become empty; Article 32 provides the enforcement mechanism for all other Fundamental Rights; The Five Writs under Article 32: Habeas Corpus ('You shall have the body'): To release a person from illegal detention; Mandamus ('We command'): To order a public official/body to perform their duty; Prohibition: Prohibits a lower court from exceeding its jurisdiction; Certiorari: To quash an order of a lower court passed without jurisdiction; Quo Warranto ('By what authority'): To challenge a person's right to hold a public office; Article 32 vs. Article 226: Article 32: Only Supreme Court, only for Fundamental Rights violations; Article 226: High Courts, for both Fundamental Rights violations AND other legal rights; Article 32 itself is a Fundamental Right and cannot be suspended except during National Emergency (Article 359).
Option (a) Validation of certain acts and regulations — Incorrect: Validation of certain acts and regulations is done under the Ninth Schedule (articles related to Constitutional Amendments) — NOT Article 32; Article 32 specifically deals with the remedies for enforcement of Fundamental Rights through writs in the Supreme Court.
Option (b) Freedom to manage religious affairs — Incorrect: Freedom to manage religious affairs is covered under Article 26 (Part III — Fundamental Rights) — NOT Article 32; Article 26 guarantees every religious denomination the right to manage its own affairs in matters of religion; Article 32 is about the remedies/writs for enforcing Fundamental Rights. The candidate selected this incorrect option.
Option (d) Protection of interests of minorities — Incorrect: Protection of interests of minorities is covered under Article 29 and Article 30 (Part III — Fundamental Rights) — NOT Article 32; Article 29 protects the interests of minorities (right to conserve language, script, culture); Article 30 gives minorities the right to establish and administer educational institutions; Article 32 specifically deals with constitutional remedies.
RRB NTPC UG CBT-1 2025-26 – 9 May 2026 Shift 3 · Right to Equality (Articles 14-18)

Q21. “Equality before law” and “equal protection of the laws” under fundamental rights are provided in which of the following provisions of the Constitution of India?

  1. (a) Article 16
  2. (b) Article 13
  3. (c) Article 14
  4. (d) Article 15
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Article 14

Topic: Fundamental Rights - Right to Equality
Article 14of the Constitution guarantees:
•Equality before law(British concept - negative aspect)
•Equal protection of laws(American concept - positive aspect)
Other Articles under Right to Equality:
Article 15 → Prohibition of discrimination
Article 16 → Equality of opportunity in public employment
Article 13 → Laws inconsistent with fundamental rights
Answer: Option 3 → Article 14
RRB NTPC UG CBT-1 2025-26 – 8 May 2026 Shift 3 · Right to Property and Article 300A

Q22. Which Amendment Act restored the Right to Property as a legal right?

  1. (a) 48th Amendment
  2. (b) 44th Amendment
  3. (c) 42nd Amendment
  4. (d) 46th Amendment
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) 44th Amendment

Topic:Right to Property - Constitutional Amendments
44th Amendment Act, 1978
Removed Right to Property from Fundamental Rights (Article 31).
Made it aLegal/Constitutional Rightunder Article 300A.
This means property can be acquired by law, but compensation
is not justiciable in courts.
Answer: Option 2 → 44th Amendment
RRB NTPC GL CBT-1 2025-26 – 27 March 2026 Shift 1 · Right to Property and Article 300A

Q23. The Right to Property was removed from Part III of the Indian Constitution and added to _____.

  1. (a) Part XI
  2. (b) Part XIII
  3. (c) Part XII
  4. (d) Part X
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Part XII

Right to Property - Constitutional Amendment
Originally: Article 19(1)(f) and Article 31 in Part III (Fundamental Rights)
44th Amendment Act, 1978:
• Removed Right to Property from Part III
• Added as Article 300A in Part XII (Property, Contracts, Rights, Liabilities, Obligations and Suits)
Status: Changed from Fundamental Right to Constitutional/Legal Right
Answer: Option 3 → Part XII
RRB NTPC GL CBT-1 2025-26 – 25 March 2026 Shift 1 · Fundamental Rights - general (Articles 12, 13)

Q24. Consider the following statements.
1. Article 13 provides for judicial review of both pre-constitutional and post-constitutional laws.
2. Article 13 declares that all laws inconsistent with or in derogation of the Fundamental Rights shall be null and void.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?

  1. (a) 1 only
  2. (b) Neither 1 nor 2
  3. (c) 2 only
  4. (d) Both 1 and 2
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) Both 1 and 2

Topic: Article 13 - Laws Inconsistent with Fundamental Rights
Statement 1 Analysis:
Article 13(1) covers pre-constitutional laws (laws in force before Constitution)
Article 13(2) covers post-constitutional laws (laws made after Constitution)
Both are subject to judicial review if they violate Fundamental Rights
Statement 1 is CORRECT ✓
Statement 2 Analysis:
Article 13(2) explicitly states: 'The State shall not make any law which takes away or abridges the rights conferred by Part III'
Any law inconsistent with Fundamental Rights shall be void to the extent of inconsistency
Statement 2 is CORRECT ✓
Answer: Option 4 → Both 1 and 2
RRB NTPC GL CBT-1 2025-26 – 24 March 2026 Shift 1 · Right to Equality (Articles 14-18)

Q25. 27% reservation for OBCs in educational institutions was provided through which Constitutional Amendment of the Indian Constitution?

  1. (a) Ninety-Fourth Amendment
  2. (b) Eighty-Sixth Amendment
  3. (c) Ninety-Third Amendment
  4. (d) Ninety-Seventh Amendment
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Ninety-Third Amendment

Topic:Constitutional Amendment for OBC Reservation
93rd Constitutional Amendment Act, 2005
Key Provisions:
- Inserted Article 15(5) in the Constitution
- Enabled 27% reservation for OBCs (Other Backward Classes)
- Applied to central educational institutions
- Exempted from Article 15(1) restrictions
Note: This amendment allowed reservation in institutions
like IITs, IIMs, and central universities.
Answer: Option 3 → Ninety-Third Amendment
RRB NTPC GL CBT-1 2025-26 – 24 March 2026 Shift 2 · Right against Exploitation (Articles 23-24)

Q26. Article 23 specifically prohibits which practice?

  1. (a) Trafficking in human beings
  2. (b) Compulsory service in the armed forces
  3. (c) Child employment in hazardous industries
  4. (d) Conferring of titles
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Trafficking in human beings

Article 23: Prohibition of Traffic in Human Beings and Forced Labour
Article 23(1) specifically prohibits:
•Traffic in human beings(buying/selling of humans)
•Begar(forced labour without payment)
• Other similar forms of forced labour
Article 23(2) allows compulsory service for public purposes.
Note: Child labour in hazardous industries → Article 24
Abolition of titles → Article 18
Answer: Option 1 → Trafficking in human beings
RRB NTPC GL CBT-1 2025-26 – 24 March 2026 Shift 3 · Articles 33-35 and suspension of Fundamental Rights

Q27. Which of the following Articles of the Constitution of India authorises Parliament to alter the applicability of Fundamental Rights with respect to members of the Armed Forces and the forces entrusted with the maintenance of public order?

  1. (a) Article 35
  2. (b) Article 45
  3. (c) Article 33
  4. (d) Article 42
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Article 33

Topic:Constitutional Provisions for Armed Forces
Article 33of the Constitution empowers Parliament to modify
the application of Fundamental Rights (Part III) for:
1. Members of the Armed Forces
2. Forces charged with maintenance of public order
3. Intelligence agencies
This ensures proper discipline and effective discharge of duties
in these services while balancing individual rights.
Other Articles: Art 35 → Parliament's power to legislate on FR
Art 42 → 42nd Amendment, Art 45 → Early childhood care
Answer: Option 3 → Article 33
RRB NTPC GL CBT-1 2025-26 – 19 March 2026 Shift 3 · Right to Equality (Articles 14-18)

Q28. Which provisions were inserted into the Constitution by the 103rd Amendment Act, 2019, to enable reservation for Economically Weaker Sections (EWS)?

  1. (a) Articles 15(5) and 16(5)
  2. (b) Articles 15(4) and 16 (4)
  3. (c) Articles 15(2) and 16(2)
  4. (d) Articles 15(6) and 16(6)
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) Articles 15(6) and 16(6)

103rd Constitutional Amendment Act, 2019
This amendment enabled10% reservation for Economically Weaker Sections (EWS)in educational institutions and public employment.
Key Provisions Inserted:
•Article 15(6)- Allows state to make special provisions for advancement of EWS in admission to educational institutions (except minority institutions).
•Article 16(6)- Enables state to make provisions for reservation in appointments/posts in favor of EWS.
Note:Articles 15(4) and 16(4) deal with SC/ST/OBC reservations, not EWS.
Answer: Option 4 → Articles 15(6) and 16(6)
RRB NTPC GL CBT-1 2025-26 – 17 March 2026 Shift 2 · Right to Constitutional Remedies (Article 32) and writs

Q29. The power to issue writs for the enforcement of Fundamental Rights is vested in_____ .

  1. (a) Session court and High Courts
  2. (b) District Court and High Courts
  3. (c) Lok Adalat and High Courts
  4. (d) Supreme Court and High Courts
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) Supreme Court and High Courts

Article 32:Supreme Court can issue writs for enforcement of Fundamental Rights (Part III)
Article 226:High Courts can issue writs for Fundamental Rights AND other purposes.
Both SC and HCs have power to issue five types of writs: Habeas Corpus, Mandamus, Prohibition, Certiorari, Quo Warranto.
Lower courts (Session, District, Lok Adalat) do NOT have writ jurisdiction.
Answer: Option 4 → Supreme Court and High Courts
RRB NTPC GL CBT-1 2025-26 – 17 March 2026 Shift 2 · Right to Freedom of Religion (Articles 25-28)

Q30. Article 25 of the Indian Constitution primarily guarantees which of the following rights?

  1. (a) Cultural and educational rights
  2. (b) Freedom of religion
  3. (c) Right to constitutional remedies
  4. (d) Right to equality before law
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Freedom of religion

Article 25falls under Part III of the Constitution.
It guaranteesFreedom of Conscience and Free Profession, Practice and Propagation of Religion.
Key provisions: Right to freely profess, practice and propagate religion subject to public order, morality and health.
Answer: Option 2 → Freedom of religion
RRB NTPC GL CBT-1 2025-26 – 17 March 2026 Shift 3 · Right to Equality (Articles 14-18)

Q31. Which Article authorizes the State to make special provisions for the welfare of women and children?

  1. (a) Article 23(2)
  2. (b) Article 15(3)
  3. (c) Article 16(2)
  4. (d) Article 19(5)
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Article 15(3)

Article 15(3)enables the State to make special provisions
for women and children despite the general prohibition of
discrimination under Article 15(1).
This is an exception to the equality clause, allowing
affirmative action for vulnerable groups.
Other Articles:
Article 23(2) - Forced labour exceptions
Article 16(2) - Employment discrimination
Article 19(5) - Restrictions on freedom of movement
Answer: Option 2 → Article 15(3)
RRB JE CBT-1 2025-26 – 19 February 2026 · Right against Exploitation (Articles 23-24)

Q32. Article 23 of the Indian Constitution prohibits which of the following?

  1. (a) Prohibition of discrimination on grounds of religion, race, caste, sex or place of birth
  2. (b) Prohibition of solemnisation of child marriages
  3. (c) Prohibition of traffic in human beings and forced labour
  4. (d) Prohibition of employment of children in factories, etc.
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Prohibition of traffic in human beings and forced labour

Correct option is 3.
Article 23 of the Indian Constitution prohibits trafficking in human beings and forced labour.
It is one of the Fundamental Rights under the chapter on Right against Exploitation.
This article ensures no person is subjected to trafficking or forced labour.
Other options relate to different laws or articles.
Hence, the answer is option 3.
This completes the answer.
SSC MTS 2025 – 6 February 2026 Shift 2 · Right to Freedom of Religion (Articles 25-28)

Q33. Which of the following statement regarding the fundamental rights of the Indian constitution is correct?
I. Article 26 is related Freedom from Taxation for Promotion of a Religion.
II. Article 27 is related to freedom to manage religious affairs.

  1. (a) Only I
  2. (b) Only II
  3. (c) Both I and II
  4. (d) Neither I Nor II
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) Neither I Nor II

Correct Answer: 4 (Neither I Nor II)
Both statements have the articles swapped:
- Article 26 actually deals with: Freedom to manage religious affairs (right to establish/maintain institutions for religious purposes, manage their own affairs in matters of religion).
- Article 27 actually deals with: Freedom from payment of taxes for promotion of any particular religion.
Statement I incorrectly assigns Article 26 to 'Freedom from Taxation' (which is Article 27).
Statement II incorrectly assigns Article 27 to 'freedom to manage religious affairs' (which is Article 26).
Therefore, Neither I nor II is correct.
Delhi Police Head Constable (Ministerial) 2025-26 – 12 January 2026 Shift 3 · Right to Freedom (Articles 19-22)

Q34. Regarding the constitutional framework and judicial scrutiny of preventive detention in India, which of the following statements is correct?

  1. (a) Preventive detention laws violate Article 21 of the Constitution because they allow detention without trial, and the Supreme Court has consistently struck down all such laws as unconstitutional.
  2. (b) Article 22(3) mandates that every person detained preventively must be produced before a magistrate within 48 hours, and this is an absolute safeguard irrespective of exceptions.
  3. (c) The Constitution permits preventive detention under Articles 22(3) to (7), but requires that the detained person must be informed of grounds of detention and allowed to make a representation, and the Supreme Court has upheld these laws subject to procedural safeguards.
  4. (d) Preventive detention laws require prior approval from the Supreme Court before a person can be detained to prevent future crimes.
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) The Constitution permits preventive detention under Articles 22(3) to (7), but requires that the detained person must be informed of grounds of detention and allowed to make a representation, and the Supreme Court has upheld these laws subject to procedural safeguards.

Option 3 is correct. The Indian Constitution explicitly permits preventive detention under Articles 22(3) to 22(7). While the normal safeguards of Article 22(1) and 22(2) (right to be informed of grounds of arrest, right to consult a lawyer, production before a magistrate within 24 hours) are excluded for preventive detainees under Article 22(3), the Constitution still provides minimum safeguards: the detainee must be informed of the grounds of detention as soon as possible, and must be given an opportunity to make a representation to an Advisory Board. The Supreme Court has consistently upheld preventive detention laws (like COFEPOSA, NSA) subject to compliance with these procedural safeguards.
• Option 1 is wrong: The Supreme Court has NOT struck down all preventive detention laws; it has upheld them as constitutionally valid when procedural safeguards are followed.
• Option 2 is wrong: Article 22(3) actually exempts persons detained under preventive detention laws from the 24-hour magistrate production requirement; the 48-hour provision described is incorrect.
• Option 4 is wrong: There is no requirement of prior Supreme Court approval for preventive detention; the executive government can order detention, subject to review by an Advisory Board.
Delhi Police Constable (Exe) 2025-26 – 3 January 2026 Shift 3 · Right to Freedom (Articles 19-22)

Q35. The 'Right to Privacy' was declared a 'Fundamental Right' by the Supreme Court. This right is now part of which Article?

  1. (a) Article 14 (Equality)
  2. (b) Article 19 (Freedom)
  3. (c) Article 21 (Life and Liberty)
  4. (d) Article 32 (Remedies)
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Article 21 (Life and Liberty)

In the landmark judgment K.S. Puttaswamy v. Union of India (2017), a 9-judge Constitution Bench of the Supreme Court unanimously declared that the Right to Privacy is a fundamental right under Article 21 (Right to Life and Personal Liberty) of the Indian Constitution.
(a) Incorrect: Article 14 guarantees Right to Equality; it was not the basis for declaring Right to Privacy a fundamental right.
(b) Incorrect: Article 19 guarantees certain freedoms (speech, assembly, etc.); though related, the Right to Privacy was anchored under Article 21.
(c) Incorrect: Article 32 provides the right to constitutional remedies (to approach the Supreme Court), not the substantive right to privacy.
Delhi Police Constable (Exe) 2025-26 – 2 January 2026 Shift 3 · Right to Constitutional Remedies (Article 32) and writs

Q36. Which of the given writs literally means 'command', i.e. to command a person to do its duty?

  1. (a) Prohibition
  2. (b) Certiorari
  3. (c) Mandamus
  4. (d) Quo warranto
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Mandamus

Mandamus (Latin: 'we command') is a writ issued by a superior court directing a person, corporation, or inferior court to perform a public or statutory duty. It literally translates to 'we command' and is used to enforce performance of legal duties.
(a) Incorrect: Prohibition is a writ issued to prevent a lower court or tribunal from exceeding its jurisdiction.
(b) Incorrect: Certiorari is a writ issued to quash the order of a lower court or quasi-judicial body that acted beyond its jurisdiction.
(c) Incorrect: Quo warranto (meaning 'by what authority') challenges a person's right or authority to hold a public office.
Delhi Police Constable (Exe) 2025-26 – 29 December 2025 Shift 3 · Right to Freedom (Articles 19-22)

Q37. Right to Education was added to our constitution mentioned in which of the following article?

  1. (a) Art 51
  2. (b) Art 51A
  3. (c) Art 21
  4. (d) Art 21A
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) Art 21A

Article 21A was inserted in the Constitution by the 86th Constitutional Amendment Act, 2002. It provides for free and compulsory education to all children between 6-14 years of age as a Fundamental Right. The Right to Education (RTE) Act 2009 was enacted to implement Article 21A.
(a) Incorrect: Art 51 deals with promotion of international peace and security (Directive Principle).
(b) Incorrect: Art 51A lists the Fundamental Duties of citizens.
(c) Incorrect: Art 21 provides the Right to Life and Personal Liberty; Art 21A specifically addresses Right to Education.
Delhi Police Constable (Exe) 2025-26 – 24 December 2025 Shift 1 · Cultural and Educational Rights (Articles 29-30)

Q38. Which Article of the Indian Constitution specifically provides for safeguarding the interests of minorities?

  1. (a) Article 31
  2. (b) Article 29
  3. (c) Article 28
  4. (d) Article 32
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Article 29

The correct answer is Article 29 (Option 2).
Article 29 of the Indian Constitution specifically provides for the protection of the interests of minorities. It grants any section of citizens with a distinct language, script, or culture the right to conserve the same, and prohibits discrimination in admission to educational institutions on grounds of religion, race, caste, or language.
Option 1 - Article 31: Article 31 (originally dealing with the right to property) was repealed by the 44th Constitutional Amendment (1978); it does not safeguard minority interests.
Option 3 - Article 28: Article 28 deals with freedom from attending religious instruction in certain educational institutions; it is a freedom applicable broadly, not specifically a minority protection article.
Option 4 - Article 32: Article 32 provides the constitutional right to move the Supreme Court for enforcement of Fundamental Rights; it applies to all citizens, not specifically minorities.
Delhi Police Constable (Exe) 2025-26 – 23 December 2025 Shift 3 · Right to Equality (Articles 14-18)

Q39. What subject matter is addressed under Article 17 of the Indian Constitution?

  1. (a) Abolition of untouchability
  2. (b) Abolition of feudal titles
  3. (c) Right to equality
  4. (d) Right to freedom
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Abolition of untouchability

The correct answer is Abolition of untouchability (Option 1).
Article 17 of the Indian Constitution abolishes 'untouchability' in all its forms and forbids its practice. The enforcement of any disability arising out of untouchability is an offence punishable by law. The Protection of Civil Rights Act, 1955 was enacted to implement this provision.
Option 2 - Abolition of feudal titles: The abolition of titles (like Nawab, Maharaja for official/hereditary use) is addressed by Article 18, which abolishes titles except military and academic distinctions.
Option 3 - Right to equality: The Right to Equality is the broader right covered under Articles 14 to 18. Article 14 guarantees equality before law, Article 15 prohibits discrimination, and Article 16 provides equality of opportunity.
Option 4 - Right to freedom: The Right to Freedom is guaranteed under Articles 19 to 22, covering freedoms of speech, assembly, movement, profession, and rights against arbitrary arrest.
Delhi Police Constable (Exe) 2025-26 – 22 December 2025 Shift 1 · Fundamental Rights - general (Articles 12, 13)

Q40. The "Golden Triangle" in Indian constitutional jurisprudence refers to —

  1. (a) Articles 14, 19, and 21
  2. (b) Articles 368, 371, and 372
  3. (c) Articles 32, 136, and 226
  4. (d) Articles 280, 281, and 282
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Articles 14, 19, and 21

The 'Golden Triangle' in Indian constitutional jurisprudence refers to Articles 14 (right to equality), 19 (right to freedom/six freedoms), and 21 (right to life and personal liberty) — the three most fundamental and interconnected rights. Any law that violates any one of these must be tested against the other two as well. Option 1 is correct.
Option 2 is wrong: Articles 368, 371, and 372 deal with constitutional amendments, special provisions for certain states, and continuance of existing laws respectively — they are not known as the 'Golden Triangle.'
Option 3 is wrong: Articles 32, 136, and 226 relate to judicial remedies (Supreme Court's jurisdiction, special leave petitions, and High Court writs) — not the 'Golden Triangle' of fundamental rights.
Option 4 is wrong: Articles 280, 281, and 282 deal with Finance Commission, recommendations of Finance Commission, and expenditure from Consolidated Fund — they are related to fiscal federalism, not the 'Golden Triangle.'
Delhi Police Constable (Exe) 2025-26 – 22 December 2025 Shift 3 · Right to Freedom (Articles 19-22)

Q41. Right to freedom in our constitution is mentioned in which of the following sets of articles?

  1. (a) Art 5 to 11
  2. (b) Art 1 to 4
  3. (c) Art 19 to 22
  4. (d) Art 36 to 51
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Art 19 to 22

The correct answer is Art 19 to 22 (Option 3).
Articles 19 to 22 of the Indian Constitution collectively form the 'Right to Freedom,' which includes freedoms of speech, assembly, movement, and protection against arbitrary arrest.
Option 1 - Art 5 to 11: These articles deal with Citizenship provisions.
Option 2 - Art 1 to 4: These articles deal with the Union and its territory, naming of states, and formation of new states.
Option 4 - Art 36 to 51: These articles deal with the Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP), which are non-justiciable guidelines for governance.
Delhi Police Constable (Exe) 2025-26 – 20 December 2025 Shift 1 · Fundamental Rights - general (Articles 12, 13)

Q42. Which of the following Article provides that laws inconsistent with Fundamental Rights shall be void?

  1. (a) Article 12
  2. (b) Article 13
  3. (c) Article 19
  4. (d) Article 32
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Article 13

Article 13 of the Indian Constitution declares that any pre-constitutional or post-constitutional law that is inconsistent with or abridges the Fundamental Rights guaranteed under Part III shall be void to the extent of such inconsistency. Option 2 is correct.
Option 1 is wrong: Article 12 defines the term 'State' for the purposes of Part III (Fundamental Rights); it does not void laws inconsistent with FRs.
Option 3 is wrong: Article 19 guarantees six freedoms to citizens (speech, assembly, movement, etc.); it does not contain the provision making inconsistent laws void.
Option 4 is wrong: Article 32 provides the right to move the Supreme Court for enforcement of Fundamental Rights (the 'heart and soul' of the Constitution); it does not declare laws void.
Delhi Police Constable (Exe) 2025-26 – 20 December 2025 Shift 3 · Right to Freedom (Articles 19-22)

Q43. The right to privacy was recognized in —

  1. (a) Minerva Mills v. Union of India
  2. (b) K.S. Puttaswamy v. Union of India
  3. (c) ADM Jabalpur v. Shivkant Shukla
  4. (d) Maneka Gandhi v. Union of India
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) K.S. Puttaswamy v. Union of India

In K.S. Puttaswamy v. Union of India (2017), a nine-judge Constitution Bench of the Supreme Court of India unanimously held that the right to privacy is a fundamental right protected under Article 21 (right to life and personal liberty) read with other fundamental rights. Option 2 is correct.
Option 1 is wrong: Minerva Mills v. Union of India (1980) struck down parts of the 42nd Amendment that curtailed judicial review and gave Parliament unlimited power to amend the Constitution; it did not deal with the right to privacy.
Option 3 is wrong: ADM Jabalpur v. Shivkant Shukla (1976) (the Habeas Corpus case) controversially held that fundamental rights could be suspended during an Emergency — the Puttaswamy judgment overruled this. It did not recognize the right to privacy.
Option 4 is wrong: Maneka Gandhi v. Union of India (1978) held that 'procedure established by law' under Article 21 must be fair, just, and reasonable, expanding due process protections — but the formal recognition of privacy as a fundamental right was in Puttaswamy (2017).
Delhi Police Constable (Exe) 2025-26 – 20 December 2025 Shift 3 · Right to Property and Article 300A

Q44. Which of the following constitutional amendments removed the right to property from Part III?

  1. (a) 42nd Amendment
  2. (b) 44th Amendment
  3. (c) 52nd Amendment
  4. (d) 59th Amendment
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) 44th Amendment

The 44th Constitutional Amendment Act, 1978, enacted during the Janata Government under PM Morarji Desai, removed the Right to Property (Article 19(1)(f) and Article 31) from Part III (Fundamental Rights) and re-placed it as a mere legal right under Article 300A. Option 2 is correct.
Option 1 is wrong: The 42nd Amendment (1976), passed during the Emergency under Indira Gandhi, made sweeping changes to the Constitution (adding 'socialist' and 'secular' to the Preamble, expanding Parliament's powers) but did NOT remove the right to property from Part III.
Option 3 is wrong: The 52nd Amendment (1985) added the Tenth Schedule (Anti-Defection Law) to the Constitution; it had nothing to do with removing the right to property.
Option 4 is wrong: The 59th Amendment (1988) made provisions related to Punjab and the imposition of President's Rule; it is unrelated to the removal of the right to property from fundamental rights.
Delhi Police Constable (Exe) 2025-26 – 19 December 2025 Shift 2 · Articles 33-35 and suspension of Fundamental Rights

Q45. Which fundamental right cannot be suspended even during an emergency?

  1. (a) Article 21
  2. (b) Article 32
  3. (c) Article 19
  4. (d) Article 14
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Article 21

Article 21 (Right to Life and Personal Liberty) cannot be suspended even during a National Emergency. Under Article 359, the President can issue an order suspending the right to approach courts for the enforcement of Fundamental Rights during an Emergency, except for Articles 20 and 21. Article 20 (Protection against arbitrary conviction) and Article 21 are the only two Fundamental Rights that remain in force even during a national emergency.
Option 2 is incorrect: Article 32 (Right to Constitutional Remedies — right to approach the Supreme Court) CAN be suspended during an Emergency under Article 359.
Option 3 is incorrect: Article 19 (Six Freedoms — speech, assembly, association, movement, residence, profession) can be suspended during an Emergency under Articles 358 and 359.
Option 4 is incorrect: Article 14 (Right to Equality before law) can be suspended during an Emergency under an Article 359 Presidential order.
Delhi Police Constable (Exe) 2025-26 – 18 December 2025 Shift 2 · Right to Property and Article 300A

Q46. Article 300A of the constitution of India protects:

  1. (a) Union property from State laws
  2. (b) Right to property as legal right
  3. (c) Right to carry on trade
  4. (d) State property from Union laws
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Right to property as legal right

Article 300A of the Indian Constitution, inserted by the 44th Constitutional Amendment Act of 1978, states: 'No person shall be deprived of his property save by authority of law.' This provision protects the right to property as a legal/constitutional right (though not a Fundamental Right after the 44th Amendment removed it from Part III). It means the government cannot arbitrarily take away a person's property without the sanction of law.
Option 1 is incorrect: The protection of Union property from State laws is dealt with under other provisions; Article 300A protects individual property rights.
Option 3 is incorrect: The right to carry on trade, business or profession is protected under Article 19(1)(g) of the Constitution.
Option 4 is incorrect: Protection of State property from Union laws is not the subject matter of Article 300A.
SSC Stenographer 2025 – 8 December 2025 Shift 1 · Fundamental Rights - general (Articles 12, 13)

Q47. Arrange the following Fundamental Rights in the order they are listed in the Indian Constitution:
1. Right to Constitutional Remedies
2. Right to Freedom
3. Right against Exploitation
4. Right to Equality

  1. (a) 1-2-3-4
  2. (b) 3-2-1-4
  3. (c) 4-1-3-2
  4. (d) 4-2-3-1
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) 4-2-3-1

In the Indian Constitution, Fundamental Rights are arranged in a specific order under Part III (Articles 12 to 35). The sequence is: ( i ) Right to Equality (Articles 14–18), (ii) Right to Freedom (Articles 19–22), (iii) Right against Exploitation (Articles 23–24), (iv) Right to Freedom of Religion, (v) Cultural and Educational Rights, and (vi) Right to Constitutional Remedies (Article 32). Therefore, among the given options, the correct arrangement is 4-2-3-1 . This order reflects how rights progress logically: first ensuring equality, then granting freedom, followed by protecting individuals from exploitation, and finally providing remedies if these rights are violated.
SSC Stenographer 2025 – 8 December 2025 Shift 2 · Fundamental Rights - general (Articles 12, 13)

Q48. Which part of the Indian Constitution is known as the “Magna Carta of India” and guarantees fundamental rights to the citizens?

  1. (a) Part IV
  2. (b) Part I
  3. (c) Part II
  4. (d) Part III
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) Part III

The correct answer is Part III of the Indian Constitution. It contains the provisions relating to Fundamental Rights (Articles 12 to 35) , which guarantee essential freedoms such as the right to equality, right to freedom, right against exploitation, right to freedom of religion, cultural and educational rights, and right to constitutional remedies. These rights are enforceable by the courts and act as a safeguard for individual liberty against state action. Because of their importance in protecting citizens’ freedoms, Part III is often called the “Magna Carta of India” , drawing an analogy to the Magna Carta of 1215 in England which limited the powers of the king and guaranteed rights to the people.
SSC Stenographer 2025 – 8 December 2025 Shift 3 · Fundamental Rights - general (Articles 12, 13)

Q49. Arrange the following Fundamental Rights in the order of their appearance in the Constitution:
1. Right to Freedom
2. Right to Equality
3. Right to Freedom of Religion
4. Right against Exploitation

  1. (a) 4-2-1-3
  2. (b) 2-4-1-3
  3. (c) 1-2-3-4
  4. (d) 2-1-4-3
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) 2-1-4-3

The correct order of the Fundamental Rights as arranged in the Constitution is: (2) Right to Equality (Articles 14–18) → (1) Right to Freedom (Articles 19–22) → (4) Right against Exploitation (Articles 23–24) → (3) Right to Freedom of Religion (Articles 25–28 ) .Thus , the correct sequence is 2-1-4-3 . This order reflects the structure in Part III of the Indian Constitution where equality comes first, followed by freedom, then protection from exploitation, and finally, freedom of religion.
SSC CHSL Tier-1 2025 – 30 November 2025 Shift 3 · Fundamental Rights - general (Articles 12, 13)

Q50. Which of the following statement is correct regarding the fundamental rights given in the Indian constitution?
I. Article 30 is related with Abolition of titles.
II. Article 22 is related with Prohibition of employment of children in factories, etc.

  1. (a) Only I
  2. (b) Only II
  3. (c) Both I and II
  4. (d) Neither I nor II
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) Neither I nor II

Correct Answer: Option 4 – Neither I nor II
Both statements are incorrect:
Statement I: Article 30 deals with the Right of minorities to establish and administer educational institutions — NOT abolition of titles. Abolition of titles is covered under Article 18.
Statement II: Article 22 deals with Protection against arrest and detention in certain cases — NOT prohibition of employment of children. Prohibition of employment of children in factories is covered under Article 24.
Since both statements are factually wrong, the correct answer is Neither I nor II.
SSC CHSL Tier-1 2025 – 27 November 2025 Shift 2 · Cultural and Educational Rights (Articles 29-30)

Q51. Which of the following article of the Indian Constitution is related with the right of minorities to establish and administer educational institutions?

  1. (a) Article 28
  2. (b) Article 24
  3. (c) Article 30
  4. (d) Article 29
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Article 30

Article 30 of the Indian Constitution guarantees the right of minorities (based on religion or language) to establish and administer educational institutions of their choice.
Article 28 prohibits religious instruction in state-funded educational institutions.
Article 24 prohibits employment of children below 14 years in factories and hazardous work.
Article 29 protects the cultural and educational rights of minorities by preventing compulsory imposition of any culture, but it does not specifically deal with the right to establish institutions.
SSC CHSL Tier-1 2025 – 25 November 2025 Shift 3 · Cultural and Educational Rights (Articles 29-30)

Q52. Which of the following article of Indian Constitution ensures the protection of minority interests?

  1. (a) Article 28
  2. (b) Article 24
  3. (c) Article 31
  4. (d) Article 29
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) Article 29

Article 29 of the Indian Constitution protects the interests of minorities. It states that any section of citizens having a distinct language, script, or culture has the right to conserve the same. It also protects against denial of admission to educational institutions on grounds of religion, race, caste, or language.
Article 28: Freedom from religious instruction in certain educational institutions; Article 24: Prohibition of child labour ; Article 31: Compulsory acquisition of property (repealed). Hence, Article 29 is correct.
SSC CHSL Tier-1 2025 – 24 November 2025 Shift 1 · Right to Constitutional Remedies (Article 32) and writs

Q53. Which of the following writ is issued by a higher court (High Court or Supreme Court) when a lower court has considered a case going beyond its jurisdiction?

  1. (a) Habeas corpus
  2. (b) Prohibition
  3. (c) certiorari
  4. (d) Quo-warranto
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Prohibition

Correct Answer: Prohibition (Option 2)
The writ of Prohibition is issued by a superior court (High Court or Supreme Court) to a subordinate/inferior court directing it to stop proceedings in a case that is beyond its jurisdiction or contrary to the law. It prevents the lower court from exceeding its jurisdiction.
Habeas corpus ('to have the body') is issued to release a person who has been unlawfully detained or imprisoned.
Certiorari is issued to quash the order/decision already passed by a lower court or tribunal that has exceeded its jurisdiction.
Quo-warranto ('by what authority') is issued to inquire into the legality of a person's claim to a public office.
SSC CGL Tier-1 2025 – 19 September 2025 Shift 3 · Right to Constitutional Remedies (Article 32) and writs

Q54. Which Article of the Constitution confers the right to constitutional remedies, and how is it linked to Fundamental Rights?

  1. (a) Article 32; it is called the "heart and soul" of the Constitution
  2. (b) Article 226; it is a protective mechanism for Directive Principles
  3. (c) Article 21; it deals with personal liberty only
  4. (d) Article 14; it ensures equality before law
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Article 32; it is called the "heart and soul" of the Constitution

Article 32 of the Constitution provides the right to constitutional remedies, allowing citizens to move the Supreme Court for the enforcement of Fundamental Rights.
Dr. B.R. Ambedkar called it the 'heart and soul' of the Constitution.
Hence Option 1 is correct.
SSC CGL Tier-1 2025 – 18 September 2025 Shift 2 · Right to Equality (Articles 14-18)

Q55. The concept of"Reasonable Classification"as a limitation to the Right to Equality (Article 14) was established in which case?

  1. (a) Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala
  2. (b) State of West Bengal v. Anwar Ali Sarkar
  3. (c) Maneka Gandhi v. Union of India
  4. (d) Golaknath Case v. State of Punjab & Anrs.
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) State of West Bengal v. Anwar Ali Sarkar

InState of West Bengal v. Anwar Ali Sarkar (1952), the Supreme Court laid down the doctrine of reasonable classification under Article 14.
Kesavananda Bharati dealt with the basic structure doctrine;
Maneka Gandhi with Article 21;
Golaknath with amendability of Fundamental Rights.
Hence the answer is option 2.
SSC CGL Tier-1 2025 – 16 September 2025 Shift 2 · Fundamental Rights - general (Articles 12, 13)

Q56. Fill in the Blank: Doctrine of Severability allows the _____ part of a law to be retained.

  1. (a) Repealed
  2. (b) Inconsistent
  3. (c) Valid
  4. (d) Unconstitutional
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Valid

• Constitutional Law - Doctrine of Severability:
• The Doctrine of Severability means that if part of a law is declared unconstitutional, the valid (constitutional) part can still be retained and enforced.
• The unconstitutional part is severed (removed) while the valid portion continues to operate.
• Answer: Valid (the valid part is retained)
SSC CGL Tier-1 2025 – 15 September 2025 Shift 3 · Right to Property and Article 300A

Q57. Which of the following was removed from the list of Fundamental Rights?

  1. (a) Right to Equality
  2. (b) Right to Property
  3. (c) Right to Freedom
  4. (d) Right against Exploitation
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Right to Property

• Originally, the Indian Constitution had 7 Fundamental Rights, which included the Right to Property (Article 19(1)(f) and Article 31).
• The 44th Constitutional Amendment Act, 1978 removed the Right to Property from Fundamental Rights.
• It was downgraded to a mere legal/constitutional right under Article 300A.
• Rights to Equality (Art. 14–18), Freedom (Art. 19–22), and against Exploitation (Art. 23–24) remain Fundamental Rights.
• Answer: Right to Property
SSC CGL Tier-1 2025 – 12 September 2025 Shift 1 · Right to Property and Article 300A

Q58. Which of the following most accurately describes the legal character of the right to property under Article 300A of the Indian Constitution?

  1. (a) It is a fundamental right that guarantees compensation for all property acquisitions.
  2. (b) It allows the State to deprive a person of property by any law, even without due process.
  3. (c) It is a constitutional legal right that permits deprivation only by authority of law.
  4. (d) It permits citizens to claim property protection under Article 32 before the Supreme Court.
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) It is a constitutional legal right that permits deprivation only by authority of law.

Article 300A states that no person shall be deprived of property save by authority of law.
It is a constitutional/legal right (not a fundamental right after the 44th Amendment).
Hence, the answer is option 3.
RRB NTPC UG CBT-1 2024-25 – 8 September 2025 Shift 1 · Right to Constitutional Remedies (Article 32) and writs

Q59. Under which Article does the Supreme Court of India exercise original jurisdiction in cases involving the violation of Fundamental Rights?

  1. (a) Article 131
  2. (b) Article 136
  3. (c) Article 226
  4. (d) Article 32
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) Article 32

RRB NTPC UG CBT-1 2024-25 – 3 September 2025 Shift 3 · Right to Property and Article 300A

Q60. Which Constitutional Amendment removed the Right to Property from the list of Fundamental Rights in India?

  1. (a) 73ʳᵈ Amendment Act, 1992
  2. (b) 42ⁿᵈ Amendment Act, 1976
  3. (c) 44ᵗʰ Amendment Act, 1978
  4. (d) 52ⁿᵈ Amendment Act, 1985
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) 44ᵗʰ Amendment Act, 1978

RRB NTPC UG CBT-1 2024-25 – 1 September 2025 Shift 2 · Right against Exploitation (Articles 23-24)

Q61. Which of the following Articles deals with the Right against Exploitation?

  1. (a) Articles 23–24
  2. (b) Articles 29–30
  3. (c) Articles 31–32
  4. (d) Articles 25–28
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Articles 23–24

SSC Selection Post 2025 (Phase XIII) – 29 August 2025 Shift 2 · Right to Constitutional Remedies (Article 32) and writs

Q62. Match the below 'writs' with their correct 'constitutional purpose':
Column A: Writs — Column B: Purpose
1. Habeas Corpus — (a) Direct a person to perform public duty
2. Mandamus — (b) To prevent unlawful detention
3. Certiorari — (c) Transfer of pending case
4. Quo Warranto — (d) To inquire into illegal occupation of office

  1. (a) 1-b, 2-a, 3-c, 4-d
  2. (b) 1-a, 2-b, 3-d, 4-c
  3. (c) 1-d, 2-c, 3-b, 4-a
  4. (d) 1-c, 2-a, 3-d, 4-b
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) 1-b, 2-a, 3-c, 4-d

Correct Answer: Option 1 – 1-b, 2-a, 3-c, 4-d
1. Habeas Corpus (b – To prevent unlawful detention): Latin for 'you shall have the body.' Issues to produce an arrested/detained person before the court to examine legality of detention. Protects against arbitrary or unlawful imprisonment.
2. Mandamus (a – Direct a person to perform public duty): Latin for 'we command.' Issues to a public official, body, or lower court directing them to perform a mandatory public duty they have failed or refused to perform.
3. Certiorari (c – Transfer of pending case): Latin for 'to be certified.' Issues to a lower court/tribunal to transfer a pending case to a higher court, or to quash an order already made beyond jurisdiction.
4. Quo Warranto (d – To inquire into illegal occupation of office): Latin for 'by what authority.' Issues to inquire into the authority by which a person holds a public office — used to remove a person illegally occupying a public position.
Correct: 1-b, 2-a, 3-c, 4-d = Option A.
RRB NTPC UG CBT-1 2024-25 – 29 August 2025 Shift 1 · Right to Freedom (Articles 19-22)

Q63. The Right to Protection in respect of conviction for offences (including protection from double jeopardy and self-incrimination) is covered under:

  1. (a) Article 23
  2. (b) Article 21
  3. (c) Article 20
  4. (d) Article 22
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Article 20

RRB NTPC UG CBT-1 2024-25 – 29 August 2025 Shift 3 · Right to Constitutional Remedies (Article 32) and writs

Q64. The Right to Constitutional Remedies, allowing individuals to move the Supreme Court directly for the enforcement of rights, is given under:

  1. (a) Article 30
  2. (b) Article 33
  3. (c) Article 31
  4. (d) Article 32
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) Article 32

RRB NTPC UG CBT-1 2024-25 – 28 August 2025 Shift 2 · Right to Property and Article 300A

Q65. Which Fundamental Right was removed from the Indian Constitution by the 44ᵗʰ Amendment Act, 1978?

  1. (a) Right to Equality
  2. (b) Right to Freedom
  3. (c) Right to Education
  4. (d) Right to Property
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) Right to Property

RRB NTPC UG CBT-1 2024-25 – 28 August 2025 Shift 2 · Right to Property and Article 300A

Q66. Which of the following statements about the Right to Property in India is correct?

  1. (a) It was completely abolished by the Forty-Second Amendment (1976).
  2. (b) It is no longer a fundamental right.
  3. (c) It is a fundamental right under Article 31 (now omitted).
  4. (d) It is a fundamental right under Article 32 of the Constitution.
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) It is no longer a fundamental right.

RRB NTPC UG CBT-1 2024-25 – 22 August 2025 Shift 1 · Right to Constitutional Remedies (Article 32) and writs

Q67. Which constitutional Articles ensure the writ jurisdiction of the Supreme Court and High Courts for enforcing fundamental rights, including RTI?

  1. (a) Articles 21 and 39
  2. (b) Articles 51 and 356
  3. (c) Articles 14 and 15
  4. (d) Articles 32 and 226
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) Articles 32 and 226

RRB NTPC UG CBT-1 2024-25 – 22 August 2025 Shift 2 · Right to Freedom (Articles 19-22)

Q68. Which Fundamental Right guarantees Freedom of Speech, Assembly and Movement?

  1. (a) Right to Freedom
  2. (b) Right to Equality
  3. (c) Right to Constitutional Remedies
  4. (d) Right to Cultural Rights
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Right to Freedom

RRB NTPC UG CBT-1 2024-25 – 20 August 2025 Shift 1 · Right to Equality (Articles 14-18)

Q69. Which of the following Fundamental Rights is guaranteed under Article 14 of the Indian Constitution?

  1. (a) Equality before the law
  2. (b) Protection of life and personal liberty
  3. (c) Right to freedom of religion
  4. (d) Prohibition of child labour
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Equality before the law

RRB NTPC UG CBT-1 2024-25 – 19 August 2025 Shift 1 · Right to Freedom of Religion (Articles 25-28)

Q70. Which of the following Fundamental Rights is guaranteed under Article 25 of the Indian Constitution?

  1. (a) Right to move the Supreme Court
  2. (b) Right against untouchability
  3. (c) Right to culture and language
  4. (d) Right to freedom of religion
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) Right to freedom of religion

RRB NTPC UG CBT-1 2024-25 – 14 August 2025 Shift 1 · Right to Freedom (Articles 19-22)

Q71. Which article of the Indian Constitution relates RTI to the fundamental right to freedom of speech and expression?

  1. (a) Article 19(1)(a)
  2. (b) Article 32
  3. (c) Article 21
  4. (d) Article 15(1)(b)
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Article 19(1)(a)

RRB NTPC UG CBT-1 2024-25 – 14 August 2025 Shift 2 · Right to Property and Article 300A

Q72. The 44ᵗʰ Amendment (1978) removed which of the following from the list of Fundamental Rights, converting it into a mere legal right under Article 300A?

  1. (a) Right to Constitutional Remedies
  2. (b) Right to Property
  3. (c) Right to Equality
  4. (d) Right to Education
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Right to Property

RRB NTPC UG CBT-1 2024-25 – 13 August 2025 Shift 2 · Right to Freedom (Articles 19-22)

Q73. What major change was made by the 86ᵗʰ Constitutional Amendment Act, 2002?

  1. (a) Bifurcated the SC/ST Commission
  2. (b) Abolished the Legislative Council
  3. (c) Declared education as a Fundamental Right
  4. (d) Increased the President’s term
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Declared education as a Fundamental Right

RRB NTPC UG CBT-1 2024-25 – 13 August 2025 Shift 3 · Right against Exploitation (Articles 23-24)

Q74. Which Fundamental Right protects citizens from being forced into labour or human trafficking?

  1. (a) Right against Exploitation
  2. (b) Right to Freedom
  3. (c) Right to Equality
  4. (d) Right to Constitutional Remedies
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Right against Exploitation

RRB NTPC UG CBT-1 2024-25 – 13 August 2025 Shift 3 · Right to Property and Article 300A

Q75. Which Article of the Constitution states, 'no person shall be deprived of his property save by authority of law'?

  1. (a) Article 368
  2. (b) Article 2
  3. (c) Article 111
  4. (d) Article 300A
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) Article 300A

RRB NTPC UG CBT-1 2024-25 – 12 August 2025 Shift 2 · Right to Property and Article 300A

Q76. The 25ᵗʰ Amendment curtailed the right to property by amending which Article of Indian Constitution?

  1. (a) Article 31
  2. (b) Article 12
  3. (c) Article 13
  4. (d) Article 33
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Article 31

RRB NTPC UG CBT-1 2024-25 – 8 August 2025 Shift 1 · Right to Freedom (Articles 19-22)

Q77. Article 19 of the Indian Constitution guarantees six freedoms. Which of the following is NOT one of them?

  1. (a) Freedom to form associations or unions
  2. (b) Freedom to move freely throughout the territory of India
  3. (c) Freedom of speech and expression
  4. (d) Freedom from arrest
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) Freedom from arrest

SSC Selection Post 2025 (Phase XIII) – 31 July 2025 Shift 3 · Articles 33-35 and suspension of Fundamental Rights

Q78. Consider the following statements:
1. Article 35 is included in Part IV of the Constitution.
2. It empowers State legislatures to create special laws for Jammu and Kashmir.
3. It vests Parliament with the power to make laws for enforcing Fundamental Rights.
Which of the statements is/are correct?

  1. (a) 2 only
  2. (b) 1 only
  3. (c) 3 only
  4. (d) 1, 2 and 3
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) 3 only

Correct Answer: Option 3 – 3 only
Statement 1 (FALSE): Article 35 is NOT in Part IV (Directive Principles of State Policy). It is located in Part III of the Constitution, which deals with Fundamental Rights (Articles 12–35). Article 35 is the last article of Part III.
Statement 2 (FALSE): Article 35 does NOT empower State legislatures regarding Jammu and Kashmir. Article 35 gives Parliament (not state legislatures) the exclusive power to make laws for certain Fundamental Rights provisions. [Note: Article 35A, which was a special provision relating to J&K under the Presidential Order 1954, was abrogated by the Constitution (Application to Jammu and Kashmir) Order, 2019 — but that is different from Article 35 itself.]
Statement 3 (TRUE): Article 35 vests Parliament with the exclusive power to make laws for prescribing punishment for acts declared unconstitutional under Articles 17 (abolition of untouchability), 23 (prohibition of traffic in human beings), and 24 (prohibition of child labour ), and also for enforcing certain Fundamental Rights. It ensures Parliament (not state legislatures) has jurisdiction over these specific areas.
SSC Selection Post 2025 (Phase XIII) – 28 July 2025 Shift 3 · Fundamental Rights - general (Articles 12, 13)

Q79. Which of the following Fundamental Rights are not available to foreigners in India?
1. Right against discrimination (Article 15)
2. Freedom of speech and expression (Article 19(1)(a))
3. Right to protection in respect of conviction (Article 20)
4. Right to life and personal liberty (Article 21)

  1. (a) 1 and 2 only
  2. (b) 2 and 3 only
  3. (c) 1 and 4 only
  4. (d) 1, 2 and 3 only
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) 1 and 2 only

Correct Answer: Option 1 – 1 and 2 only
Fundamental Rights are of two types: (a) Rights available to ALL PERSONS (including foreigners) — Articles 14, 20, 21, 21A, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28; (b) Rights available only to CITIZENS — Articles 15, 16, 19, 29, 30.
Article 15 (Right against discrimination): Available only to CITIZENS — foreigners CANNOT claim protection under Article 15.
Article 19 (Freedom of speech and expression): Available only to CITIZENS — foreigners do NOT have Article 19 rights in India.
Article 20 (Protection in respect of conviction): Available to ALL PERSONS including foreigners — foreigners CAN claim Article 20 protection.
Article 21 (Right to life and personal liberty): Available to ALL PERSONS including foreigners — foreigners CAN claim Article 21 protection.
Only Articles 15 and 19 (Options 1 and 2) are NOT available to foreigners.
SSC Selection Post 2025 (Phase XIII) – 26 July 2025 Shift 2 · Fundamental Rights - general (Articles 12, 13)

Q80. In which section of the Indian Constitution are Fundamental Rights outlined?

  1. (a) Part I
  2. (b) Part II
  3. (c) Part III
  4. (d) Part IV
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Part III

Correct Answer: Option 3 – Part III
Fundamental Rights are outlined in Part III (Articles 12–35) of the Indian Constitution. They include: Right to Equality (Articles 14–18), Right to Freedom (Articles 19–22), Right against Exploitation (Articles 23–24), Right to Freedom of Religion (Articles 25–28), Cultural and Educational Rights (Articles 29–30), and Right to Constitutional Remedies (Article 32). These rights are justiciable (enforceable by courts) and are core to Indian democracy.
Option 1 (Part I): Deals with the Union and its Territory (Articles 1–4); not Fundamental Rights.
Option 2 (Part II): Deals with Citizenship (Articles 5–11); not Fundamental Rights.
Option 4 (Part IV): Deals with Directive Principles of State Policy (Articles 36–51); these are non-justiciable guidelines for governance, not Fundamental Rights.
SSC Selection Post 2025 (Phase XIII) – 25 July 2025 Shift 1 · Cultural and Educational Rights (Articles 29-30)

Q81. Which constitutional article ensures the protection of the cultural and educational rights of minorities?

  1. (a) Article 29
  2. (b) Article 32
  3. (c) Article 15
  4. (d) Article 25
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Article 29

Correct Answer: Option 1 – Article 29
Article 29 of the Indian Constitution protects the cultural and educational rights of minorities. Article 29(1) states that any section of citizens with a distinct language, script, or culture has the right to conserve it. Article 29(2) prevents denial of admission to any educational institution maintained by the state on grounds only of religion, race, caste, language, or any of them. Article 30 further gives minorities the right to establish and administer educational institutions.
Option 2 (Article 32): Guarantees the right to constitutional remedies (right to approach the Supreme Court for enforcement of FRs); not minority cultural rights.
Option 3 (Article 15): Prohibits discrimination on grounds of religion, race, caste, sex, or place of birth; not specifically minority cultural/educational rights.
Option 4 (Article 25): Guarantees freedom of conscience and free profession, practice, and propagation of religion; not specifically cultural/educational rights of minorities.
SSC Selection Post 2025 (Phase XIII) – 24 July 2025 Shift 1 · Right to Equality (Articles 14-18)

Q82. Under which article of the Indian Constitution is the Right to Equality guaranteed?

  1. (a) Article 14 to Article 18
  2. (b) Article 19 to Article 22
  3. (c) Article 12 to Article 13
  4. (d) Article 21 to Article 23
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Article 14 to Article 18

Correct Answer: Option 1 – Article 14 to Article 18
The Right to Equality is guaranteed under Articles 14 to 18 of the Indian Constitution: Article 14 (Equality before law), Article 15 (Prohibition of discrimination on grounds of religion, race, caste, sex, or place of birth), Article 16 (Equality of opportunity in public employment), Article 17 (Abolition of untouchability), Article 18 (Abolition of titles).
Option 2 (Articles 19–22): These cover the Right to Freedom (freedom of speech, assembly, movement, profession, etc.).
Option 3 (Articles 12–13): Article 12 defines 'State' and Article 13 deals with laws inconsistent with Fundamental Rights — these are definitional/general provisions, not the Right to Equality itself.
Option 4 (Articles 21–23): Article 21 (Right to Life), Article 22 (Protection against arrest), Article 23 (Prohibition of forced labour ) — these are under Right to Freedom and Right against Exploitation.
SSC Selection Post 2025 (Phase XIII) – 24 July 2025 Shift 2 · Right to Equality (Articles 14-18)

Q83. Which article of the Constitution abolishes 'Untouchability'?

  1. (a) Article 14
  2. (b) Article 17
  3. (c) Article 19
  4. (d) Article 21
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Article 17

Correct Answer: Option 2 – Article 17
Article 17 of the Indian Constitution abolishes Untouchability and makes its practice in any form a punishable offence. It states: 'Untouchability is abolished and its practice in any form is forbidden. The enforcement of any disability arising out of Untouchability shall be an offence punishable in accordance with law.' This is further enforced by the Protection of Civil Rights Act, 1955.
Option 1 (Article 14): Guarantees equality before law and equal protection of laws.
Option 3 (Article 19): Guarantees six fundamental freedoms (speech, assembly, movement, etc.).
Option 4 (Article 21): Guarantees protection of life and personal liberty.
SSC Selection Post 2025 (Phase XIII) – 24 July 2025 Shift 2 · Right to Equality (Articles 14-18)

Q84. Which Article of the Indian Constitution guarantees equality before the law and equal protection of the laws?

  1. (a) Article 14
  2. (b) Article 19
  3. (c) Article 21
  4. (d) Article 32
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Article 14

Correct Answer: Option 1 – Article 14
Article 14 of the Indian Constitution states: 'The State shall not deny to any person equality before the law or the equal protection of the laws within the territory of India.' It embodies two concepts: (1) Equality before law (negative concept — no special privileges), borrowed from British law; (2) Equal protection of laws (positive concept — equal treatment in equal circumstances), borrowed from the US Constitution.
Option 2 (Article 19): Guarantees six fundamental freedoms including free speech, assembly, movement, and right to practise any profession.
Option 3 (Article 21): Guarantees the right to life and personal liberty — 'No person shall be deprived of his life or personal liberty except according to procedure established by law.'
Option 4 (Article 32): Grants the right to constitutional remedies — the right to approach the Supreme Court for enforcement of Fundamental Rights (Dr. Ambedkar called it the 'heart and soul' of the Constitution).
RRB NTPC GL CBT-1 2024-25 – 23 June 2025 Shift 3 · Right to Constitutional Remedies (Article 32) and writs

Q85. How many writs mentioned in the Constitution of India enforce Fundamental Rights?

  1. (a) Seven Writs
  2. (b) Five Writs
  3. (c) Six Writs
  4. (d) Four Writs
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Five Writs

RRB NTPC GL CBT-1 2024-25 – 23 June 2025 Shift 1 · Right to Freedom of Religion (Articles 25-28)

Q86. Which Article of the Constitution of India provides a right to profess, practice and propagate religion?

  1. (a) Article 26
  2. (b) Article 23
  3. (c) Article 25
  4. (d) Article 24
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Article 25

RRB NTPC GL CBT-1 2024-25 – 23 June 2025 Shift 3 · Right to Constitutional Remedies (Article 32) and writs

Q87. Which of the following writs protects the right to life and personal liberty mentioned in the Constitution of India?

  1. (a) Prohibition
  2. (b) Habeas Corpus
  3. (c) Certiorari
  4. (d) Mandamus
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Habeas Corpus

RRB NTPC GL CBT-1 2024-25 – 21 June 2025 Shift 2 · Right to Property and Article 300A

Q88. In which year was the Right to Property removed from the Fundamental Rights of the Constitution of India?

  1. (a) 1976
  2. (b) 1986
  3. (c) 1952
  4. (d) 1978
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) 1978

RRB NTPC GL CBT-1 2024-25 – 21 June 2025 Shift 2 · Fundamental Rights - general (Articles 12, 13)

Q89. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT about the Fundamental Rights of the Indian Constitution?

  1. (a) These are absolute.
  2. (b) These are subject to reasonable restriction.
  3. (c) These may be enforced by the courts.
  4. (d) Cultural and educational rights are fundamental rights.
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) These are absolute.

RRB NTPC GL CBT-1 2024-25 – 20 June 2025 Shift 2 · Right to Constitutional Remedies (Article 32) and writs

Q90. Which of the following statements about the Supreme Court’s writ jurisdiction is correct?

  1. (a) It can only be invoked for enforcement of Fundamental Rights.
  2. (b) It allows the Court to issue writs only against the Central Government.
  3. (c) It extends to both Fundamental Rights and other legal rights.
  4. (d) It is exclusive and cannot be exercised by the High Courts.
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) It can only be invoked for enforcement of Fundamental Rights.

RRB NTPC GL CBT-1 2024-25 – 18 June 2025 Shift 1 · Right to Freedom (Articles 19-22)

Q91. Which Fundamental Right was subjected to additional restrictions by the First Amendment Act of 1951?

  1. (a) Right to Equality
  2. (b) Right to Freedom of Speech and Expression
  3. (c) Right to Freedom of Religion
  4. (d) Right to Constitutional Remedies
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Right to Freedom of Speech and Expression

RRB NTPC GL CBT-1 2024-25 – 17 June 2025 Shift 1 · Cultural and Educational Rights (Articles 29-30)

Q92. Which Article of the Constitution of India permits minorities based on language to establish educational institutes?

  1. (a) Article 29
  2. (b) Article 32
  3. (c) Article 28
  4. (d) Article 30
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) Article 30

RRB NTPC GL CBT-1 2024-25 – 17 June 2025 Shift 3 · Right to Property and Article 300A

Q93. Which Indian Constitutional Amendment Act have decreased the Fundamental Rights from seven to six?

  1. (a) 76ᵗʰ Constitutional Amendment Act
  2. (b) 44ᵗʰ Constitutional Amendment Act
  3. (c) 42ⁿᵈ Constitutional Amendment Act
  4. (d) 35ᵗʰ Constitutional Amendment Act
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) 44ᵗʰ Constitutional Amendment Act

RRB NTPC GL CBT-1 2024-25 – 16 June 2025 Shift 1 · Right to Freedom (Articles 19-22)

Q94. Which Fundamental Right was introduced by the 86ᵗʰ Constitutional Amendment Act of 2002 specifically for children?

  1. (a) Right to vote
  2. (b) Right to free electricity
  3. (c) Right to travel abroad
  4. (d) Right of children to free and compulsory education
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) Right of children to free and compulsory education

RRB NTPC GL CBT-1 2024-25 – 14 June 2025 Shift 1 · Right to Freedom (Articles 19-22)

Q95. Which Constitutional Amendment recognised the right to form cooperative societies as a part of Fundamental Rights?

  1. (a) 99ᵗʰ Amendment Act
  2. (b) 93ʳᵈ Amendment Act
  3. (c) 97ᵗʰ Amendment Act
  4. (d) 11ᵗʰ Amendment Act
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) 97ᵗʰ Amendment Act

RRB NTPC GL CBT-1 2024-25 – 12 June 2025 Shift 1 · Right to Equality (Articles 14-18)

Q96. Which Article of the Constitution of India prohibits the State from discriminating against the use of wells, tanks and places of public entertainment?

  1. (a) Article 18
  2. (b) Article 15
  3. (c) Article 17
  4. (d) Article 16
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Article 15

RRB NTPC GL CBT-1 2024-25 – 12 June 2025 Shift 2 · Right against Exploitation (Articles 23-24)

Q97. Which Article of the Constitution of India prevents any child below the age of 14 years from being employed in the factory, mine or hazardous occupation?

  1. (a) Article 19
  2. (b) Article 23
  3. (c) Article 21
  4. (d) Article 24
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) Article 24

RRB NTPC GL CBT-1 2024-25 – 10 June 2025 Shift 1 · Right against Exploitation (Articles 23-24)

Q98. Which of the following Articles of the Constitution of India prohibits human trafficking?

  1. (a) Article 24
  2. (b) Article 21
  3. (c) Article 19
  4. (d) Article 23
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) Article 23

RRB NTPC GL CBT-1 2024-25 – 10 June 2025 Shift 3 · Right to Equality (Articles 14-18)

Q99. Which Article of the Constitution of India prohibits Indian citizens from accepting any title from a foreign state?

  1. (a) Article 16
  2. (b) Article 18
  3. (c) Article 15
  4. (d) Article 17
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Article 18

RRB NTPC GL CBT-1 2024-25 – 6 June 2025 Shift 1 · Right to Property and Article 300A

Q100. Article 31B was introduced to protect which type of laws from court challenges?

  1. (a) Land reform laws
  2. (b) Language laws
  3. (c) Environmental laws
  4. (d) Taxation laws
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Land reform laws

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