Home › GK Questions Asked › Static GK › Monuments and Heritage

Monuments and Heritage PYQs – Static GK, SSC & Railway

166 Monuments and Heritage (Static GK) questions asked in recent SSC and Railway exams, newest first, with exam, date & shift, answers and solutions – page 2 of 2.

📚 166 questionsSSC 122 · Railway 44
12
SSC CHSL Tier-1 2025 – 30 November 2025 Shift 2 · Monuments - builders and locations

Q101. The Victoria Memorial built between 1906 and 1921 is located in _____.

  1. (a) Delhi
  2. (b) Kolkata
  3. (c) Chennai
  4. (d) Shimla
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Kolkata

Correct Answer: Option 2 – Kolkata
The Victoria Memorial is located in Kolkata (formerly Calcutta), West Bengal. It was built between 1906 and 1921 in memory of Queen Victoria, the Empress of India. Designed by architect William Emerson in the Indo-Saracenic style using white Makrana marble, it now serves as a museum and art gallery managed by the Ministry of Culture.
Why other options are wrong:
Option 1 (Delhi): The Victoria Memorial is not in Delhi; Delhi has India Gate, Rashtrapati Bhavan, etc.
Option 3 (Chennai): Chennai is not the location of the Victoria Memorial.
Option 4 (Shimla): Shimla was the summer capital of British India but does not have the Victoria Memorial.
SSC CHSL Tier-1 2025 – 29 November 2025 Shift 3 · Forts and palaces

Q102. Around which year did the construction of the Red Fort in Delhi began?

  1. (a) 1605
  2. (b) 1622
  3. (c) 1639
  4. (d) 1658
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) 1639

Correct Answer: Option 3 – 1639
The construction of the Red Fort (Lal Qila) in Delhi was commissioned by Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan in 1639. It was completed in 1648 when the Mughal capital was shifted from Agra to Delhi. The fort is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Why other options are wrong:
Option 1 (1605): 1605 marks the death of Akbar and the accession of Jahangir; not related to Red Fort. The candidate incorrectly selected this.
Option 2 (1622): This year has no significance in the construction history of Red Fort.
Option 4 (1658): 1658 is the year Aurangzeb imprisoned Shah Jahan; Red Fort was already completed by then.
SSC CHSL Tier-1 2025 – 28 November 2025 Shift 3 · Forts and palaces

Q103. Who constructed the city of Tughlaqabad ?

  1. (a) Alauddin Khilji
  2. (b) Firoz Shah Tughlaq
  3. (c) Mohammad Bin Tughlaq
  4. (d) Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq

Tughlaqabad was built by Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq, the founder of the Tughlaq dynasty, in 1321 AD. It was the third historical city of Delhi and served as the capital of the Delhi Sultanate. The city is known for its massive fort with strong walls.
Alauddin Khilji built Siri, the second historical city of Delhi.
Firoz Shah Tughlaq built Firozabad (Kotla Firoz Shah).
Mohammad Bin Tughlaq shifted the capital to Daulatabad.
SSC CHSL Tier-1 2025 – 28 November 2025 Shift 1 · Forts and palaces

Q104. The Gwalior Fort, was initiated by _____ who finished the fortification system around the plateau in 773CE.

  1. (a) Akbar
  2. (b) Rana Sanga
  3. (c) Raja Sourya Sena
  4. (d) Ashoka
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Raja Sourya Sena

According to legend and historical accounts, the Gwalior Fort was initiated by Raja Sourya Sena (also known as Suraj Sen), who is credited with founding the fort in 773 CE and completing the fortification system around the plateau. The fort is one of the largest and most impregnable forts in India.
Akbar (Mughal emperor, 16th century) used the fort later; Rana Sanga was a Rajput king; Ashoka (3rd century BCE) is not associated with Gwalior Fort. Hence, Raja Sourya Sena is correct.
SSC CHSL Tier-1 2025 – 26 November 2025 Shift 2 · Monuments - builders and locations

Q105. Who was the architect behind the design of the India Gate?

  1. (a) Edwin Lutyens
  2. (b) Le Corbusier
  3. (c) Frank Lloyd Wright
  4. (d) Antoni Gaudi
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Edwin Lutyens

The India Gate was designed by Sir Edwin Lutyens, the renowned British architect. Originally known as the All India War Memorial, it was built to commemorate the 70,000 Indian soldiers who died in World War I and the Afghan Wars. It was completed in 1931.
Le Corbusier designed Chandigarh; Frank Lloyd Wright was an American architect; Antoni Gaudi was a Spanish architect known for Sagrada Familia. Hence, Edwin Lutyens is correct.
SSC CHSL Tier-1 2025 – 25 November 2025 Shift 3 · Forts and palaces

Q106. Which of the following pair regarding monument – location is correct?
I. Golconda Fort – Rajasthan
II. Bharatpur Fort – Telangana

  1. (a) Only I
  2. (b) Only II
  3. (c) Both I and II
  4. (d) Neither I nor II
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) Neither I nor II

Both statements are incorrect:
I. Golconda Fort is located in Hyderabad, Telangana — not Rajasthan. It was the seat of the Qutb Shahi dynasty.
II. Bharatpur Fort ( Lohagarh Fort) is located in Bharatpur , Rajasthan — not Telangana. It is famous for its impregnability during British attacks.
Hence, Neither I nor II is correct.
SSC CHSL Tier-1 2025 – 24 November 2025 Shift 1 · Temples and religious places

Q107. The Virupaksha Temple in Hampi , is dedicated to ___.

  1. (a) Lord Shiva
  2. (b) Goddess Durga
  3. (c) Lord Indra
  4. (d) Lord Brahma
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Lord Shiva

Correct Answer: Lord Shiva (Option 1)
The Virupaksha Temple in Hampi (Karnataka) is dedicated to Lord Shiva, worshipped here as Virupaksha (meaning 'one with irregular eyes' — a form of Shiva). It is one of the oldest functioning temples in India and is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The temple was the royal temple of the Vijayanagara Empire (14th–17th centuries).
Goddess Durga, Lord Indra, and Lord Brahma are not associated with the Virupaksha Temple. Goddess Durga has her own temples; Lord Indra ( god of rain) and Lord Brahma (creator) have very few dedicated temples.
SSC CHSL Tier-1 2025 – 24 November 2025 Shift 2 · Temples and religious places

Q108. Which of the following temples is also known as "Black Pagoda"?

  1. (a) Sun Temple, Konark
  2. (b) Meenakshi Temple, Madurai
  3. (c) Sri Venkateswara Temple, Tirupati
  4. (d) Lingaraj Temple, Bhubaneswar
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Sun Temple, Konark

Correct Answer: Sun Temple, Konark (Option 1)
The Sun Temple at Konark in Odisha is popularly known as the 'Black Pagoda'. European sailors named it so because its dark stone appeared black from the sea and it served as a navigational landmark. It is a UNESCO World Heritage Site built in the 13th century by King Narasimhadeva I.
Why others are wrong:
Option 2 - Meenakshi Temple, Madurai: It is known for its colorful gopurams (towers), not as the Black Pagoda.
Option 3 - Sri Venkateswara Temple, Tirupati: It is the wealthiest temple in India, not called the Black Pagoda.
Option 4 - Lingaraj Temple, Bhubaneswar: It is a famous Shiva temple in Odisha but is not called the Black Pagoda.
SSC CHSL Tier-1 2025 – 24 November 2025 Shift 3 · Temples and religious places

Q109. Meenakshi Amman Temple was constructed by ___.

  1. (a) Kulasekhara
  2. (b) Karikala Chola
  3. (c) Pulakeshin I
  4. (d) Narasimha Deva I
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Kulasekhara

Correct Answer: Kulasekhara (Option 1)
The Meenakshi Amman Temple in Madurai, Tamil Nadu was originally constructed by Kulasekara Pandya (Kulasekhara), a king of the Pandya dynasty. The temple is dedicated to Goddess Meenakshi (a form of Parvati) and Lord Sundareswarar (Shiva). The temple was substantially rebuilt and expanded by the Nayak rulers, particularly Thirumalai Nayak, in the 17th century.
Karikala Chola — a famous early Chola king known for building the Kallanai dam on the Kaveri; not the builder of Meenakshi Temple.
Pulakeshin I — a Chalukya king from Karnataka; not associated with Madurai.
Narasimha Deva I — a king of the Eastern Ganga dynasty known for constructing the Konark Sun Temple in Odisha.
SSC CHSL Tier-1 2025 – 20 November 2025 Shift 1 · Monuments - builders and locations

Q110. The red sandstone tower of Qutb Minar has _____ meters diameter at its base.

  1. (a) 14.32
  2. (b) 16.32
  3. (c) 10.32
  4. (d) 12.32
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) 14.32

The Qutb Minar in Delhi, built by Qutb ud-Din Aibak (begun in 1193), has a base diameter of approximately 14.32 meters. It is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and stands at a height of about 72.5 meters. The tower has five distinct storeys and tapers from the base to the top. Why other options are wrong: Option 2 (16.32 m): Overstates the base diameter of the Qutb Minar. Option 3 (10.32 m): Understates the base diameter. Option 4 (12.32 m): Also understates the actual base diameter of 14.32 m.
SSC CHSL Tier-1 2025 – 20 November 2025 Shift 2 · Temples and religious places

Q111. Jagannath Temple constructed by a famous king of Ganga Dynasty Ananta Varman Chodaganga Deva dating back to 12th century is located at _____.

  1. (a) Odisha
  2. (b) Madhya Pradesh
  3. (c) Tamil Nadu
  4. (d) Karnataka
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Odisha

Correct Answer: Odisha
The Jagannath Temple is located in Puri, Odisha. It was constructed by King Anantavarman Chodaganga Deva of the Eastern Ganga Dynasty in the 12th century CE (around 1135 CE). The temple is dedicated to Lord Jagannath (a form of Vishnu/Krishna). It is one of the four sacred dhams (pilgrimage sites) in Hinduism. The famous Rath Yatra (chariot festival) is held annually at this temple.
Why other options are wrong:
- Madhya Pradesh: No Jagannath Temple associated with the Ganga Dynasty is in MP.
- Tamil Nadu: The Eastern Ganga Dynasty ruled Odisha and Andhra; not Tamil Nadu.
- Karnataka: The Western Ganga Dynasty ruled Karnataka; the Puri Jagannath Temple is in Odisha.
SSC CHSL Tier-1 2025 – 20 November 2025 Shift 2 · Forts and palaces

Q112. Where is the Hawa Mahal (having 953 windows) located?

  1. (a) Jaipur
  2. (b) Ajmer
  3. (c) Alwar
  4. (d) Sikar
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Jaipur

Correct Answer: Jaipur
The Hawa Mahal (Palace of Winds) is located in Jaipur, Rajasthan. It was built in 1799 by Maharaja Sawai Pratap Singh of the Kachhwaha Rajput dynasty. The palace has 953 small windows (jharokhas) decorated with intricate latticework, which allowed royal ladies to observe street festivities while remaining unseen. It is designed in the shape of the crown of Lord Krishna and is an iconic landmark of Jaipur.
Why other options are wrong:
- Ajmer: Famous for the Dargah of Khwaja Moinuddin Chishti; not the location of Hawa Mahal.
- Alwar: Has the City Palace and Alwar Fort; not the Hawa Mahal.
- Sikar: Known for its havelis; not the location of Hawa Mahal.
SSC CHSL Tier-1 2025 – 19 November 2025 Shift 2 · Temples and religious places

Q113. The Kailasa Temple built in the 8th century is in which of the following state?

  1. (a) Madhya Pradesh
  2. (b) Rajasthan
  3. (c) Maharashtra
  4. (d) Gujarat
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Maharashtra

Correct Answer: Maharashtra (Option 3)
The Kailasa Temple (Cave 16) at Ellora is located in Aurangabad (Chhatrapati Sambhajinagar ), Maharashtra. Built in the 8th century CE, it was commissioned by the Rashtrakuta king Dantidurga (or his successor Krishna I). It is one of the largest rock-cut structures in the world, carved out of a single rock cliff.
Why others are wrong:
Option 1 - Madhya Pradesh: The Khajuraho temples are in MP, not the Kailasa Temple.
Option 2 - Rajasthan: Rajasthan is not known for this specific 8th-century rock-cut temple.
Option 4 - Gujarat: The Kailasa Temple is in Maharashtra, not Gujarat.
SSC CHSL Tier-1 2025 – 17 November 2025 Shift 3 · UNESCO World Heritage Sites in India

Q114. The Mahabodhi Temple, a UNESCO World Heritage site is in which of the following state?

  1. (a) Haryana
  2. (b) Bihar
  3. (c) Punjab
  4. (d) Assam
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Bihar

Correct Answer: Bihar
The Mahabodhi Temple is located in Bodh Gaya, Bihar. It was inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2002. The Mahabodhi Temple marks the site where Gautama Buddha attained enlightenment (Bodhi) under the sacred Bodhi Tree around 528 BCE. It is one of the four holy sites related to the life of Buddha.
Why other options are wrong:
- Haryana: Has Kurukshetra (associated with Mahabharata) but not Mahabodhi Temple.
- Punjab: Known for Golden Temple (Amritsar); Mahabodhi Temple is not in Punjab.
- Assam: Known for Kamakhya Temple; Mahabodhi Temple is not in Assam.
SSC CHSL Tier-1 2025 – 17 November 2025 Shift 3 · Forts and palaces

Q115. The Feroz Shah Kotla Fort, also known as the home of the djinns, was built in _____.

  1. (a) 1321
  2. (b) 1354
  3. (c) 1267
  4. (d) 1492
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) 1354

Correct Answer: 1354
Feroz Shah Kotla Fort was built in 1354 CE by Feroz Shah Tughlaq, the Sultan of Delhi. It was part of his new capital city Firozabad (the fifth city of Delhi). The fort contains the ruins of the palace, a mosque, and an Ashokan pillar erected within it. The fort is famous in local folklore as a dwelling place of djinns (genies), and people visit to leave offerings.
Why other options are wrong:
- 1321: Around the time of Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq; not when Feroz Shah Kotla was built.
- 1267: During the Mamluk/Slave Dynasty period; Feroz Shah Tughlaq ruled later.
- 1492: Much later than when the fort was built; Feroz Shah Tughlaq ruled 1351-1388.
SSC CHSL Tier-1 2025 – 17 November 2025 Shift 2 · Temples and religious places

Q116. Which of the following temples is also known as "Taj Mahal of the South"?

  1. (a) Sri Jagannath Puri Temple, Puri
  2. (b) Meenakshi Temple, Madurai
  3. (c) Sri Venkateswara Temple, Tirupati
  4. (d) Chamundeshwari Temple, Mysore
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Meenakshi Temple, Madurai

Correct Answer: Meenakshi Temple, Madurai (Option 2)
The Meenakshi Amman Temple in Madurai, Tamil Nadu, is popularly known as the 'Taj Mahal of the South' due to its breathtaking Dravidian architecture. It features 14 towering gopurams (gateway towers) adorned with thousands of colorful sculptures. The temple is dedicated to Goddess Meenakshi (a form of Parvati) and Lord Sundareswarar (Shiva).
Sri Jagannath Puri Temple is in Odisha. Sri Venkateswara Temple in Tirupati is known as the richest temple in the world. Chamundeshwari Temple is in Mysore, Karnataka.
SSC CHSL Tier-1 2025 – 15 November 2025 Shift 2 · Monuments - builders and locations

Q117. The Gol Gumbaz, the tomb of Mohammed Adil Shah, is in ________.

  1. (a) Delhi
  2. (b) Uttar Pradesh
  3. (c) Karnataka
  4. (d) Telangana
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Karnataka

Gol Gumbaz, the mausoleum of Mohammed Adil Shah (the Adil Shah Sultan of Bijapur), is located in Vijayapura (Bijapur), Karnataka. Built in 1656, it is renowned for its massive central dome — one of the largest in the world — and its famous 'Whispering Gallery'. Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, and Telangana do not house this monument.
SSC CHSL Tier-1 2025 – 15 November 2025 Shift 2 · Forts and palaces

Q118. Which of the following forts was built by Suraj Mal in Bharatpur ?

  1. (a) Amer Fort
  2. (b) Agra Fort
  3. (c) Lohagarh Fort
  4. (d) Red Fort
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Lohagarh Fort

Lohagarh Fort (Iron Fort) was built by Maharaja Suraj Mal of Bharatpur in 1726. It is famous for its impregnable mud walls that repelled multiple British attacks in the 19th century. It is one of the few forts that was never captured by the British. Amer Fort is in Jaipur (built by Raja Man Singh); Agra Fort and Red Fort are Mughal constructions — none are linked to Suraj Mal.
SSC CHSL Tier-1 2025 – 15 November 2025 Shift 3 · Forts and palaces

Q119. Which of the following statements is correct regarding the Agra Fort?
I. It is NOT a UNESCO World Heritage site.
II. It was the main residence of the emperors of the Mughal Dynasty.

  1. (a) Only I
  2. (b) Only II
  3. (c) Both I and II
  4. (d) Neither I nor II
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Only II

Statement I is incorrect — Agra Fort IS a UNESCO World Heritage Site, inscribed in 1983. Statement II is correct — Agra Fort served as the main residence of the Mughal emperors from Akbar until Aurangzeb's time. Therefore only Statement II is correct. Option 1 (Only I) is wrong since Statement I is false. Option 3 (Both I and II) is wrong because Statement I is false. Option 4 (Neither I nor II) is wrong because Statement II is true.
SSC CGL Tier-1 2025 – 24 September 2025 Shift 2 · Temples and religious places

Q120. The Sun Temple at Konark looks like a big chariot. How many horses does it have?

  1. (a) 5
  2. (b) 6
  3. (c) 8
  4. (d) 7
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) 7

The Konark Sun Temple (13th century, Odisha) is built in the form of a chariot drawn by 7 horses, with 12 pairs of wheels.
The 7 horses symbolise the 7 days of the week.
SSC CGL Tier-1 2025 – 24 September 2025 Shift 3 · Temples and religious places

Q121. The famous Meenakshi Temple in Madurai is known for which architectural feature?

  1. (a) White marble walls
  2. (b) Hidden underground shrines
  3. (c) Shikhara covered in gold
  4. (d) Gigantic Gopurams (gateway towers)
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) Gigantic Gopurams (gateway towers)

The Meenakshi Temple (Madurai, Tamil Nadu) is a classic Dravidian temple famous for its towering, intricately sculpted gopurams (gateway towers).
It is not known for white marble (that is Taj/Dilwara), gold shikhara (Kashi Vishwanath), or underground shrines.
SSC CGL Tier-1 2025 – 23 September 2025 Shift 1 · World monuments and wonders

Q122. Read the below statements marked as Assertion (A) and Reason (R).
A: Gothic Revival buildings in colonial India often employed pointed arches and ribbed vaults.
R: These elements were unknown in traditional European cathedrals.

  1. (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
  2. (b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
  3. (c) A is true, but R is false.
  4. (d) A is false, but R is true.
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) A is true, but R is false.

A is TRUE: Gothic Revival buildings in colonial India did use pointed arches and ribbed vaults. R is FALSE: These elements were well-known in traditional European cathedrals (they originated there).
SSC CGL Tier-1 2025 – 23 September 2025 Shift 2 · Temples and religious places

Q123. The Jagannath Temple in Puri is an example of which style of architecture?

  1. (a) Dravidian
  2. (b) Maratha
  3. (c) Nagara (Kalinga)
  4. (d) Vesara
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Nagara (Kalinga)

The Jagannath Temple in Puri (12th century) is a prime example of the Kalinga style, which is a regional variation of the Nagara school of architecture.
Dravidian style is found mainly in South India, Vesara is a hybrid style.
SSC CGL Tier-1 2025 – 23 September 2025 Shift 3 · Temples and religious places

Q124. What is a key architectural feature of the Sun Temple at Modhera?

  1. (a) Gopuram
  2. (b) Garuda pillar
  3. (c) Stepped tank
  4. (d) Vimana
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Stepped tank

The Sun Temple at Modhera (Gujarat, 11th century) is famous for its grand stepped tank (Surya Kund) in front of the main shrine.
The tank, with hundreds of small shrines on its steps, is a key architectural feature.
SSC CGL Tier-1 2025 – 22 September 2025 Shift 1 · Forts and palaces

Q125. Approximately how many water bodies originally existed in Chittorgarh Fort?

  1. (a) 22
  2. (b) 50
  3. (c) 84
  4. (d) 100
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) 84

Chittorgarh Fort originally had about 84 water bodies (tanks, wells and step-wells).
The other figures do not match the historical record.
Hence the answer is 84.
SSC CGL Tier-1 2025 – 21 September 2025 Shift 1 · Forts and palaces

Q126. Consider the following statements about Chittorgarh Fort:
1. The fort features iconic structures like the Vijay Stambha and Kirti Stambha.
2. The fort complex includes nineteen main temples.
3. Its main entrance was established in the 5th century.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

  1. (a) 1 and 2 only
  2. (b) 2 and 3 only
  3. (c) 1 and 3 only
  4. (d) 1, 2 and 3
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) 1, 2 and 3

All three statements about Chittorgarh Fort are correct as per ASI records.
It has Vijay Stambha & Kirti Stambha (1).
Contains 19 main temples (2).
Main entrance established in early period (3).
SSC CGL Tier-1 2025 – 21 September 2025 Shift 2 · Forts and palaces

Q127. Which structural elements enhance the visual grandeur of Kangra Fort?

  1. (a) (a) Wooden sculptures
  2. (b) (b) Colorful glass windows
  3. (c) (c) Arches, domes, and rock carvings
  4. (d) (d) Painted ceilings and tiled floors
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) (c) Arches, domes, and rock carvings

Kangra Fort in Himachal Pradesh is one of India's oldest forts.
It is famous for its arches, domes, and rock carvings that enhance its grandeur.
It does not feature wooden sculptures or painted ceilings prominently.
SSC CGL Tier-1 2025 – 18 September 2025 Shift 2 · Temples and religious places

Q128. Who among the following Chola emperors constructed the grand temple at Gangaikonda Cholapuram?

  1. (a) Rajaraja Chola I
  2. (b) Rajendra Chola I
  3. (c) Rajadhiraja Chola I
  4. (d) Kulothunga Chola I
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Rajendra Chola I

Rajaraja Chola I built the Brihadeeswarar temple at Thanjavur.
His son Rajendra Chola I built the grand temple at Gangaikonda Cholapuram after his Gangetic victory.
Hence the answer isRajendra Chola I.
SSC CGL Tier-1 2025 – 18 September 2025 Shift 3 · Forts and palaces

Q129. Which of the following building materials were primarily used in constructing Purana Qila?

  1. (a) Granite and lime plaster
  2. (b) Concrete and red bricks
  3. (c) Sandstone and marble
  4. (d) Wood and terracotta
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Sandstone and marble

• Purana Qila (Old Fort) in Delhi was built in the 16th century by Sher Shah Suri (and later by Humayun).
• The primary building materials used were sandstone and marble — typical of the Mughal/Sur period architecture.
• The fort features massive sandstone walls with marble decorations.
• Answer: Sandstone and marble
SSC CGL Tier-1 2025 – 17 September 2025 Shift 2 · Colonial and modern architecture in India

Q130. Which of the following is a notable architectural feature of Notre Dame des Anges Church in Puducherry?

  1. (a) Shikhara with amalaka
  2. (b) Transparent enclosure with piers
  3. (c) Minaret with balcony
  4. (d) Corbelled arch with lattice work
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Transparent enclosure with piers

Notre Dame des Anges Church in Puducherry is built in Gothic-French colonial style with a distinctive transparent enclosure supported by piers.
Shikhara, minaret and corbelled arch with lattice are features of Hindu, Islamic and Indo-Saracenic architectures respectively, not this church.
Hence the correct feature is the transparent enclosure with piers.
SSC CGL Tier-1 2025 – 17 September 2025 Shift 3 · UNESCO World Heritage Sites in India

Q131. Which of the following statements about Mumbai's architectural heritage is/are correct?
1. Victorian Gothic buildings in Mumbai reflect colonial-era architecture with Neo-Gothic elements.
2. Art Deco buildings in Mumbai were part of the 19th-century colonial urban development.
3. The Oval Maidan distinctly separates the Victorian Gothic and Art Deco architectural styles.

  1. (a) Only 1 and 2 are correct
  2. (b) Only 2 and 3 are correct
  3. (c) Only 1 and 3 are correct
  4. (d) All 1, 2, and 3 are correct
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Only 1 and 3 are correct

Statement 1 is correct — Victorian Gothic buildings in Mumbai reflect Neo-Gothic colonial architecture.
Statement 3 is correct — Oval Maidan acts as the boundary separating the Victorian Gothic and Art Deco precincts (a UNESCO World Heritage Site).
Statement 2 is incorrect — Art Deco buildings belong to the 20th century, not the 19th.
Hence only 1 and 3 are correct.
SSC CGL Tier-1 2025 – 16 September 2025 Shift 1 · Forts and palaces

Q132. What feature was used on Golconda Fort’s gates to protect it during attacks involving war elephants?

  1. (a) Deep moat with water channels
  2. (b) Electrified spikes
  3. (c) Steel spikes on doors
  4. (d) Stone cannon towers
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Steel spikes on doors

Golconda Fort’s gates were fitted with large protruding steel spikes to prevent war elephants from ramming the gates.
Water moats and stone cannon towers protected other parts of the fort but not specifically the gates from elephants; ‘electrified spikes’ is anachronistic.
SSC CGL Tier-1 2025 – 16 September 2025 Shift 3 · Colonial and modern architecture in India

Q133. Which of the following is a typical architectural feature of the Capuchin Church?

  1. (a) Ornate spires and domes
  2. (b) Complex traceried rose windows
  3. (c) Flat arched entrance with pediment
  4. (d) Multi-storey shikhara tower
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Flat arched entrance with pediment

Capuchin Churches typically follow a simple, austere architectural style with a flat arched entrance topped by a pediment.
Ornate spires/domes, traceried rose windows and shikhara towers are characteristic of other styles (Gothic, Hindu temples, etc.).
SSC CGL Tier-1 2025 – 15 September 2025 Shift 1 · Temples and religious places

Q134. How many pairs of decorative wheels are found on the Konark Sun Temple chariot?

  1. (a) 10 pairs
  2. (b) 11 pairs
  3. (c) 12 pairs
  4. (d) 13 pairs
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) 12 pairs

The Konark Sun Temple is designed as a colossal chariot with 24 wheels (12 pairs) pulled by 7 horses.
The 12 pairs symbolise the 12 months of the year.
Hence 12 pairs is correct.
SSC CGL Tier-1 2025 – 15 September 2025 Shift 2 · Temples and religious places

Q135. What do the carved wheels on the Konark Sun Temple represent?

  1. (a) Planets
  2. (b) Time divisions
  3. (c) Festivals
  4. (d) Weapons
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Time divisions

The 12 pairs of wheels on the Konark Sun Temple represent divisions of time – the 12 months of the year, the spokes indicating hours of the day.
They do not represent planets, festivals or weapons.
SSC CGL Tier-1 2025 – 13 September 2025 Shift 1 · Forts and palaces

Q136. Consider the following statements about Gwalior Fort:
1. It is spread over a hilltop more than 2 km in length.
2. Its southern path features intricately carved rock-cut temples of Jain Tirthankaras.
3. The Caturbhuj Mandir within the fort is an example of a Vaiṣṇavite shrine.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

  1. (a) 1 and 2 only
  2. (b) 2 and 3 only
  3. (c) 1 and 3 only
  4. (d) 1, 2 and 3
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) 1, 2 and 3

Statement 1: The fort sits on a hilltop and runs more than 2 km in length. Correct.
Statement 2: A long row of large rock-cut Jain Tirthankara images is carved along the southern (Gopachal) path of the fort. Correct.
Statement 3: The Caturbhuj Mandir, carved into the fort hillside, is dedicated to Vishnu and is a Vaiṣṇavite shrine. Correct.
All three statements are correct.
RRB NTPC UG CBT-1 2024-25 – 28 August 2025 Shift 3 · Colonial and modern architecture in India

Q137. Which architectural style, introduced by the British, combines Indian traditional elements with Gothic, Victorian and Neo-Classical forms?

  1. (a) Gothic Revival
  2. (b) Indo-Saracenic
  3. (c) Colonial Neo-Baroque
  4. (d) Victorian Classical
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Indo-Saracenic

RRB NTPC UG CBT-1 2024-25 – 20 August 2025 Shift 2 · Temples and religious places

Q138. During which era was the Hazara Rama Temple, situated in Hampi, India, first established?

  1. (a) Early 15ᵗʰ century
  2. (b) Early 11ᵗʰ century
  3. (c) Early 19ᵗʰ century
  4. (d) Early 13ᵗʰ century
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Early 15ᵗʰ century

RRB NTPC UG CBT-1 2024-25 – 20 August 2025 Shift 3 · Temples and religious places

Q139. The famous Virupaksha temple of Pattadakal was built in the 8ᵗʰ century by the:

  1. (a) Vakatakas
  2. (b) Pallavas
  3. (c) Vardhanas
  4. (d) Chalukyas
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) Chalukyas

RRB NTPC UG CBT-1 2024-25 – 19 August 2025 Shift 1 · Colonial and modern architecture in India

Q140. Which of the following architectural styles is predominantly associated with the Gateway of India in Mumbai?

  1. (a) Bauhaus
  2. (b) Indo-Saracenic
  3. (c) Victorian Gothic
  4. (d) Art Deco
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Indo-Saracenic

RRB NTPC UG CBT-1 2024-25 – 19 August 2025 Shift 2 · Forts and palaces

Q141. Dating back to 1639-1640 CE, which construction, located in Chennai, India, is historically known as the primary English defense post?

  1. (a) Fort St. George
  2. (b) Gingee Fort
  3. (c) Sadras Dutch Fort
  4. (d) Fort St. David
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Fort St. George

RRB NTPC UG CBT-1 2024-25 – 19 August 2025 Shift 3 · Colonial and modern architecture in India

Q142. Which architectural style characterises the Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Terminus (CSMT) building in Mumbai, India, completed in 1887?

  1. (a) Indo-Saracenic
  2. (b) Rajput
  3. (c) Mughal
  4. (d) Victorian Gothic
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) Victorian Gothic

RRB NTPC UG CBT-1 2024-25 – 14 August 2025 Shift 1 · Colonial and modern architecture in India

Q143. Which of the following colonial-era buildings in Chennai serves as the headquarters of the Greater Chennai Corporation?

  1. (a) Ripon Building
  2. (b) Government Museum
  3. (c) Fort St. George
  4. (d) High Court
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Ripon Building

RRB NTPC UG CBT-1 2024-25 – 14 August 2025 Shift 2 · Temples and religious places

Q144. In June 2025, a 'Maha Kumbhabhishekam' was performed after 270 years at the Sree Padmanabhaswamy Temple, located in which Indian State?

  1. (a) Andhra Pradesh
  2. (b) Tamil Nadu
  3. (c) Kerala
  4. (d) Karnataka
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Kerala

RRB NTPC UG CBT-1 2024-25 – 13 August 2025 Shift 3 · Temples and religious places

Q145. Which Chandela ruler is credited with the construction of the Kandariya Mahadev Temple situated in Khajuraho, Madhya Pradesh, India?

  1. (a) Vidyadhara
  2. (b) Yashovarman
  3. (c) Dhanga
  4. (d) Kirttivarman
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Vidyadhara

RRB NTPC UG CBT-1 2024-25 – 12 August 2025 Shift 2 · Monuments - builders and locations

Q146. The Queen's Stepwell in Gujarat, known officially as Rani-ki-Vav, is situated along the course of which river?

  1. (a) Sabarmati
  2. (b) Tapi
  3. (c) Saraswati
  4. (d) Narmada
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Saraswati

RRB NTPC UG CBT-1 2024-25 – 8 August 2025 Shift 1 · Temples and religious places

Q147. The Golden Temple, which is situated in Amritsar, Punjab, is alternatively known as _____.

  1. (a) Gurudwara Hemkunt Sahib
  2. (b) Akal Takht
  3. (c) Sri Harmandir Sahib
  4. (d) Anandpur Sahib
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Sri Harmandir Sahib

RRB NTPC UG CBT-1 2024-25 – 7 August 2025 Shift 2 · Forts and palaces

Q148. The Aguada Fort, which is a monument to Portuguese construction and engineering, is situated in which of the following states of India?

  1. (a) Maharashtra
  2. (b) Goa
  3. (c) Tamil Nadu
  4. (d) Gujarat
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Goa

SSC Selection Post 2025 (Phase XIII) – 1 August 2025 Shift 1 · Temples and religious places

Q149. Which temple is known for its erotic sculptures and is a UNESCO World Heritage Site?

  1. (a) Brihadeshwara Temple
  2. (b) Sun Temple, Konark
  3. (c) Khajuraho Temples
  4. (d) Meenakshi Temple
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Khajuraho Temples

Correct Answer: Option 3 – Khajuraho Temples
The Khajuraho Group of Monuments in Madhya Pradesh, built by the Chandela dynasty (950–1050 CE), is famous worldwide for its extensive erotic sculptures alongside divine figures. It was inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1986.
Option 1 ( Brihadeshwara Temple): A UNESCO World Heritage Site (part of 'Great Living Chola Temples') in Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu; not known for erotic sculptures.
Option 2 (Sun Temple, Konark): A UNESCO World Heritage Site in Odisha, known primarily for its chariot-shaped architecture; not primarily associated with erotic sculptures.
Option 4 (Meenakshi Temple): A prominent temple in Madurai, Tamil Nadu; not a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
SSC Selection Post 2025 (Phase XIII) – 1 August 2025 Shift 3 · Monuments - builders and locations

Q150. Which year marked the completion of Rashtrapati Bhavan?

  1. (a) 1912
  2. (b) 1921
  3. (c) 1929
  4. (d) 1935
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) 1929

Correct Answer: Option 3 – 1929
Rashtrapati Bhavan (originally known as Viceroy's House) was designed by British architect Sir Edwin Lutyens. Construction began in 1912 and was completed in 1929. It served as the official residence of the Viceroy of India and, after independence in 1950, became the official residence of the President of India.
Option 1 (1912): This was the year construction began, not completion.
Option 2 (1921): Construction was still ongoing in 1921.
Option 4 (1935): Incorrect year; the building was completed six years earlier in 1929.
SSC Selection Post 2025 (Phase XIII) – 31 July 2025 Shift 1 · Temples and religious places

Q151. The Kailasa Temple at Ellora was built by which ruler?

  1. (a) Ashoka
  2. (b) Krishna I
  3. (c) Rajaraja Chola
  4. (d) Chandragupta II
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Krishna I

Correct Answer: Option 2 – Krishna I
The Kailasa Temple (Cave 16) at Ellora, Maharashtra, is the world's largest rock-cut temple and one of the greatest achievements of ancient Indian architecture. It was commissioned by the Rashtrakuta king Krishna I (reign c. 756–773 CE) and carved out of a single basalt cliff by excavating downward from the top. The temple is dedicated to Lord Shiva and replicates the mythical Mount Kailash (Shiva's abode). About 200,000 tonnes of rock were carved out and removed. The temple features intricate sculptures including the famous Ravana Shaking Mount Kailash panel.
Option 1 (Ashoka): Mauryan Emperor Ashoka (3rd century BCE) built stupas and rock edicts but not the Kailasa Temple.
Option 3 (Rajaraja Chola): Built the Brihadeeswarar Temple (Thanjavur) — a built/constructed (not rock-cut) Dravidian temple in Tamil Nadu.
Option 4 (Chandragupta II): Gupta Emperor (4th–5th century CE) — the Gupta period saw the development of earlier Ellora caves, but the Kailasa Temple was built by Krishna I of the Rashtrakuta dynasty.
SSC Selection Post 2025 (Phase XIII) – 31 July 2025 Shift 2 · UNESCO World Heritage Sites in India

Q152. The rock-cut caves of Ajanta and Ellora, famous for their murals and sculptures, are located in which present-day state of India?

  1. (a) Madhya Pradesh
  2. (b) Rajasthan
  3. (c) Maharashtra
  4. (d) Karnataka
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Maharashtra

Correct Answer: Option 3 – Maharashtra
Both the Ajanta Caves and Ellora Caves are located in the Aurangabad (now Chhatrapati Sambhajinagar ) district of Maharashtra. Ajanta Caves: approximately 30 rock-cut Buddhist cave monuments dating from 2nd century BCE to about 480 CE, famous for exquisite Buddhist paintings and sculptures; UNESCO World Heritage Site (1983). Ellora Caves: approximately 100 rock-cut caves (Buddhist, Hindu, and Jain) dating from 600–1000 CE, including the magnificent Kailasa Temple (Cave 16); UNESCO World Heritage Site (1983). Both sites are major archaeological and artistic treasures of ancient India.
Option 1 (Madhya Pradesh): MP has Sanchi Stupa, Khajuraho temples, and Bhimbetka rock shelters — not Ajanta or Ellora.
Option 2 (Rajasthan): Known for desert forts and palaces — Ajanta and Ellora are not in Rajasthan.
Option 4 (Karnataka): Known for Hampi ( Vijayanagara ruins), Badami caves, and Belur / Halebidu temples — Ajanta and Ellora are in Maharashtra.
SSC Selection Post 2025 (Phase XIII) – 29 July 2025 Shift 3 · Monuments - builders and locations

Q153. Consider the following statements about 'Bibi ka Maqbara ':
1. It was built by Mughal emperor Aurangzeb in memory of his wife.
2. It is located in Chhatrapati Sambhaji Nagar and is called the "Taj Mahal of the Deccan."
3. It was constructed in the early 1500s during Babur's reign.
Which among these following is/are correct?

  1. (a) 1 and 2 only
  2. (b) 2 and 3 only
  3. (c) 1 and 3 only
  4. (d) 1, 2 and 3 are correct
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) 1 and 2 only

Correct Answer: Option 1 – 1 and 2 only
Statement 1 (TRUE): Bibi ka Maqbara was built by Mughal prince Azam Shah (son of Aurangzeb) in memory of his mother Dilras Banu Begum (Rabia- ud -Daurani), who was Aurangzeb's wife. It was commissioned by Aurangzeb and constructed between 1651–1661 CE. So it was effectively commissioned by/associated with Aurangzeb in memory of his wife.
Statement 2 (TRUE): Bibi ka Maqbara is located in Aurangabad (now renamed Chhatrapati Sambhaji Nagar), Maharashtra. It is popularly called the 'Taj Mahal of the Deccan' due to its architectural resemblance to the Taj Mahal in Agra, as it was inspired by it.
Statement 3 (FALSE): Bibi ka Maqbara was constructed in the 17th century (1651–1661 CE), during the reign of Aurangzeb — NOT in the early 1500s during Babur's reign. Babur ruled from 1526–1530 CE, more than a century earlier.
Only Statements 1 and 2 are correct.
SSC Selection Post 2025 (Phase XIII) – 28 July 2025 Shift 2 · World architectural styles

Q154. The Gothic architectural style originated in which continent?

  1. (a) Asia
  2. (b) Africa
  3. (c) Europe
  4. (d) Australia
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Europe

Correct Answer: Option 3 – Europe
Gothic architecture originated in medieval Europe, specifically in the Île-de-France region of northern France in the 12th century. The Abbey Church of Saint-Denis (1137–1144) near Paris is considered the first Gothic structure. Gothic style is characterized by pointed arches, ribbed vaults, flying buttresses, large stained-glass windows, and soaring vertical lines. It spread across Western Europe (England, Germany, Spain, Italy) during the 12th–16th centuries, seen in cathedrals like Notre-Dame de Paris, Chartres, and Canterbury.
Option 1 (Asia): Asia has its own rich architectural traditions (Indian temple architecture, Chinese/Japanese styles, Islamic architecture); Gothic originated in Europe.
Option 2 (Africa): African architectural traditions (Egyptian, Nubian, Swahili, etc.) are distinct; Gothic architecture did not originate there.
Option 4 (Australia): Australia was not significantly inhabited by Europeans until the 18th century; Gothic architecture originated centuries earlier in Europe.
RRB NTPC GL CBT-1 2024-25 – 24 June 2025 Shift 3 · Monuments - builders and locations

Q155. In which of the following buildings/towns constructed by the Mughals is Salim Chishti's tomb situated?

  1. (a) Fatehpur Sikri
  2. (b) Agra Fort
  3. (c) Taj Mahal
  4. (d) Red Fort
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Fatehpur Sikri

RRB NTPC GL CBT-1 2024-25 – 21 June 2025 Shift 1 · UNESCO World Heritage Sites in India

Q156. An astronomical observation site, Jantar Mantar, which is also a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is located in which State?

  1. (a) Gujarat
  2. (b) Bihar
  3. (c) Rajasthan
  4. (d) Madhya Pradesh
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Rajasthan

RRB NTPC GL CBT-1 2024-25 – 17 June 2025 Shift 3 · Monuments - builders and locations

Q157. Which of the following architectures was built by Aurangzeb?

  1. (a) Bibi-ka-Maqbara
  2. (b) Humayun’s tomb
  3. (c) Taj Mahal
  4. (d) Qutub Minar
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Bibi-ka-Maqbara

RRB NTPC GL CBT-1 2024-25 – 17 June 2025 Shift 1 · UNESCO World Heritage Sites in India

Q158. A UNESCO World Heritage Site, the Kakatiya Rudreshwara Temple is situated in which of the following states of India?

  1. (a) Gujarat
  2. (b) Karnataka
  3. (c) Telangana
  4. (d) Andhra Pradesh
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Telangana

RRB NTPC GL CBT-1 2024-25 – 12 June 2025 Shift 1 · Monuments - builders and locations

Q159. 'Adhai Din Ka Jhonpra' in Ajmer was built in the period of which of the following dynasties?

  1. (a) Tughlaq dynasty
  2. (b) Slave Dynasty
  3. (c) Lodhi dynasty
  4. (d) Khailji dynasty
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Slave Dynasty

RRB NTPC GL CBT-1 2024-25 – 10 June 2025 Shift 2 · Temples and religious places

Q160. What type of shrine is the Neeramankara Temple located in Nemam, Kerala, in India known to be?

  1. (a) Sarvatobhadra type
  2. (b) Sandhara type
  3. (c) Mandapa type
  4. (d) Nirandhara type
Answer & solution

Answer: (b) Sandhara type

RRB JE CBT-1 2024-25 – 18 December 2024 Shift 3 · UNESCO World Heritage Sites in India

Q161. Which UNESCO World Heritage Site is a cave complex with stunning paintings and sculptures, located in Maharashtra?

  1. (a) Badami Caves
  2. (b) Bhimbetka Caves
  3. (c) Elephanta Caves
  4. (d) Ajanta Caves
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) Ajanta Caves

Answer: Option 4 — Ajanta Caves
The Ajanta Caves in Maharashtra are rock-cut Buddhist caves famous for their murals (paintings) and sculptures.
They were inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1983.
Revision note — Rock-cut cave sites and UNESCO
• Ajanta: about 30 Buddhist caves in Chhatrapati Sambhajinagar (Aurangabad) district, 2nd century BCE – 6th century CE.
• Many Ajanta caves were made under Vakataka patronage; murals show Jataka tales and the Padmapani Bodhisattva.
• Ellora: 34 caves of Buddhist, Hindu and Jain faiths; the monolithic Kailasa temple (Cave 16) was built by the Rashtrakuta Krishna I; UNESCO 1983.
• Elephanta: on Gharapuri island near Mumbai; Shaivite sculptures, the Trimurti (Maheshmurti); UNESCO 1987.
• Bhimbetka: prehistoric rock shelters and paintings in Madhya Pradesh; UNESCO 2003.
• Badami: Chalukya rock-cut temples in Karnataka — not a UNESCO site (nearby Pattadakal is).
• India's first UNESCO sites (1983): Ajanta, Ellora, Agra Fort, Taj Mahal.
Do not mix these up
• Ajanta vs Ellora — Ajanta is only Buddhist and known for paintings; Ellora mixes three faiths and is known for the Kailasa temple.
• Ajanta vs Elephanta — both in Maharashtra, but Elephanta is known for sculpture, not paintings.
Also asked from this topic: the site whose paintings and sculptures are masterpieces of Buddhist art (Ajanta Caves); what makes the Elephanta Caves distinct (Shaivite themes and sculpture).
RRB JE CBT-1 2024-25 – 17 December 2024 Shift 1 · Temples and religious places

Q162. One of the famous Kali temples in India, Kalighat, is located in which of the following Indian states?

  1. (a) Maharastra
  2. (b) Odisha
  3. (c) Assam
  4. (d) West Bengal
Answer & solution

Answer: (d) West Bengal

Answer: Option 4 — West Bengal
The Kalighat Kali Temple stands in Kolkata, West Bengal, on the bank of the Adi Ganga (an old channel of the Hooghly).
It is counted among the 51 Shakti Peethas.
Revision note — Famous Shakti and Kali temples
• Kalighat Kali Temple — Kolkata; one of the Shakti Peethas; gave its name to Kalighat painting (patachitra) of the 19th century.
• Dakshineswar Kali Temple — Kolkata, built by Rani Rashmoni (1855); Ramakrishna Paramahamsa was its priest.
• Kamakhya Temple — Nilachal Hill, Guwahati (Assam); the Ambubachi Mela is held here every June.
• Tarapith — Birbhum district, West Bengal; temple of goddess Tara.
• Vaishno Devi — Trikuta hills, Jammu and Kashmir; Jwalamukhi — Kangra, Himachal Pradesh.
Do not mix these up
• Kalighat vs Dakshineswar — both are Kali temples in Kolkata; Dakshineswar is linked with Ramakrishna and Vivekananda.
Also asked from this topic: the temple where Swami Vivekananda first met Ramakrishna Paramahamsa (Dakshineswar Kali temple); the state where the Ambubachi Mela is held at the Kamakhya Temple (Assam).
RRB JE CBT-1 2024-25 – 17 December 2024 Shift 1 · Monuments - builders and locations

Q163. Quwwat-al-islam mosque is located in which of the following cities?

  1. (a) Sikar
  2. (b) Hyderabad
  3. (c) New Delhi
  4. (d) Ajmer
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) New Delhi

Answer: Option 3 — New Delhi
The Quwwat-ul-Islam Mosque stands in the Qutb complex at Mehrauli, Delhi.
It was begun by Qutbuddin Aibak around 1192–93, and is the earliest surviving mosque in India.
Revision note — The Qutb complex, Delhi
• The mosque was built with material from demolished Hindu and Jain temples.
• Iltutmish and Alauddin Khalji later extended it.
• Qutb Minar — begun by Aibak, completed by Iltutmish; about 72.5 m tall; a UNESCO World Heritage Site (1993).
• Alai Darwaza (1311) — the southern gateway built by Alauddin Khalji, noted for its true arch and dome.
• The Iron Pillar in the courtyard dates from the Gupta period and has not rusted.
Do not mix these up
• Quwwat-ul-Islam vs Adhai Din Ka Jhonpra — both built by Aibak; the first is in Delhi, the second in Ajmer.
Also asked from this topic: who built the Alai Darwaza (Alauddin Khalji); the builder of the Quwwat-ul-Islam Mosque (Qutbuddin Aibak); the style of the Qutb Minar (Mamluk / Indo-Islamic).
RRB JE CBT-1 2024-25 – 17 December 2024 Shift 2 · Temples and religious places

Q164. What is one of the main attractions of ‘Mamallapuram’ apart from the dance festival?

  1. (a) Modern art galleries
  2. (b) Local handicrafts
  3. (c) Architectural beauty of temples
  4. (d) Wildlife sanctuaries
Answer & solution

Answer: (c) Architectural beauty of temples

Answer: Option 3 — Architectural beauty of temples
Mamallapuram (Mahabalipuram) in Tamil Nadu is famous for its 7th–8th century Pallava rock-cut and structural temples.
The Mamallapuram Dance Festival is itself staged against the backdrop of these monuments.
Revision note — Group of Monuments at Mamallapuram
• Built by the Pallavas; the town is named after Narasimhavarman I "Mamalla".
• Pancha Rathas — five monolithic rock-cut shrines (7th century).
• Shore Temple — structural temple built by Narasimhavarman II (Rajasimha), early 8th century.
• Descent of the Ganges / Arjuna's Penance — a huge open-air bas-relief.
• Carved mainly from granite; an early example of the Dravida style.
• A UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1984.
• The Mamallapuram Dance Festival is held every December–January by Tamil Nadu Tourism.
Also asked from this topic: the ruler who built the Shore Temple (Narasimhavarman II); the rock of which the Mahabalipuram monuments are cut (granite).
RRB JE CBT-1 2024-25 – 17 December 2024 Shift 3 · Temples and religious places

Q165. What is the name of the famous temple complex in Tamil Nadu, known for its Dravidian architecture and 1,000-pillar hall?

  1. (a) Meenakshi Temple
  2. (b) Kanchipuram Temple
  3. (c) Brihadeeswarar Temple
  4. (d) Jagannath Temple
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Meenakshi Temple

Answer: Option 1 — Meenakshi Temple
The Meenakshi Amman Temple at Madurai is a Dravidian temple complex famous for its towering gopurams and its Aayiram Kaal Mandapam — the Hall of a Thousand Pillars (it actually has about 985 carved pillars).
Revision note — Dravidian temples of Tamil Nadu
• Dravidian style — tall pyramidal vimana over the shrine, huge gopurams (gateway towers), pillared mandapas and temple tanks.
• Meenakshi Temple, Madurai — dedicated to Meenakshi (Parvati) and Sundareswarar (Shiva); built first under the Pandyas and greatly expanded by the Nayaks (Thirumalai Nayak); 14 gopurams.
• Brihadeeswarar Temple, Thanjavur — built by Rajaraja Chola I (completed about 1010); part of the Great Living Chola Temples UNESCO site.
• Kanchipuram — the "city of a thousand temples"; Kailasanatha Temple built by the Pallava king Narasimhavarman II (Rajasimha).
• Nataraja Temple, Chidambaram also has a thousand-pillar hall.
Do not mix these up
• Meenakshi Temple vs the Thousand Pillar Temple — the "Thousand Pillar Temple" (Rudreshwara) is at Hanamkonda, Warangal (Telangana), built by the Kakatiya king Rudradeva, not in Tamil Nadu.
• Jagannath Temple, Puri is in Odisha and follows the Kalinga (Nagara) style.
Also asked from this topic: the temple called the "Taj Mahal of the South" (Meenakshi Temple, Madurai); its best-known feature (gigantic gopurams); the builders of Warangal's Thousand Pillar Temple (Kakatiya).
RRB JE CBT-1 2024-25 – 16 December 2024 Shift 3 · Monuments - builders and locations

Q166. At which of the following places is the tomb of Sher Shah located?

  1. (a) Sasaram
  2. (b) Lahore
  3. (c) Agra
  4. (d) Patna
Answer & solution

Answer: (a) Sasaram

Answer: Option 1 — Sasaram
The tomb of Sher Shah Suri stands at Sasaram in Bihar (Rohtas district), his birthplace region.
It is an octagonal red-sandstone mausoleum set in the middle of an artificial lake.
Revision note — Sher Shah Suri and the Sur Empire
• Founded the Sur Empire (Second Afghan Empire) after defeating Humayun at Chausa (1539) and Kannauj / Bilgram (1540).
• Ruled 1540–1545; died at Kalinjar fort in 1545 during a siege.
• Tomb built in 1545, designed by architect Mir Muhammad Aliwal Khan; a leading example of Indo-Islamic (Afghan) architecture.
• Issued the silver coin rupiya (about 178 grains) and copper dam.
• Built the Sadak-e-Azam (Grand Trunk Road) from Sonargaon (Bengal) to Peshawar, with sarais along it.
• Land revenue by measurement (patta and qabuliyat) — later refined by Todar Mal under Akbar.
Do not mix these up
• Sher Shah's tomb vs Humayun's tomb — Sher Shah's is at Sasaram (Bihar); Humayun's is in Delhi, built by Hamida Banu Begum.
Also asked from this topic: the route of Sher Shah's Grand Trunk Road (Sonargaon to Peshawar); the founder of the Second Afghan (Sur) Empire (Sher Shah Suri).
12

More Static GK chapters

Sports652 questionsDances336 questionsBooks and Authors298 questionsFestivals, Fairs, Paintings and Crafts297 questionsMusic and Musical Instruments262 questionsSpace, Defence and Technology245 questionsOrganisations and Headquarters199 questionsAwards and Honours105 questionsImportant Days and Themes49 questionsTribes, Languages and Religions47 questionsIndian Railways45 questionsNational Symbols, Firsts and Superlatives42 questionsPersonalities and Nicknames30 questionsCinema and Media10 questionsStatic GK Miscellaneous8 questionsCountries, Capitals and Currencies3 questionsInventions and Discoveries2 questions
📥 PDF of this paper (all subjects, English & Hindi): All previous year papers PDF · ▶ Attempt previous year papers as free online tests · 🏆 Free live mock tests · 📰 Daily current affairs quiz