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Industry and Infrastructure PYQs – Economics, SSC & Railway

350 Industry and Infrastructure (Economics) questions asked in recent SSC and Railway exams, newest first, with exam, date & shift, answers and solutions – page 4 of 4.

📚 350 questionsSSC 218 · Railway 132
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RRB NTPC UG CBT-1 2024-25 – 11 August 2025 Shift 3 · Industrial Policy Resolutions (1948, 1956, 1991)

Q301. The term 'License Raj' is related to which sector of the Indian economy?

  1. (a) Industry
  2. (b) Services
  3. (c) Foreign Trade
  4. (d) Agriculture
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Industry

RRB NTPC UG CBT-1 2024-25 – 11 August 2025 Shift 3 · Disinvestment

Q302. What does privatisation mean in the Indian economic context?

  1. (a) Selling government companies to private companies
  2. (b) Making all jobs government-based
  3. (c) Nationalising all banks
  4. (d) Giving more subsidies to farmers
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Selling government companies to private companies

RRB NTPC UG CBT-1 2024-25 – 8 August 2025 Shift 2 · Infrastructure sectors

Q303. Which of the following is an example of soft infrastructure?

  1. (a) Public education
  2. (b) Water pipelines
  3. (c) Bridges
  4. (d) Airports
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Public education

RRB NTPC UG CBT-1 2024-25 – 8 August 2025 Shift 2 · Disinvestment

Q304. Privatisation aims to improve _____ in public enterprises.

  1. (a) political influence
  2. (b) operational efficiency and competitiveness
  3. (c) government expenditure
  4. (d) bureaucratic control
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) operational efficiency and competitiveness

RRB NTPC UG CBT-1 2024-25 – 7 August 2025 Shift 3 · Disinvestment

Q305. In post 1991 reforms, the term 'disinvestment' refers to:

  1. (a) increasing taxes
  2. (b) reducing foreign trade
  3. (c) selling government's share in public sector companies
  4. (d) reducing agricultural subsidies
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) selling government's share in public sector companies

SSC Selection Post 2025 (Phase XIII) – 2 August 2025 Shift 1 · LPG reforms of 1991

Q306. What was the primary reason for introducing economic reforms in India in 1991?

  1. (a) High GDP growth
  2. (b) Balance of payments crisis
  3. (c) Overpopulation
  4. (d) Agricultural stagnation
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Balance of payments crisis

Correct Answer: Option 2 – Balance of payments crisis
In 1991, India faced a severe Balance of Payments (BoP) crisis – foreign exchange reserves fell to just about 2–3 weeks' worth of imports. India was forced to pledge its gold reserves as collateral for an IMF loan. This crisis, combined with a rising fiscal deficit and high inflation, compelled the government (under PM P.V. Narasimha Rao and Finance Minister Dr. Manmohan Singh) to introduce landmark economic liberalization, privatization, and globalization (LPG) reforms.
Option 1 (High GDP growth): India was actually facing low growth and a fiscal crisis, not high growth.
Option 3 (Overpopulation): Not the direct trigger for the 1991 reforms.
Option 4 (Agricultural stagnation): Not the immediate cause; the reforms were triggered by the BoP crisis.
SSC Selection Post 2025 (Phase XIII) – 2 August 2025 Shift 2 · LPG reforms of 1991

Q307. Which of the following was a key feature of India's trade policy reforms in 1991 period?

  1. (a) Imposing new quantitative restrictions on essential imports
  2. (b) Expanding import licensing to control foreign trade
  3. (c) Introducing quotas to limit agricultural exports
  4. (d) Removal of licensing procedures for imports
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) Removal of licensing procedures for imports

Correct Answer: Option 4 – Removal of licensing procedures for imports
A key feature of India's 1991 economic liberalization was the removal/simplification of import licensing (dismantling the 'License Raj'). Quantitative restrictions were phased out, tariffs were reduced, and trade was opened up to promote integration with the global economy.
Option 1 (Imposing new quantitative restrictions): Incorrect; the 1991 reforms moved AWAY from restrictions.
Option 2 (Expanding import licensing): Incorrect; licensing was REDUCED, not expanded.
Option 3 (Introducing quotas to limit agricultural exports): Incorrect; the direction of reform was towards liberalization, not more controls.
SSC Selection Post 2025 (Phase XIII) – 2 August 2025 Shift 3 · Make in India, Startup India and PLI

Q308. Who launched the National Single Window System for investors and businesses in India?

  1. (a) Dr. Jitendra Singh
  2. (b) Piyush Goyal
  3. (c) Amit Shah
  4. (d) FM Sitharaman
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Piyush Goyal

Correct Answer: Option 2 – Piyush Goyal
The National Single Window System (NSWS) for investors and businesses was launched by Piyush Goyal (then Union Minister for Commerce and Industry) in 2021. The NSWS provides a unified platform for investors to obtain approvals and clearances from multiple central and state government departments, simplifying the ease of doing business in India.
Option 1 (Dr. Jitendra Singh): Minister of State (PMO/Science & Technology); not associated with the NSWS launch.
Option 3 (Amit Shah): Home Minister; not associated with the NSWS launch.
Option 4 (FM Sitharaman): Finance Minister; while she announced reforms in budgets, the NSWS was specifically launched by Piyush Goyal.
SSC Selection Post 2025 (Phase XIII) – 2 August 2025 Shift 3 · LPG reforms of 1991

Q309. Which of the following is a structural reform under the 1991 policy?

  1. (a) Devaluation of rupee
  2. (b) Cut in subsidies
  3. (c) Privatization of public sector units
  4. (d) Export duty imposition
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Privatization of public sector units

Correct Answer: Option 3 – Privatization of public sector units
The 1991 economic reforms in India had two components: (a) Stabilization measures (short-term fixes) and (b) Structural reforms (long-term systemic changes). Privatization (disinvestment) of public sector units is a structural reform as it changes the fundamental ownership structure of the economy.
Option 1 (Devaluation of rupee): This was a stabilization/balance of payments measure undertaken in July 1991 to improve export competitiveness and correct the current account deficit — not a structural reform.
Option 2 (Cut in subsidies): A fiscal stabilization measure to reduce the fiscal deficit — not a structural reform.
Option 4 (Export duty imposition): Contrary to the 1991 reforms, which actually REDUCED export duties to promote exports. Imposing new export duties would be anti-reform.
SSC Selection Post 2025 (Phase XIII) – 31 July 2025 Shift 2 · LPG reforms of 1991

Q310. Which institution played a key role in India's economic reforms by providing loans and policy guidance?

  1. (a) World Bank + IMF
  2. (b) SAARC + WTO
  3. (c) BRICS Bank + ADB
  4. (d) UNDP + UNESCO
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) World Bank + IMF

Correct Answer: Option 1 – World Bank + IMF
During India's landmark economic reforms of 1991, the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund (IMF) played pivotal roles. Context: India faced a severe balance of payments crisis in 1991 (foreign exchange reserves down to only 3 weeks of imports). The IMF provided emergency loans (Special Drawing Rights) to India on condition of structural adjustment and economic liberalisation . The World Bank provided Structural Adjustment Loans and policy guidance supporting LPG ( Liberalisation , Privatisation , Globalisation ) reforms. Finance Minister Manmohan Singh and PM Narasimha Rao implemented these IMF/World Bank-conditioned reforms.
Option 2 (SAARC + WTO): SAARC is a regional political forum; WTO governs international trade rules — neither provides emergency loans or played the same reform- catalysing role as the IMF/World Bank in 1991.
Option 3 (BRICS Bank + ADB): The BRICS New Development Bank was established only in 2015 — decades after the 1991 reforms. ADB (Asian Development Bank) plays a role but was not the primary institution for the 1991 reforms.
Option 4 (UNDP + UNESCO): These are UN agencies focused on development programs and education/culture — not financial crisis management.
SSC Selection Post 2025 (Phase XIII) – 29 July 2025 Shift 3 · Competition Commission of India

Q311. The Monopolies and Restrictive Trade Practices (MRTP) Act was introduced during the ________ Five-Year Plan period.

  1. (a) First
  2. (b) Third
  3. (c) Fourth
  4. (d) Seventh
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Fourth

Correct Answer: Option 3 – Fourth
The Monopolies and Restrictive Trade Practices (MRTP) Act was enacted in 1969, which falls during the Fourth Five-Year Plan period (1969–1974). The MRTP Act was based on the recommendations of the Monopolies Inquiry Commission (MIC, 1964) chaired by Justice K.C. Das Gupta, and the Industrial Licensing Policy Inquiry Committee (Dutt Committee, 1969). The Act aimed to prevent concentration of economic power in private hands (monopolies and oligopolies), prohibit restrictive trade practices (cartels, price-fixing), and control mergers and acquisitions that reduce competition. It was later replaced by the Competition Act, 2002.
Option 1 (First): First Five-Year Plan (1951–56) focused on agriculture and rehabilitation; MRTP Act did not exist then.
Option 2 (Third): Third Five-Year Plan (1961–66) focused on heavy industries; the Monopolies Inquiry Commission was set up in 1964 but the Act was passed in 1969.
Option 4 (Seventh): Seventh Five-Year Plan (1985–90) was the era of liberalisation beginnings; MRTP Act had been in force since 1969.
SSC Selection Post 2025 (Phase XIII) – 28 July 2025 Shift 3 · LPG reforms of 1991

Q312. Which of the following is NOT a liberalization measure?

  1. (a) Deregulation of industries
  2. (b) Privatization of PSUs
  3. (c) Simplification of tax structures
  4. (d) Removal of import licensing
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Privatization of PSUs

Correct Answer: Option 2 – Privatization of PSUs
Liberalization refers to the relaxation of government restrictions on economic activity to allow greater free market operation. Privatization (transfer of ownership of Public Sector Undertakings from government to private sector) is a measure of PRIVATIZATION, not liberalization per se — it is one of the three pillars of the 1991 LPG reforms (Liberalization, Privatization, Globalization), but is classified as a privatization measure distinct from liberalization.
Option 1 (Deregulation of industries): A direct liberalization measure — removing licensing requirements (Industrial Licensing Policy 1991) to allow free entry and exit.
Option 3 (Simplification of tax structures): Reducing tax rates and simplifying compliance (GST, direct tax reforms) is a liberalization measure facilitating ease of business.
Option 4 (Removal of import licensing): Abolishing import licenses (QR restrictions) is a trade liberalization measure — part of globalization/liberalization reforms.
SSC Selection Post 2025 (Phase XIII) – 26 July 2025 Shift 3 · LPG reforms of 1991

Q313. What is a modern trend regarding business licenses?

  1. (a) Increasing the amount of time it takes to get them.
  2. (b) Removing them altogether.
  3. (c) Making them easier to obtain.
  4. (d) Making them impossible to obtain.
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Making them easier to obtain.

Correct Answer: Option 3 – Making them easier to obtain
A key modern trend globally and in India is simplifying and expediting business licensing under 'Ease of Doing Business' reforms. India's initiatives include single-window clearances, online applications, self-certification, automatic renewals, and removal of obsolete licenses. The World Bank's Ease of Doing Business Index pushed countries toward licensing reforms. India improved significantly in global rankings by streamlining processes.
Option 1 (Increasing time): The opposite — modern reforms aim to cut processing time.
Option 2 (Removing altogether): While some redundant licenses are abolished, necessary ones (safety, health, regulatory) are simplified, not removed entirely.
Option 4 (Making impossible): Directly contrary to modern reform trends worldwide.
SSC Selection Post 2025 (Phase XIII) – 25 July 2025 Shift 2 · MSME sector

Q314. What was the key reason behind the ' Siricilla Tragedy' involving powerloom workers in Andhra Pradesh?

  1. (a) Migration of textile workers to urban areas
  2. (b) Lack of export opportunities for handloom products
  3. (c) Power tariff hikes and power cuts that reduced worker wages
  4. (d) Competition from Chinese textile imports
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Power tariff hikes and power cuts that reduced worker wages

Correct Answer: Option 3 – Power tariff hikes and power cuts that reduced worker wages
The ' Siricilla Tragedy' refers to a wave of suicides by powerloom workers in Siricilla (in present-day Telangana, then Andhra Pradesh) in the late 1990s and early 2000s. The primary cause was severe power tariff hikes and frequent power cuts imposed by the government, which drastically reduced the working hours and consequently the wages of powerloom workers who were paid by the amount of cloth woven. Unable to meet daily expenses and repay debts, dozens of workers died by suicide.
Option 1 (Migration to urban areas): Not the cause; the workers were already in Siricilla and did not migrate.
Option 2 (Lack of export opportunities): Not the primary cited cause; the crisis was due to power supply issues affecting production.
Option 4 (Chinese competition): While Chinese textile imports affected the broader Indian textile sector, the specific Siricilla tragedy was directly linked to the local power crisis.
SSC Selection Post 2025 (Phase XIII) – 25 July 2025 Shift 3 · LPG reforms of 1991

Q315. What is a modern trend regarding business licenses?

  1. (a) Increasing the amount of time it takes to get them.
  2. (b) Removing them altogether.
  3. (c) Making them easier to obtain.
  4. (d) Making them impossible to obtain.
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Making them easier to obtain.

Correct Answer: Option 3 – Making them easier to obtain
A key modern trend globally and in India is the simplification and ease of business licensing as part of the 'Ease of Doing Business' initiative. India's reforms include single-window clearances, online applications, automatic license renewals, self-certification, and removal of unnecessary licenses. The World Bank's Ease of Doing Business Index and India's Business Reform Action Plan have both pushed for making licenses easier and faster to obtain, reducing regulatory burden on businesses.
Option 1 (Increasing time): The opposite of the modern trend; governments aim to reduce processing time.
Option 2 (Removing altogether): While some obsolete licenses are abolished, licenses for safety, health, and regulated sectors remain necessary; the trend is simplification, not wholesale removal.
Option 4 (Making impossible): Contrary to modern reform trends; the entire push is toward ease, not obstruction.
RRB NTPC GL CBT-1 2024-25 – 24 June 2025 Shift 2 · Make in India, Startup India and PLI

Q316. In 2024, which state was selected for the establishment of India’s first commercial semiconductor fabrication plant under the India Semiconductor Mission?

  1. (a) Uttar Pradesh
  2. (b) Maharashtra
  3. (c) Tamil Nadu
  4. (d) Gujarat
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) Gujarat

RRB NTPC GL CBT-1 2024-25 – 23 June 2025 Shift 1 · LPG reforms of 1991

Q317. Which of the following is/are correct with respect to the outcomes of globalisation in the Indian economy?
1. The opening of the economy has led to a rapid decrease in foreign direct investment and foreign exchange reserves.
2. The post-1991 India witnessed a steep decline in its GDP on a continual basis for two decades.
3. The growth of GDP increased from 5.6% during 1980-91 to 8.2% during 2007-12.

  1. (a) Only 2
  2. (b) Only 3
  3. (c) Only 1 and 2
  4. (d) Only 1 and 3
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Only 3

RRB NTPC GL CBT-1 2024-25 – 23 June 2025 Shift 1 · Make in India, Startup India and PLI

Q318. Start-up culture has grown rapidly in India after the liberalisation. Which ministry leads the implementation of the Start-up India initiative?

  1. (a) Ministry of Skill Development
  2. (b) Ministry of MSME
  3. (c) Ministry of Finance
  4. (d) Ministry of Commerce and Industry
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) Ministry of Commerce and Industry

RRB NTPC GL CBT-1 2024-25 – 21 June 2025 Shift 2 · Make in India, Startup India and PLI

Q319. In which year did the government of India launch the Aatma Nirbhar Bharat Campaign?

  1. (a) 2020
  2. (b) 2022
  3. (c) 2019
  4. (d) 2021
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) 2020

RRB NTPC GL CBT-1 2024-25 – 21 June 2025 Shift 3 · LPG reforms of 1991

Q320. Which of the following is/are correct regarding the agricultural sector post the reform period of 1991?1. Quantitative restrictions on imports of agricultural products to India were fully removed from April 2001.2. There was a huge increase in the import duties on agricultural products to India after 1991.3. Due to the export-oriented policy after 1991, there was a shift from production for the domestic market towards production for the export market, with more focus on cash crops than food grains.

  1. (a) Only 2 and 3
  2. (b) Only 1
  3. (c) Only 1 and 2
  4. (d) Only 1 and 3
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) Only 1 and 3

RRB NTPC GL CBT-1 2024-25 – 21 June 2025 Shift 2 · Disinvestment

Q321. Disinvestment was adopted as a tool for privatisation in India. Which of the following options best defines disinvestment?

  1. (a) Increase in public borrowing
  2. (b) Selling government stakes in public sector enterprises
  3. (c) Sale of public assets to foreign governments
  4. (d) Purchase of private companies by the government
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Selling government stakes in public sector enterprises

RRB NTPC GL CBT-1 2024-25 – 21 June 2025 Shift 2 · Classification of industries (size, ownership, raw material)

Q322. Which of the following is a mineral-based industry that uses ore or other minerals as raw materials?

  1. (a) Textile
  2. (b) Iron and steel
  3. (c) Sugar
  4. (d) Rubber
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Iron and steel

RRB NTPC GL CBT-1 2024-25 – 20 June 2025 Shift 1 · Infrastructure sectors

Q323. What was the rate of increase in capital expenditure by the central government on major infrastructure sectors from 2019-20 to 2023-24?

  1. (a) 30%
  2. (b) 35%
  3. (c) 25%
  4. (d) 39%
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) 39%

RRB NTPC GL CBT-1 2024-25 – 20 June 2025 Shift 3 · Disinvestment

Q324. Privatisation involves transferring the ownership of enterprises from the public to the private sector. What is the primary goal of privatisation?

  1. (a) Enhance public employment
  2. (b) Increase monopoly power
  3. (c) Improve efficiency and reduce government burden
  4. (d) Increase fiscal deficit
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Improve efficiency and reduce government burden

RRB NTPC GL CBT-1 2024-25 – 19 June 2025 Shift 1 · LPG reforms of 1991

Q325. India initiated structural reforms in 1991 to address a severe balance of payments crisis. Which global institution played a key role in supporting India’s 1991 reforms?
.

  1. (a) International Monetary Fund
  2. (b) World Health Organization
  3. (c) United Nations
  4. (d) World Trade Organization
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) International Monetary Fund

RRB NTPC GL CBT-1 2024-25 – 19 June 2025 Shift 1 · LPG reforms of 1991

Q326. Which of the following statements is NOT correct regarding India after its adoption of new economic reforms in 1991?

  1. (a) After the economic reforms, the growth of agriculture sector declined in the country.
  2. (b) The 1991 reforms have caused a huge increase in public investment in the agriculture sector and increased its share in India’s GDP.
  3. (c) Liberalisation of trade and investment regime was initiated in India post 1991 to increase international competitiveness of industrial production.
  4. (d) The industrial sector does not show an enormous increase in the GDP contribution of India post 1991.
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) The 1991 reforms have caused a huge increase in public investment in the agriculture sector and increased its share in India’s GDP.

RRB NTPC GL CBT-1 2024-25 – 19 June 2025 Shift 3 · Disinvestment

Q327. Privatisation can be partial, involving minority shareholding by the private sector. What is the government's shareholding threshold in a PSU for it to be considered privatised?

  1. (a) 75%
  2. (b) More than 50%
  3. (c) 51%
  4. (d) Less than 51%
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) Less than 51%

RRB NTPC GL CBT-1 2024-25 – 18 June 2025 Shift 1 · Public sector undertakings (Maharatna, Navratna, Miniratna)

Q328. By the 1970s, Public Sector Units (PSUs) had become dominant in the Indian industry. What criticism did they frequently face?

  1. (a) Operational inefficiencies, low productivity, and financial losses
  2. (b) Over-reliance on export markets for revenue
  3. (c) Excessive foreign ownership and capital outflow
  4. (d) High competition from private multinational corporations
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Operational inefficiencies, low productivity, and financial losses

RRB NTPC GL CBT-1 2024-25 – 18 June 2025 Shift 3 · Disinvestment

Q329. Privatisation was a key pillar of the New Economic Policy of 1991. Which of the following is NOT a form of privatisation?

  1. (a) Strategic sale
  2. (b) Disinvestment
  3. (c) Asset monetisation
  4. (d) Sovereign borrowing
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) Sovereign borrowing

RRB NTPC GL CBT-1 2024-25 – 18 June 2025 Shift 2 · Make in India, Startup India and PLI

Q330. In which year was 'Make in India' launched by the Government of India to facilitate investment, foster innovation, enhance skill development, protect intellectual property, and build best in class manufacturing infrastructure in India?

  1. (a) 2015
  2. (b) 2019
  3. (c) 2014
  4. (d) 2016
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) 2014

RRB NTPC GL CBT-1 2024-25 – 18 June 2025 Shift 3 · Infrastructure sectors

Q331. India's telecom revolution is a major outcome of liberalisation. Which regulatory authority was established in 1997 to oversee the telecom sector?

  1. (a) SEBI
  2. (b) TRAI
  3. (c) NABARD
  4. (d) IRDAI
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) TRAI

RRB NTPC GL CBT-1 2024-25 – 17 June 2025 Shift 2 · Infrastructure sectors

Q332. According to CRISIL’s Infrastructure Yearbook 2023, what is the total projected infrastructure spending in India over the next seven years?

  1. (a) ₹160 lakh crore
  2. (b) ₹143 lakh crore
  3. (c) ₹110 lakh crore
  4. (d) ₹95 lakh crore
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) ₹143 lakh crore

RRB NTPC GL CBT-1 2024-25 – 17 June 2025 Shift 3 · LPG reforms of 1991

Q333. The BPO industry emerged due to globalisation. What is a key feature of Business Process Outsourcing (BPO)?

  1. (a) Manufacturing heavy goods
  2. (b) Government ownership
  3. (c) Providing services to foreign companies from India
  4. (d) Domestic services only
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Providing services to foreign companies from India

RRB NTPC GL CBT-1 2024-25 – 17 June 2025 Shift 3 · LPG reforms of 1991

Q334. The 1991 reforms promoted deregulation of industries. Which industry continued to be reserved for public sector post-1991 reforms?

  1. (a) Electronics
  2. (b) Atomic energy
  3. (c) Automobiles
  4. (d) Textile
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Atomic energy

RRB NTPC GL CBT-1 2024-25 – 17 June 2025 Shift 1 · MSME sector

Q335. Trade Receivables Discounting System (TReDS) is an electronic platform for facilitating the financing/discounting of trade receivables of which sector?

  1. (a) Software business
  2. (b) Exporting business
  3. (c) Pharmaceutical sector
  4. (d) MSME sector
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) MSME sector

RRB NTPC GL CBT-1 2024-25 – 17 June 2025 Shift 3 · MSME sector

Q336. Which of the following categories of MSMEs constitutes the major share of MSME registration on the Udyam Registration Portal?

  1. (a) Micro
  2. (b) Large
  3. (c) Medium
  4. (d) Small
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Micro

RRB NTPC GL CBT-1 2024-25 – 14 June 2025 Shift 2 · LPG reforms of 1991

Q337. Globalisation refers to the integration of economies worldwide. Which of the following was a major globalisation strategy adopted by the Indian government in 1991?

  1. (a) Reducing trade barriers and encouraging foreign investment
  2. (b) Promoting import substitution industrialisation
  3. (c) Imposing high export tariffs
  4. (d) Imposing high import tariffs
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Reducing trade barriers and encouraging foreign investment

RRB NTPC GL CBT-1 2024-25 – 13 June 2025 Shift 2 · Industrial productivity and growth performance

Q338. Which of the following statements regarding the Industrial Sector in India is/are correct?1. According to National Manufacturing Policy 2011, every job created in the manufacturing sector creates two-three additional jobs in related activities.2. Industries add value to the existing goods and also to the skill of labour employed in it; therefore, this sector is also considered a transformational sector.3. As industries employ a large part of the population, industrial development is one of the preconditions for the eradication of unemployment and poverty from our country.

  1. (a) 1, 2 and 3
  2. (b) Only 2 and 3
  3. (c) Only 1 and 2
  4. (d) Only 3
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) 1, 2 and 3

RRB NTPC GL CBT-1 2024-25 – 13 June 2025 Shift 3 · LPG reforms of 1991

Q339. Which of the following statements regarding the Industrial Sector in India post the launch of the New Economic Policy in 1991 is/are NOT correct?1. Compulsory licensing on several industries was abolished.2. Many industries that were only reserved for the government were dereserved.3. There was quota and price control for all the goods produced in the industrial sector.

  1. (a) Only 2 and 3
  2. (b) Only 2
  3. (c) Only 1 and 2
  4. (d) Only 3
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) Only 3

RRB NTPC GL CBT-1 2024-25 – 12 June 2025 Shift 1 · Disinvestment

Q340. In which year did the government notify the New Public Sector Enterprise (PSE) Policy for Atma Nirbhar Bharat, that provides overall guidance on strategic disinvestment, and intends to minimise the presence of Government in PSEs across all sectors of economy?

  1. (a) 2021
  2. (b) 2023
  3. (c) 2024
  4. (d) 2025
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) 2021

RRB NTPC GL CBT-1 2024-25 – 12 June 2025 Shift 1 · Industrial indices (IIP, core sectors)

Q341. The Ministry of Statistics & Programme Implementation (MoSPI) releases the Index of Industrial Production (IIP) at which of the following time intervals?

  1. (a) Quarterly
  2. (b) Monthly
  3. (c) Weekly
  4. (d) Half yearly
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Monthly

RRB NTPC GL CBT-1 2024-25 – 12 June 2025 Shift 3 · Disinvestment

Q342. Disinvestment proceeds contribute to non-tax revenue of the government. Which body manages disinvestment in India?

  1. (a) NABARD
  2. (b) SEBI
  3. (c) RBI
  4. (d) DIPAM
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) DIPAM

RRB NTPC GL CBT-1 2024-25 – 11 June 2025 Shift 3 · Industrial productivity and growth performance

Q343. What was the average annual growth rate of industries comprising mining, manufacturing and electricity during the post-reform period between 1991-92 and 2011-12?

  1. (a) 5.5%
  2. (b) 6.7%
  3. (c) 7.5%
  4. (d) 8.5%
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) 6.7%

RRB NTPC GL CBT-1 2024-25 – 10 June 2025 Shift 3 · MSME sector

Q344. Udyami Bharat, MUDRA Yojana, Emergency Credit Line Guarantee Scheme, SFURTI and RAMP schemes are associated with the development of which sector?

  1. (a) Micro, small, medium enterprises
  2. (b) Iron and steel industries
  3. (c) Mining sector
  4. (d) Drugs and pharmaceuticals industry
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Micro, small, medium enterprises

RRB NTPC GL CBT-1 2024-25 – 9 June 2025 Shift 1 · Infrastructure sectors

Q345. Which of the following is NOT an industrial corridor planned under the Government of India’s infrastructure initiatives?

  1. (a) Vizag-Chennai Industrial Corridor
  2. (b) Kolkata-Lucknow Industrial Corridor
  3. (c) Chennai-Bengaluru Industrial Corridor
  4. (d) Delhi-Mumbai Industrial Corridor
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Kolkata-Lucknow Industrial Corridor

RRB NTPC GL CBT-1 2024-25 – 6 June 2025 Shift 2 · Infrastructure sectors

Q346. What is the main goal of the PM Gati Shakti initiative?

  1. (a) Strengthen healthcare facilities
  2. (b) Improve transportation and logistics
  3. (c) Enhance digital infrastructure
  4. (d) Increase agricultural productivity
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Improve transportation and logistics

RRB NTPC GL CBT-1 2024-25 – 6 June 2025 Shift 2 · Make in India, Startup India and PLI

Q347. Which initiative was launched on 25 September 2014 to facilitate investment, foster innovation, build best in class infrastructure and make India a hub for manufacturing, design and innovation?

  1. (a) Industrial Corridor Development Programme
  2. (b) Stand Up India Initiative
  3. (c) Make in India initiative
  4. (d) Start Up India initiative
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Make in India initiative

RRB NTPC GL CBT-1 2024-25 – 5 June 2025 Shift 1 · Infrastructure sectors

Q348. The Indian telecom sector wasliberalisedunder which year’s Telecom Policy?

  1. (a) 2002
  2. (b) 1994
  3. (c) 1999
  4. (d) 1997
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) 1994

RRB JE CBT-1 2024-25 – 17 December 2024 Shift 2 · Public sector undertakings (Maharatna, Navratna, Miniratna)

Q349. Which status was conferred upon Shipping Corporation of India (SCI) by the Government of India in August 2008?

  1. (a) Miniratna
  2. (b) Maharatna
  3. (c) Dashratna
  4. (d) Navratna
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) Navratna

Answer: Option 4 — Navratna
The Government of India granted Navratna status to the Shipping Corporation of India (SCI) in August 2008.
Revision note — CPSE status categories
• Maharatna (introduced 2009–10) — highest status; a board can invest up to ₹5,000 crore in a project without government approval.
• Navratna (introduced 1997) — investment up to ₹1,000 crore or 15% of net worth in one project.
• Miniratna (Category I and II) — for smaller consistently profit-making CPSEs.
• SCI was set up in 1961 (merger of Eastern Shipping and Western Shipping Corporations); HQ Mumbai; under the Ministry of Ports, Shipping and Waterways.
• Maharatna examples: ONGC, NTPC, IOCL, SAIL, BHEL, Coal India, GAIL.
• Navratna examples: BEL, HAL, RCF, Container Corporation (CONCOR).
• "Dashratna" is not a CPSE category.
Also asked from this topic: what Navratna status gives a CPSE (greater managerial and financial autonomy); the CPSE status of Bharat Electronics Limited (Navratna).
RRB JE CBT-1 2024-25 – 16 December 2024 Shift 3 · Classification of industries (size, ownership, raw material)

Q350. Which of the following is NOT a private sector company in India?

  1. (a) Tata Iron and Steel Company
  2. (b) Dabur
  3. (c) Bajaj Auto Limited
  4. (d) Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited

Answer: Option 4 — Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited
BHEL is a public sector enterprise owned by the Government of India under the Ministry of Heavy Industries. Tata Steel (formerly TISCO), Dabur and Bajaj Auto are privately owned.
Revision note — Public and private sector industries
• Public sector: owned and run by government agencies — e.g. BHEL, SAIL, ONGC, NTPC, Coal India.
• Private sector: owned by individuals or groups — e.g. Tata Steel, Bajaj Auto, Dabur, Reliance.
• Joint sector: owned jointly by the state and private firms — e.g. Maruti Udyog Ltd.
• Cooperative sector: owned by producers or suppliers — e.g. Amul, sugar mills of Maharashtra.
• BHEL, set up in 1964 with headquarters in New Delhi, is a Maharatna CPSE making power-plant equipment.
• TISCO, set up at Jamshedpur in 1907, is India's oldest private steel company; renamed Tata Steel in 2005.
Do not mix these up
• BHEL vs BEL — BHEL (Heavy Industries) makes power equipment; BEL (Defence) makes defence electronics.
Also asked from this topic: public sector industries (owned and run by government agencies, e.g. SAIL, BHEL); joint sector industries (owned jointly by public and private sectors).
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